Since the founding of New China, China has achieved rapid development in all fields. We now live in an era of peace, but today's peace is not easy to come by, and a strong military force is indispensable to protect this peace.
On the road to the development of military strength in our country, countless predecessors have dedicated their lives to this end. If, in the three aspects of sea, land and air, China has a strong military force, and in the high-altitude field, there is a predecessor who has made outstanding contributions, this predecessor is Zhang Luqian, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and an expert in radar and electronic technology. Below, let's take a look at the outstanding contributions made by Academician Zhang Luqian in the field of radar and electronic technology.
In 1951, Zhang Luqian, who had just graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua University, joined the People's Liberation Army and became a communication soldier in the Radar Department of the People's Liberation Army, and just a month after Zhang Luqian took office, Wang Yi, the then minister of communications, found him. Wang Told Zhang that there was an urgent task he needed to complete. It turned out that at that time, it was in the critical period of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and on the Korean battlefield, our army's radar was interfered with by the enemy and could not accurately judge the position of the enemy plane, which caused great trouble to the operations on the Korean battlefield.
After Zhang Luqian followed the minister Wang Yi to the battlefield, Wang Yi told Zhang Luqian that he must successfully complete the task this time. At that time, the situation on the battlefield was very urgent, our army and the US army were in a state of stalemate on the Korean battlefield, and if our army was below in the air operation, then the situation of the whole war would most likely be tilted toward the UNITED Side. In the face of such a severe situation, Zhang Luqian also felt a lot of pressure.
Although Zhang Luqian is a student of the Department of Electrical Engineering, in fact, he does not understand the working principle of radar, in order to solve the problem on the battlefield as soon as possible, Zhang Luqian asked the staff of the radar department for advice on the working principle of radar. Originally, the radar used to release electromagnetic waves to lock the position of the enemy aircraft, and then launched missiles, the missiles accurately hit the aircraft according to the guidance of electromagnetic waves, and now our radar has been interfered with, and it is impossible to accurately determine the position of the enemy aircraft.
After studying with the staff of the radar department for a few days, Zhang Luqian learned that the radar has its own natural frequency, and now the enemy is interfering with the natural frequency of our radar, so Zhang Luqian proposed a way to change the natural frequency of the radar. After receiving unanimous approval from the staff of the Radar Service.
Zhang Luqian quickly put this idea into practice, and finally successfully solved the problem of enemy interference. Our radar, in turn, can accurately determine the position of enemy aircraft. Zhang Luqian's method of changing the natural frequency of radar allowed China to gain a great advantage in the Korean battlefield and ultimately affected the victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In this matter, Zhang Luqian showed his talent in radar for the first time.
After returning from the Korean battlefield, Zhang Luqian realized the importance of radar confrontation in air combat, so he began to seriously learn the knowledge of radar, and it was very fortunate that Zhang Luqian found a set of radar books in the original English version, which summarized various advanced knowledge in radar, but this series of books had a total of 28 books, adding up to 1.5 meters thick.
It can be said that studying this series of books is a huge project, but for the development of China's radar cause, Zhang Luqian made up his mind, he decided to take two hours a day, plus the usual Sundays and national statutory holidays, spent ten years to read this series of books, under Zhang Luqian's unremitting efforts, after several years of hard work, finally read this set of original English radar series, Zhang Luqian also successfully became an expert in radar.
In 1957, China established the first anti-aircraft missile research institute in Beijing, and in the autumn of that year, Zhang Luqian, who was 31 years old at the time, also came here, and the state entrusted Zhang Luqian with an important task, that is, the missile guidance radar system that imitated Soviet missiles.
As one of the two superpowers at that time, the Soviet Union was at the top level of science and technology in the world, the Soviet Missile Guidance Radar System was also very advanced, and China was almost blank in this regard, Zhang Luqian was precisely because of his outstanding contribution to the Korean battlefield, coupled with the serious study of radar related knowledge, he was awarded this special task by the state, because of the particularity of the task, this task was given a code name called 543.
In 1962, China was in a critical period of research and development of two bombs and one satellite. If the atomic bomb is successfully developed, then china will have its own nuclear weapons, which is a huge threat to the imperialist countries headed by the United States, and the United States is naturally unwilling to sit by and watch our country successfully launch the atomic bomb. In the same year, the United States sent reconnaissance planes over Beijing to interfere with the development of China's atomic bomb.
Of course, china unceremoniously counterattacked this provocative act of the United States, and using ground-based air defense missiles, china successfully shot down the reconnaissance plane sent by the United States. Since then, however, the United States has continued to send reconnaissance planes over our country to interfere, but our country has been unable to hit the reconnaissance planes sent by the United States again under any circumstances, and the reconnaissance planes sent by the United States have always been able to flee in advance before our country can launch missiles.
After learning of this situation, Zhang Luqian, after careful analysis, determined that the enemy had installed an alarm system on the reconnaissance plane, that is to say, when China's radar was turned on to lock on the other side, the other side would flee at the first time, so that China's missiles would not be able to successfully shoot down the enemy's reconnaissance plane. Instead, it strikes suddenly at a relatively close and appropriate distance, so that the enemy's reconnaissance planes cannot escape in time.
Zhang Luqian's idea of playing kombat up close has achieved breakthrough success. My country successfully shot down the reconnaissance plane sent by the enemy. In 1964, China's first atomic bomb test was successful, China became the fifth country in the world to possess nuclear weapons, the country's military strength has been greatly enhanced, and Zhang Luqian after three years of research, finally developed China's own guidance radar system, Zhang Luqian researched the guidance radar system was named Hongqi No. 1.
However, after china successfully developed the atomic bomb, the United States still had illusions and did not give up its interference with china's territorial airspace, and this time the United States played a new trick, and China's ground missile unit found that although the radar successfully locked on to the enemy's reconnaissance plane, it was always unable to successfully shoot down the enemy's reconnaissance plane after the missile was launched, because there was always a certain deviation between the position of the missile launch and the enemy's reconnaissance plane.
After careful analysis, Zhang Luqian believed that the enemy had installed a deception jamming device on the reconnaissance plane. That is to say, when our radar locks the position of the enemy's reconnaissance plane, it is actually locked in a wrong position, and in view of this behavior of the enemy, Zhang Luqian proposed a way to deal with it in the other way, that is, to also send a false signal to the enemy, when the enemy thinks that we are going to launch a missile attack on the location of the false signal lock, we then lock the real position of the enemy reconnaissance plane according to the signal sent by the other side, and strike at the enemy's reconnaissance plane.
Zhang Luqian's idea was once again successful, and subsequently, through the study of the wreckage of an enemy reconnaissance plane that was shot down, it confirmed Zhang Luqian's idea that the enemy had indeed installed a deception jamming device on the reconnaissance plane. In order to deal with the enemy's deception jamming device, Zhang Luqian led the team to conduct a lot of research, after three years of efforts, Zhang Luqian led the team to develop a guidance radar system with high transmission power and strong anti-jamming function, and was named Hongqi II.
In 1967, the United States once again launched a reconnaissance plane to interfere over Beijing, and there is no doubt that the United States has come up with other ways to deal with the attack of China's ground air defense missiles on the reconnaissance plane, but this time, China is destined to disappoint the United States.
After this incident, the United States also realized that China has stood at the leading level in the world in terms of missile guidance radar systems, and since then, the United States has never sent a reconnaissance plane over china's territory, and China has finally ended the victory in this decade-long airspace war. It can be said that in this decade-long war, Zhang Luqian played an indispensable role, and without the existence of Zhang Luqian, then China could not have made such brilliant achievements in the field of high-altitude confrontation.
With the advent of reform and opening up, the development of science and technology in China has ushered in the spring. In 1979, China had a new plan, that is, to independently develop a geosynchronous communication test satellite. After learning this news, although Zhang Luqian had not yet recovered from a heart attack, he still took the initiative to ask for help and served as the chief designer of the satellite measurement and control radar project.
Zhang Luqian said that although his physical condition is not good, contributing to the progress and development of the country is his lifelong pursuit and ideal, and he would rather fall in the laboratory than in a hospital bed. However, taking over the satellite measurement and control radar project is not a simple task for Zhang Luqian.
Because although Zhang Luqian has a deep achievement in the field of radar communication, measurement and control is a completely unfamiliar field for Zhang Luqian. In order to successfully complete the satellite measurement and control radar project, Zhang Luqian once again exerted the spirit of tireless learning, leading a team of dozens of people to carry out research and development day and night.
Finally, in 1984, China's first geosynchronous communication experimental satellite was launched, and this geosynchronous communication experimental satellite was named Dongfanghong II satellite. The successful launch of the Dongfanghong-2 satellite was due to the successful completion of the satellite measurement and control radar project, in which scientists led by Zhang Luqian played an extremely important role. Zhang Luqian was also awarded the National Science and Technology Progress Special Prize by the state for this research result.
In his lifetime, Zhang Luqian has successively participated in the research and development of missile guidance radar systems and satellite measurement and control radar projects, in which Zhang Luqian has made outstanding contributions, not only to protect China's territorial airspace from external enemies, but also to make outstanding contributions to China's communications cause.
Today, Zhang Luqian is 95 years old, but after retreating to the second line, Zhang Luqian is still worried about the development of radar and communication satellite technology. After retirement, Zhang Luqian had another hobby, he liked calligraphy, Zhang Luqian used calligraphy to record one important moment after another in his life, these calligraphy works witnessed the development of China's radar guidance and communication field, but also witnessed Zhang Luqian's life of dedication to the country.