Weifang, a famous county in ancient Prefecture, has a colorful culture. Since the beginning of the existence of the Later Li culture 8,000 years ago, the pre-Qin homeland, the history of the Two Han Classics, Wei and Jin Buddhism, Sui and Tang poetry books, Song and Jin famous eunuchs, Yuan ming Taoism, Qing to the Republic of China Jinshi calligraphy and paintings, stretched endlessly, as an important part of Qilu culture, but also in the pattern of pluralistic and integrated Chinese civilization occupies a place.
In the long and splendid history
Countless sages for this land of mulberry
It has precipitated a heavy historical and cultural heritage
Lit up the lamp of cultural self-confidence
Today, let's find out
Weixian County Order of Wen and Wu Shuangquan - Zhou Lianggong
△ Zhou Lianggong
Zhou Lianggong (1612-1672), also known as Yuanliang, also spelled Tao'an and Jinxi, was originally from Xiangfu, Henan (present-day Kaifeng), a writer and collector in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
Zhou Lianggong was born in Xiangmendi, enlightened at the age of 5, and could recite the sutras at the age of 8, never forgetting, and the master was amazed, and did not dare to look at it as a child. Although his father Wen Wei only held a minor position in Zhuji, he was able to fight against his superiors to protect the interests of the common people, so he was jealous of his superiors and was demoted in two years. His father was humiliated, and he returned home with his clothes folded, and fell from the family road. Zhou Lianggong saw the hardships of life, and even more inspired his ambition to study the history of the Scriptures and strive for fame. In the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), he ranked first in the county examination and the prefectural examination, and was a student. In the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), he was appointed as a township examiner, Chongzhen thirteen years (1640) was a jinshi, and in the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (1641), he was appointed as the zhixian of Weixian County, Shandong.
△ Zhou Lianggong Shuzha
At that time, it was the time when the Qing soldiers were congested, as early as the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), the Qing soldiers attacked more than 60 cities such as Jinan, and wherever the Qing soldiers went, they burned and plundered, and the lives were destroyed. When Zhou Lianggong was in office, it was the time of the emergency of the war. He pacified the military and civilians on the one hand, and strengthened the defense of the city on the other; Mobilize the squires and righteous people to donate money, recruit new recruits, form a contingent, set up a number to add firearms, repair guns and cannons, collect gunpowder, gather wood and stones, make fire cans, hoard grain and grass, repair cities and pools, prepare sufficient ordnance, practice day and night, and wait in strict formation. In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642), the Qing general Abatae led the land and water armies to the south, and the water army invaded from Laizhou Bay, first capturing Laizhou, Changyi, Anqiu and other counties, and then landing from Weibei Beacon, concentrating 3,000 cavalry and more than 10,000 infantry, and laying siege to Weixian County. The Qing army camped hundreds of tents in the northwest of the city on the ninth day of the first lunar month, and from the next day (the tenth day of the first lunar month), they took turns to attack the city with heavy troops, and used Hongyi cannons to attack the county town at a distance. On the twelfth day of the twelfth month, he stormed the northwest corner of the city, and dug tunnels day and night, three cave walls, and dug tunnels in the northeast corner of the city six times in the north of Zhenwuge, preparing to sneak into the county seat. The city of Weixian is in danger. Zhou Lianggong and Wang Ruji led the entire city to a tight defense, set up a command platform at the head of the northern city wall Qingyang Tower, and divided the city into four sections, southeast, and northwest, and asked Guo Shangyou, the old returning hubu, Zhang Erzhong, the inspector of Shaanxi, Wang Jue, a suffragist in Nanrui Province, and Hu Zhenqi, the chief of the rear, to supervise the battle in sections. The 1215 pheasants at the head of the city were all sent to hold firm and hold on, and all of them were united in their efforts to defeat the enemy army. From the nineteenth to the twentieth, the defenders dug tunnels, burned them with fire, and filled the dug tunnels with stones, which dampened the enemy's morale. The battle lasted until dawn on the twenty-fourth day, and the Qing army became even more frantic, mobilizing a hundred cloud ladders, and the ant tun swarmed to violently attack the city. When the Qing army forward had approached the city and the county town was in danger, he ordered his staff to write on the placket on his chest: "Weixian Ling Zhou Lianggong's corpse" and stamp it with the official seal. He said, "The enemy will kill me so that he can find me." For a moment, the heavens and the earth were shaken, and hundreds of people cried bitterly. He commanded the city with a sword in armor, and under the volley of flying arrows of the Qing army, the two arrows in his left shoulder were shot, without fear, and he was determined to defend the enemy and vow to save the city. When the Qing army was about to enter the city, he saw that the soldiers retreated slightly, that is, he raised his battle knife and said to everyone: "If the battle is not effective, I will die here." After saying that, he raised his knife and stabbed at himself, and Lai was next to Him, Guo Zhixun, and Hu Zhenche, a student, who tried his best to stop Fang. The defenders of the city were deeply encouraged, and their morale was greatly boosted, and they used thousands of elm trees as wood, threw the enemy group with a mountain of rolling stones, and lit grass bundles to burn their ladders. Such as his wife Wanqiu Wangshi, only 19 years old, able to poetry, have courage, in the war with the Qing army, she climbed to the north city to deliver food, comfort the defenders and soldiers, and to the head of the city Qingyang Tower drum to help the battle, boost morale, known as "Lady Liang" (song Dynasty anti-Jin famous general Han Shizhong's wife Liang Hongyu once beat the drum to help the battle, spread as a good story). The battle between the two sides lasted until the spring of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), and after Weicheng was trapped for 3 months, the Qing army finally retreated.
Zhou Liang took the lead as a soldier, and the military and the people worked together to save Weixian County. He himself wrote two books, "Quan Wei Ji Luo" and "Tong Ember", which detailed their events. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Ding Yunlong wrote "The Record of the Whole City of Weixian County". Wang Xun, a Yiren, collected 171 poems written by 115 people inside and outside the province praising Zhou Lianggong Weixian Shoucheng and resisting the Qing soldiers, and compiled them into the "Collection on the White Wave River". During his stay in Wei county, Zhou Lianggong sympathized with the sufferings of the people and was deeply loved by the people of Weixian County. The masses were organized to build water conservancy projects, diverted water from the Weihe, Bailang, and Yuhe rivers to irrigate the fields, required the peasants to work deeply and meticulously, and also went to the four townships to inspect the production and living conditions of the people, paying special attention to the remote villages where the people were poor and poor. He reused talent and set up a talent register. All kinds of talents with a skill are registered one by one, and their talents are used according to their ability, giving full play to their specialties and talents, speeding up the recovery and development of various local industries, and publicizing and commending their achievements; those talents who do not come out of the door one by one visit their homes and mobilize them to participate in the construction of their hometowns and contribute to the benefits of the local people; and giving full consideration to those who have difficulties in life.
△ Zhou Lianggong's "Min Xiaoji" (four volumes)
Zhou Lianggong was also a famous literati scholar in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, with profound knowledge and talent, good at poetry, passionate about calligraphy and painting, and fond of collecting. He has collected more than 40 paintings of "Return to the Picture Scroll" painted by his close friend Chen Hongshou (Lao Lian), which he brought with him when he was in Weiwei, which had a great influence on the Weixian painting world. In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), he was awarded the Imperial History of Zhejiang Dao with the title of Liansheng, and the following year he went to Beijing to perform his duties, and the people of Weixian County burned incense to send them off, and pushed out representatives to escort them to Dezhou, thousands of miles away. The people of Weixian County built a shrine for him, called "Zhou Gong Ancestral Hall". Zhou Lianggong died on June 23, 1672 (July 17, 1672) in the eleventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty at the age of 61. He is the author of "Biography of the Indians", "Reading Picture Record", "Lai Gutang Collection", "Character Touch", "Same Book", "Min Xiaoji", etc., and compiled "Lai Gutang Seal Spectrum" and "Lai Gutang Tibetan Seal".
△ Zhou Liang Gongyin