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China Post is scheduled to issue a set of 5 special stamps and 1 small sheet of "Five Peaks Map" on August 3, 2019. The names of the stamp designs are: Sunshine Sunshine, Taihua Qingqiu, Rongfeng Rain Color, Hengsai Snow, and Two Chambers. It is understood that the volume of the "Five Mountains Map" is painted by Ming and Song Xu, silk, and colored. The volume is divided into five sections, each of which is 24.7 centimeters long and 75.9 centimeters wide, and is in the collection of the Palace Museum. This is the first time that an ancient Painting of Mount Taishan has been printed on a stamp.
The strange mountains and rivers of Mount Tai have attracted the attention of many painters, and Dan Qing has created a large number of Paintings on the theme of Mount Taishan, in addition to the Ming and Song Xu's "Five Mountains Map" volume, there are paintings circulating in the Six Dynasties to the Republic of China or there are no less than three hundred. Taishan famous paintings have become a strange plant in Taishan culture.
01
The painting of the Sealing Zen Festival flourished
Most of the emperors of the past, Taishan, were "painted with shadow figures" by the Danqing Holy Hand, leaving behind many magnificent long scrolls. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sealed Zen, he was given the "Mingtang Map" by Fang Shigong Yudai, which was painted as the palace room of the legendary Yellow Emperor when he sealed Zen Taishan. The Song Dynasty painter Xiahou Sheng posthumously copied the scene of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty as "Han Wu Feng Zen Map". In the Sui Dynasty, The Sui Dynasty Yanzhou Assassin Shi Xue Zeng sent Dr. Xue To produce the "Feng Zen Map". In the Tang Dynasty, with the continuous playing of the Dongfeng Great Music, "Feng Zen Tu" also became the theme of the painter's competition.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang, the painter Yan Lide drew the Feng Zen Map. Tang Xuanzong sealed Zen Taishan, the painters competed for imitation as a powder copy, and the most famous one was the "Golden Bridge Map" and "Dongfeng Map" composed by Wu Daozi and others.
(Part of "Southern Tour")
Song Zhenzong sealed Zen, and Hanlin scholar Li Zongchen wrote "Taishan Dengfeng", "Sheshou Mountain Descending Zen", "Hajj Chart", "Xiangrui Tu" and so on. Dong Kui's "After the Book Seal Zen Diagram" describes: "The dragon is a thousand knots, and the leopard tail is ten thousand ,...... Yu Wei Wei Yi, Self-Ceremony, this imperial festival. "The magnificent scene jumped on the paper. The Kangxi Emperor ascended Mount Taishan to pay homage. The court painter Wang Yi and others were instructed to draw the "Southern Tour Map", and its third volume is to record the scene of the Kangxi Emperor's southern tour of Dengdai. The scroll vividly depicts the scene of the Kangxi Emperor's tour of Mount Taishan, the composition is refined, dense, and the characters are vivid, which is a true record of the Kangxi Emperor's worship of Mount Tai.
02
Taishan's painting style is inspired by Wang Meng
In history, there are not only many famous paintings, but also a unique "Taishan painting style", which began with Wang Meng, a painter at the time of the Yuan and Ming dynasties. Wang Meng traveled north to Mount Taishan in his early years, which had an important impact on his painting creation, and the Qing Kangxi landscape painter Wang Wenbai's "Seeing The Second Song of Mount Tai" note: "The "Painting Garden" records that Wang Shuming saw Mount Tai Shili, because of the Wu Fa, all his life paintings were Taishan Ye. The late Qing Dynasty painter Lin Shu's "Book of Mount Taishan" also realized this: "(Taishan Mountain Peak) law is based on the law of the Yellow Crane Mountain, like the Yellow Crane Mountain Tree, fine lines and numbness, and reply to the 窅窱." Huang He, the one who sent his secrets, shi gu (Wang Yi) and Mo Jing (Wu Li) were also heirs. ”
Mr. Zhao Lisheng, a famous contemporary calligrapher and painter, has a more profound understanding of this, saying: "The characteristics of the landscape paintings of the Yellow Crane Mountain Tree are based on Mount Tai as a model, which is different from the wet and moist water of the Jiangnan landscape; the north is drier, and a layer of plush grass grows on the mountain skin, so the landscape of the Yellow Crane Mountain Tree is often manifested as plush. This does not use a wet pen, does not show water halo, but uses a dry pen to burn ink or su ink to paint it, and the painting is just a little water. This point is a very delicate content. From this point of view, Mount Tai has become the source of inspiration and spiritual temple for Wang Meng's paintings.
(Part of "Daizong Mixue Map".) ）
When the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Wang Meng gladly took up the post of Tai'an Zhizhou, and after his arrival, he "painted Taishan day and night", and became a painter friend with his colleague Chen Ruyan, who was then experienced in Jinan Province, and the two cooperated to complete a taishan giant production, "Daizong Mixue Map". At this time, the Taishan painting circle not only had the leading figure Wang Meng, but also the unique painting method derived from Taishan, with important painters (Chen Ruyan) joining, important representative paintings ("Daizong MixueTu") passed down, and even many local scholars participating in the "Linchi Dyeing Han", "Taishan Painting Style" has actually been opened. However, Zhu Yuanzhang's cultural autocratic policies and the brutal massacre of scribes led to the murder of Wang Meng and Chen Ruyan, two giants of the Taishan painting world, and the "Taishan painting style" was not widely spread, leaving only the future generations of Dengdai to issue endless exclamations of "Painting The King of Mengde" in the face of the victory of the landscape and water!
03
Wumen Yangzhou is unique in its paintings
Examining the many painting schools in history, we will find that the "Wumen Painting School" of the Ming Dynasty and the "Yangzhou School" painters of the Qing Dynasty have more creative activities in Taishan, and their works have a greater impact. The Wu school, from the Kaishan master Shen Zhou to the zhongjian Wen Zhengming, all have Taishan tu masterpieces passed down; other Wumen painters such as Wang Pet, Ye Cheng, Qian Yu, Xie Shichen, Sheng Maoye, Song Xu, Chen Nu, Chen Huan, Zhang Fu, etc., also have multi-frame Taishan drawings. The representative figures of the "Yangzhou School" Hua Kun, Gao Fenghan, Li Feng, Jin Nong, and Zheng Xie all had a Danqing relationship with Taishan.
(Luo Ping DengDaitu)
Among them, the most closely related to Mount Taishan, especially the works, should be the first to recommend Luo Ping: Luo Ping once painted three Daizong tus in his life - Qianlong thirty-eight years of the beginning of the "Dengdai Tu", this long scroll of landscapes, with green and light ochre as the main tone, the momentum is magnificent, writing the yue in the heart of the painter. In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773), he was invited to Tai'an by Zhu Xiaochun, the prefect of Tai'an, to stay in March, and The Three Deng Daizong, sighing at the adventures of his life, painted the "Taishan Atlas in the Rain" and many small scenes, and the painting was the Yue in the Eye. Later, in the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong (1790), he painted the axis of "DengDai Tu" for his friend Deng Shiru, taking a corner of the peak of the Riguan Peak, under the cliff, surrounded by clouds and smoke, and the person in the painting was on the verge of extinction, with thousands of thoughts, and used his pen to swing freely, which was painted as the dream of the late painter.
04
Huang Yi Taishan paintings are the richest
Among the ancient painters, the one who drew the most Taishan figures was Huang Yi, a member of the Qing Jinshi calligraphy and painting. In the fifty-third year of Qianlong (1788), Huang Yi first ascended Mount Taishan, and he composed the "Dengdai Guan Stele Map", and later painted the "Dengdai Map" for his friend Li Dingyuan. In the second year of Jiaqing (1797), Huang Yi visited the monument in Tai'an twice, painted twenty-four paintings in a powder book, entitled "Atlas of Dai Yue Visiting Monuments", which is rich in gold and stone charm in the ink stick figure, which is Huang Yizhi's representative work.
(Dengdai Guan Stele Picture Mirror Heart on Paper)
In addition, the huang yi paintings that are recorded include "Taidaichun Intention", "Daiyan Exploration Stele Map", "Lingyan Gaojun Map", "Huang Qiuyi Sima Gongdeding Visiting Monument Atlas", "Huang Xiaosong Visiting Monument Album", "Xinfude Stele Map", "Debei Twelve Maps" (the third is "Feicheng Xiaotang Mountain Stone Room Map"), "Twenty-four Views of Taishan" hand scroll (the same content as the "Daiyue Visiting Monument Album") and so on. In total, there are no less than fifty paintings, which can be described as a grand view.
05
The Tai'an painter is unique
Local painters in Tai'an are also committed to the creation of Taishan maps, because they are close to the famous mountains, the Japanese pro-landscape, and the true face of Daizong, the Taishan in the pen has a different general charm. Jin Jian, a Qing Tai'an man, was good at painting landscapes, and tried to compose "Taishan Hill and Valley Map" for Zhao Guolin, which was recommended by people as a strange work. Mixiyi tried to paint the long scroll of "Taishan Map", and Xu Zonggan of Zhixian County gave the title "Pin ChongNan Palace". Feicheng Tang Zhongmian tried to paint the "Tao Shan Wangxing Map", and his son Tang Jian tried to paint the "DaiLu Geng (Yi Zuo Zhan) Cloud Map". Tai'an Liang Luzhan painted the "Complete Map of Mount Tai", "From Daizongfang to Taiping Peak, Twelve Papers". Laiwu Hou Xiwu painted "Taishan Map". There are also wenyang scattered people, painted with more than ten "Taishan Scenic Map", and now see two, one is "Daizongfang Map", the other is "Queen Mother Pond Map", the layout is realistic, the color is gorgeous. Huangyun Valley of the Republic of China has been passed down as a panorama of Mount Taishan and a sectional map, and Li Dongchen has four watercolors paintings of Confucius and the Red Gate Palace. Painting Tarzan with watercolor adds a new kind of painting to the Tarzan drawing.
(Oil painting "Temple")
06
Foreign painters compete to paint Tarzan
The scenery of Mount Taishan is not only written by Chinese painters in Danqing, but also paid attention to by Western painters. According to the collection of prints published by the Ming Chongzhen Dynasty, the Japanese painter Suzuki Furong is painted as "Tang Tu Famous Mountain Map", which contains 55 famous mountain scenery such as "Tang Tu" (Japan's ancient name for China) Taiyue. In 1917, the Japanese modern painter Hashimoto Sekiyuki painted the "Taishan Map" on silk, which was based on eighteen plates, the South Heavenly Gate to the Jade Emperor's Peak, and the green landscape technique was taken to show the mountain and rock wonders. The British female painter Emily Georgiana Camp painted Tarzan watercolor. The American female painter Mary Augusta Marley also has Tarzan paintings. The most prestigious work in Western Tarzan painting, the first Australian modernist painter Ian Ferweather oil painting "Temple". In 1933, Fairweather climbed Mount Taishan on a snowy night and received great artistic inspiration, and 28 years later he completed "Temple", which uses undulating, beautiful calligraphic line shapes to depict the sacred land of Tarzan in his heart, which is Fairweather's best painting, which is now displayed in the Australian National Museum in Canberra.
(Sheng Ye Taishan Pine)
07
Taishan has a collection of historical names
The creation of Taishan Maps in the past is not only a large number of famous artists, but also a collection of excellent works. Here are some of the most famous works:
At present, the earliest known Taishan map appeared in the Six Dynasties, the Eastern Jin Dynasty Xiahou Zhan had the "Eastern Yue Map", and the Southern Dynasty Song Lu Tanwei had the "Five Yue Map".
During the Fifth Dynasty of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei had the "Taidai Qin SongTu", Li Sixun had the "Taishan Map", Guan Tong had the "Side Taishan Map", and Dong Yuan had the "Taishan Map".
In the Song Dynasty, Xiao Zhao had the "Yue Ancestral Hall Han Bai Tu", Zhao Boju had the vertical axis of "Dai Yue Listening to the Waterfall Map", Zhao Mengfu had the mirror heart of "Zhuxi Liuyi", and Ke Jiusi had "Shougao Qin Song".
(Qian Yu (1508-?) Tarzan figure fan)
At the time of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Wang Meng had the "Daizong Mixue Map". In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Fu had "Daiyue Chunyun Map", Lü Tang had "Taishan Chunyun Map", Shen Zhou had "Dafu Song Tu Scroll", "Riguan FengGuan Sunrise", Wen Zhengming had "Taishan Map", Wang Pet had "Taishan Map", Ye Cheng had "Taishan Map", Qian Yu had Taishan Figure Fan, Xie Shichen had "Taishan Songling Map", Sheng Maoye had "Taishan Songtu", Song Xu had "Dailu Qinfeng", "Taidai Qianyan" map, Chen Nu had "Daiyue Qinguan Fan", Chen Huan had "Taidai Qiao SongTu axis", Zhang Fu had "Taidai Spring Cloud Map", Lan Ying had "Taidai Chongxiu Diagram" Fan Jingwen has "Five Great Doctors Pine Map", Zhang Chenglong has "Taishan Qiao Yue", and Yun Xiang has "Five Pine Map".
(Stone Sacrifice Tarzan)
In the Qing Dynasty, Meiqing had "Taishan Map", Wang Yuanqi had "Taidai Chart Axis" and "Dongyue Taishan Axis", Wang Yi had "Taiyue Songfeng Chart Axis", "Taishan Spring Rain Chart", "Taidai Qingyun Chart Axis", Huang Ding had "Taidai Lansheng Chart", "Creation God Show Book, Taidai Qingyun", "Luofu Taidai Chart Axis", Wu Li had "Taidai Ji Travel Chart", Zhang Hong had "Taishan Pine Color Chart", Yuan Shangtong had "Taishan Pine Color Chart Axis", Wang Qi had "Taidai Qiao Song Chart", Li Ying had "Daiyu Steaming Cloud Chart", Chen Weibang had "Twelve True Maps and Taishan Guan ri". Hua Lun has "Taidai Yunhai Chart Axis", Gao Fenghan has "Taidai Qin Stele" and "Wuyue Map", Li Feng has "Wusong Tu" twelve, Luo Ping has "DengDai Tu", "Deng Shi Ru Deng Dai Tu", "DaiZong Bai Shi Tu", etc., Zhu Xiaochun has "Taishan QuanTu", "Chaoyang Mountain Cave Map", "Taishan Guan Ri Tu", Zhu Yunyi has "Taishan Tu multi-framed, Ying Bao has "Taishan Elevation Map", Qianlong Emperor has "Imperial Han Bai Tu", "Lang Gong Shi Tu" and "Moding Song Tu", and Zong Mu Hongsheng has "Dai Yan Biao Sheng" and "Dai Yan Qi Shou Tu".
(Deng Shiru DengDai chart axis)
Tang Dai has "Taiyue Cangsong Map", Jin Ting has "Zhuxi Liuyi Map", Li Shizuo has "Map of Songshan Mountain", Zhang Ruoxiao has "Five Doctors SongTu", Yuan Ying has "Taishan HanbaiTu", Huang Yi has "Dai Yue Visiting Monument Atlas", Qian Du has "Daiyue Wangyun", Zhang Kun has "Taiyue Sleeve Cloud Map", Zhao Guang has "Daiyue Qiaosong", Dai Xi has "Daizong Mixue" map, Fang Xuan has "Taishan Ji Travel Map", Wan Chengji has "Wu Hewu Songpan Range Victory Map", Zhang Tinggui has "Dengdai Map", Jiang Yinpei has "Dai Ding Search Monument Atlas", Chen Tan has "Dai Ding Stele Search Atlas", Chen Tan has "Dai Ding" Taishan Guan Ri Tu, Han Santai has "Dengdai Map", Zhang Shen has "Taishan Map", Xu Zonggan has "Wenfeng Pagoda Map", "Taishan Map", Wen Zhaojiang has "Dai Feng Qingxue Map", Wang Zheng has "Taishan Map", Wang Tieqiao has "Dai Ding Look at the Clouds Map", Zhou Jiyun has "Autumn Yin Dengdai Map", Wang Fang has "Songmen Sitting Moon Chart", Chen Ziqing has "Daiyue Qingqiu" axis, Li Jiafu has "Daiyue Qin Song Fan", Wu Hongen has "Dai Han Dengdai Map", Huang Jingzao has "Taishan Map", Ji Yingshan has "Dai Ding Guanyun Map", Chen Ruyu has "Dai Ding Guanyun Map", Chen Ruyu has "Dai Ding Guanyun Map", Chen Ruyu has "Dai Ding Guanyun Map". Lingshan Langgong Stone Statue" Liang Yuwei has "Taishan Sunrise Map", Lu Wei has "Taidai Pine High Map", "Taidai Five Pine Map", "Daiyue Zhifeng Axis", "Wandering One Corner Axis", Feng Yu has "Daiyue Wangyun Map", Huang Binhong has "Taidai Map", "Taidai Kettle Heavenly Pavilion" and so on.
(1928 Zhang Daqian's "Taishan Map")
During the Republic of China period, He Weipu had "Lin Wenzhi Gong Deng Dai Tu", Wu Changshuo had "The Pine of Wandering", Lin Shu had "Taishan Guan Ri" axis, Wang Mengshu had "Taishan Poetry and Painting Tour Album", Yao Hua had "Shiwu Xingyou", Qi Baishi had many "Dai Temple Maps", Xia Jingguan had "Taishan Black Dragon Pond Map", Chen Hengke had "Bixia Yuanjun Ancestral Temple Map", Ha Lin had "Five Pine Diagrams" fans, Jincheng had "Dai Zongfu He Ru" axis, Deng Chunshu had "Dai Ling Guanyun Map", Huang Qifeng had "Dai Yue Hongtao" hand scrolls, Wu Hufan had "Yipin Dafu Map", Zhang Shiyuan had "Dai Pin Dafu Map", Zhang Shiyuan had "Dai ZongFu He Ru" axis, Deng Chunshu had "Dai Ling Guanyun Map", Huang Qifeng had "Dai Yue Hongtao" hand scrolls, Wu Hufan had "Yipin Dafu Map", Zhang Shiyuan had "Dai Pin Dafu Map", Zhang Shiyuan had "Dai ZongFu He Ru" axis. Dengtai Mountain South Tianmen Map", Zhang Daqian has "Taishan Qinsong", "Taishan South Heavenly Gate", "Pocai Forest Valley Taishan Map", xu Beihong has "Taishan Corner Map", Pu Ru has "Daiyue Peak Color", "Taishan Pine", "Daiyue Xiongzi", "Daimiao Double Cypress", "Daimiao Cangsong" and many Taishan maps. Wang Nianci has "Taishan Visiting Monument Map", Liu Haisu has "Taishan Flying Waterfall", "Taishan Five Doctors", "Gu Bai Tu", etc., Chen Dingshan has "Daizong Qiuji", Li Qiujun has "Taishan Qiao Songtu", Zhao Wangyun has "Taishan Social Sketch Collection", Chen Shaomei has "Taidai Songfeng" fan, and Zhu Mei estate has "Daizong Evening Cui".
(Qi Baishi Dai Temple)
(Rao Zongyi painted Taishan map)
Professor Zhou Yin of Taishan Research Institute of Taishan University
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