Peach borer borer, also known as peach borer, borer heartworm, peach borer moth, peach borer moth, leopard moth, etc., is an insect of the genus Lepidoptera borer. As the name suggests, the peach borer is a pest that mainly harms peaches, but the appetite of this pest is not small, in addition to peaches, it also harms pomegranates, plums, apricots, pears, persimmons, chestnuts, citrus and other fruits and crops such as sunflowers, corn, sorghum and so on.
When the peach borer harms the pomegranate, the larvae generally drill in from the contact of the pomegranate flower or calyx tube, the fruit and the fruit, the fruit and the leaf, and the fruit and the branch. The eggs and larvae of the peach borer occur in their peak period, which is basically the same as the peak period of pomegranate flowers and young fruits, so it is easier to cause pomegranates to suffer. Pomegranates are harmed by them, which will cause the fruit to rot and fall fruit or hang dried fruit on the tree, lose its edible value, and affect the income of fruit farmers.
Peach borer occurs in different algebras every year in various parts of China, with 3-4 generations in the northern provinces and 4-5 generations in the southern region. The hosts of peach borers mainly include sorghum, corn, millet, sunflowers, castor, ginger, cotton, peach, persimmon, walnut, chestnut, pomegranate, fig, pine and so on. Due to the wide range of hosts of the peach borer and the occurrence of many generations, it should be accurately grasped according to the law of its main host in the local area and the law of transferring hazards between the hosts, in the peak of spawning and the peak of larval hatching, timely spraying and combined with other integrated control measures, in order to achieve better control results. Therefore, for pomegranate growers, pomegranates are not in a hurry to be harmed by peach borers, as long as targeted prevention and control is based on its stage of occurrence.
Phase 1: October-March
The old mature larvae of the peach borer mainly hide in the dead dried and dead fruit of the pomegranate tree, the trunk branches, the tree holes, under the bark, and the corn and sorghum straw around the orchard to overwinter.
Prevention and control measures: (1) After pomegranate harvesting to the second year before germination, it is necessary to completely remove the tree and pick up the dry, stiff, diseased and insect fruits under the tree, remove the wintering hosts such as corn stalks, sorghum stalks, sunflower flower trays in the garden, and crush them deeply buried or burned. (2) It is necessary to remove the old bark on the pomegranate tree and the decaying wood on the trunk in time to minimize the base number of overwintering pests.
Phase 2: April-May
In early April, the overwintering peach borer larvae pupate, enter the pupal peak in late April, and feather from the end of April to the end of May. From mid-May, a generation of eggs can be seen in the fields, peaking in late May and early June. From mid-May to late September, eggs are readily visible in the field, with a high degree of overlap between generations. The eggs of the peach borer are mostly scattered in the calyx of pomegranates, but there are also a large number of eggs that are laid on the surface of the fruit or the stems covered by the branches and leaves. 1 egg is laid at a time, and the egg period is 3-4 days.
Prevention and control measures: (1) Because the adult insects of the peach borer have a strong tendency to black light lamps and sweet and sour liquids, therefore, from late April, black light lamps, sweet and sour basins, sexual lure cores, etc. can be set up in the pomegranate garden to trap and kill all generations of adult insects. (2) Conditional orchards can try to plant oil sunflowers, sorghum, etc. in the surrounding areas or between rows (plants) in early to mid-April, and trap eggs, larvae and pupae. (3) Late May is the peak of overwintering adult spawning, combined with pomegranate flowering leaf spraying, mixed spray 20% permethrin 2000 times liquid, can also be sprayed 1-2 times 25% urea 3 2500 times liquid.
Phase 3: June
A generation of larvae hatches in early to mid-June, mainly harming the young fruits of pomegranates. The hatching larvae nibble on the peel tissue in the calyx or on the fruit surface, and after 2 years of age, they moth into the fruit to eat the young seeds, and a large amount of insect feces accumulates on the periphery of the borer hole. When the larvae feed, they always hide their bodies under the scraps of worm feces connected with a silk mesh. Each affected fruit often has 1 larvae, some of which have been repeatedly spawned, and the number of harmful fruits is large. One generation of larvae infests lasts up to 1 month, and matures in mid-to-late June. After the old ripe larvae shed fruit, most of them climb to the trunk branches, under the bark, cracks, tree holes and fruit calyx tubes to form gray-brown cocoon pupae.
Prevention and control measures: (1) During the growth of the fruit, remove and pick up the insects and fruits on the tree and the ground at any time, and eliminate the pests in the fruit in time. (2) From the middle of June, tie old sack pieces or grass ropes on the trunk, trap the larvae and pupae, and collect and destroy them at any time, and then tie them again, repeating until the end of fruit picking. (3) The orchard raises flocks of chickens, and pecks at the larvae in the fruitless larvae and the underground insect fruit in time. (4) After the peel of the young fruit turns green in mid-June, a drug cotton ball made of 20% permethrin 2,000 times liquid, or a 25% pyramide No. 3 50 times liquid and a loess synthesis of the medicinal mud to seal the calyx, which can prevent insects and borers. (5) Fruit bagging, according to the requirements of the production of pollution-free fruits, pomegranate orchards should be bagged in time, which is also the most effective means of controlling peach borers.
Phase IV: July-September
The first generation of adults begins to appear in late June, peaking in mid-to-late July. The second generation of hatching larvae was found in early to mid-July, and the second generation of larvae occurred from late July to early August, with pomegranate fruit being the most affected. Pupae begin to mature in mid-July, with pupae peaking in early to mid-August. The second generation of adults first appears in early August, with its peak in mid-to-late August. The third generation of hatching larvae begins to occur in early to mid-August, and the peak of the third generation of larvae occurs from late August to mid-to-late September, when pomegranate harvesting occurs, which is very harmful to market fruits and stored fruits. From late August to early September, as the temperature has dropped, the larval calendar begins to grow longer, most of the larvae look for a hidden place after maturity, the cocoon is hidden, no longer pupate, but there are still a few mature larvae cocoon pupae, feathering the third generation of adults.
Prevention and control measures: (1) During the growth of the fruit, remove and pick up the insects and fruits on the tree and the ground at any time, and eliminate the pests in the fruit in time. (2) In the first and middle of July, the second generation egg stage and the larval hatching period, spray 2.5% kung fu emulsion 2 000 - 3 000 times liquid. (3) Spray 20% cypermethrin 2 000 - 3 000 syrup 1-2 times in early to mid-August. (4) From late August to early September, close to the ripening stage, spray 1-2 times of fungicide about 10 days before harvesting, reduce the pathogen base, generally spray 70% methyl tolbucin wettable powder 1 200-1 500 times liquid, can also spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid.
Summary: The prevention and control of any kind of pest requires comprehensive measures, targeted garden control, drug control, biological control and other methods to achieve the best control effect.