Lead:
The Battle of Turbidity, a war that almost made the State of Wei a history. The armies of the Han and Zhao families had already surrounded an yi regiment, the capital of the Wei state at that time, and it was known in history as the "Siege of An Yi". But inexplicably, the Han and Zhao families, in the case of a huge advantage, actually withdrew their own troops, and King Wei Hui escaped the disaster. Why not put the land in hand? How many of these interests are entangled?
Hello everyone, I am [Luo Shanhe's little follower], welcome to read the "Zizhi Tongjian" with me. Today we will take a look at the Battle of Turbidity, a war that almost destroyed the State of Wei.
[sic 1] "Zizhi Tongjian" Zhou Ji Liewang 5th Year (庚戌, 371 BC)
Marquis Xue of Wei, prince of Buli, Zi Yan and Gongzhong slowly quarreled, and civil unrest.
[Original 2] "Zizhi Tongjian" Zhou Ji Liewang Seven Years (壬子, 369 BC)
Wei Dafu Wang was wrong out of Ben Han. Gongsun Ji said of Marquis Yi of Han: "Wei chaos is preferable." "Yi Hou Nai and Zhao Chenghou joined forces to fight Wei, fought in Turbid ze, broke it, and besieged Wei. Cheng Hou Yue: "Kill the poppy, establish the public in the middle of the slow, cut the land and retreat, the benefits of our two countries are also." Yi Hou Yue: "No." Kill Wei Jun, tyranny; cut the land and retreat, greedy also. Not as good as two. Wei is divided into two, not stronger than Song and Wei, then I will not have Wei in the end. Zhao Ren did not listen. Yi Hou was displeased and went with his soldiers at night. Zhao Chenghou also went. The killing of Gong Zhong, who was slow to stand, was for King Hui.
After two years of internal and external troubles, the State of Wei finally identified the new monarch.
[Translation] (Han Yihou is really a good hand at riding a wall)
Marquis Xue of Wei, prince of Buli, Zi Yan (罃) and Gongzhong (公中) slowly fought, and civil unrest.
...... Two years later...
The Wei Grand Master Wang mistakenly went to Korea. Gongsun Xin said to Han Yihou, "The State of Wei is in chaos, and it can be conquered!" "Marquis Yi of Han joined forces with Marquis Chenghou of Zhao to attack Wei, fought at Huze ze, defeated the Wei army, and thus besieged the Capital of the Wei State of Anyi.
Zhao Chenghou said: "Kill Wei Yan and change the gongzhong to a moderate, on the condition that he cut a part of the land to us, and we will retire, so that both of us can benefit." ”
Han Yihou said, "No! Killing Wei Jun is an atrocity; cutting the ground and retreating is greed. It is better to divide the State of Wei into two and make both of them the monarchs. After the wei state was divided, it was weaker than the Song state, and there was no threat to either of us. ”
Zhao Chenghou resolutely disagreed with Han Yihou's opinion. Han Yihou was not happy, and that night he returned to China. The Han army withdrew, and Zhao Chenghou could not take it down alone, and also withdrew. The siege of AnYi was lifted. Wei Yan took the opportunity to attack and kill Gong Zhongliang, and established himself as a king, for the King of Wei Hui.
【Interpretation】
Taishi Company Ma Qian made a comment at the end of this story. Probably the meaning is that the reason why the State of Wei did not perish was because the conspiracy between the Han and Zhao families did not reach an agreement, which was Wei Yan's good luck and escaped the disaster. This was indeed the case, because even if Han Yihou were to lose sight of his short-sightedness, the State of Wei would already perish. In this story, the game between Wei, Zhao, and Han can be described as wonderful and needs to be viewed separately.
According to the rules of the time, Wei Yan was the eldest son, and he should have been made a prince at an early age, and cultivated according to the heir, so that the other sons would break off their thoughts.
Why did Marquis Wu of Wei not make a prince until his death?
It is likely that Wei Wuhou felt that Wei Yan's ability was really incompetent, and wanted to establish Wei Huan. But things were not done, and he died first. This also gave Wei Huan the capital to compete with Wei Yan for the throne.
Judging from the history behind, Wei Wuhou's vision is indeed accurate, and the State of Wei is in the hands of Wei Yan, and it is really a day worse than a day.
If Wei Huan wants to win, he must get help from the outside world. So he found Zhao Guo. This can be seen in the material:
Cheng Hou Yue: "Kill the poppy, establish the public in the middle of the slow, cut the land and retreat, the benefits of our two countries are also." ”
Zhao Chenghou supported Wei Huan. And the price Wei Huan paid was probably to be a puppet emperor. It's similar to the current relationship between the United States and South Korea.
After Wei Huan obtained help from the outside world, Wei Yan would be at a disadvantage. So, he also went to the rescue troops. He asked his confidant Wang to go to South Korea to seek cooperation:
Wei Dafu Wang was wrong out of Ben Han.
Correspondingly, it will certainly promise many benefits to South Korea. For example, land, population or whatever.
Wei Yan and Wei Huan were deadlocked, and both sides went to move the rescue troops, but they were still different. According to the strength at that time, Wei was the strongest, Zhao was second, and Han was the weakest. Wei Slow went to ask Zhao Guo, which was equivalent to luring the wolf into the room. When Wei Yan went to Korea, he was asking for help. There is a fundamental difference between the two.
This is the background.
After Han Yihou received a solution from Wei Guo, his choice was not "help" or "no help". but:
Gongsun Ji said of Marquis Yi of Han: "Wei chaos is preferable." "Yi Hou Nai and Zhao Chenghou joined forces to fight Wei, fought in Turbid ze, broke it, and besieged Wei.
This "seems" to be the best solution for the Korean side.
First, do not offend Zhao Guo.
Second, if the war is won, a lot of resources can be obtained after the victory.
Third, if the war does not go well, you can ride on two sides of the wall. On the one hand, you can tell Wei Yan that the reason why the war is not going well is that I did not contribute to it, and when the war is over, what you promised me must be given to me. And we can find an opportunity to unite and engage in a wave of Zhao Guo. On the other hand, it is also possible to increase the bargaining chips with Zhao Chenghou and obtain more resources.
The so-called one hundred dense and one sparse, South Korea never expected zhao guo's appetite to be so big.
The situation at that time was that the weakest and weakest people in South Korea had to think of self-preservation first.
Obviously, Zhao Guo wanted to establish a "pro-Zhao government" in the State of Wei. In this way, the wei and Zhao families united. When the matter is over, the two families of Wei and Zhao jointly attack Korea, then South Korea will have no way at all.
Therefore, South Korea cannot agree with Zhao Guo's proposition, and it is impossible to give as much land as possible! If you agree, the country will be gone, and the land will have a fart! That's why there's this scene:
Yi Hou Yue: "No." Kill Wei Jun, tyranny; cut the land and retreat, greedy also. Not as good as two. Wei is divided into two, not stronger than Song and Wei, then I will not have Wei in the end.
Han Yihou proposed a feasible plan. That means: Zhao Chenghou, I know your abacus, you don't want to be too greedy, Wei Guo, we are one and a half, slowly digest, eat more and eat less, look at your own skills.
This is a poisonous plan, look at East and West Germany, North and South Vietnam, North and South Korea, etc., which is not to survive and be at the mercy of others.
Zhao Chenghou disagreed. When Han Yihou looked at it, he couldn't play anymore. If you play again, it's easy to put yourself in it, and you don't want anything at all. Let's go.
Yi Hou was displeased and went with his soldiers at night.
When Zhao Guo saw the civil unrest in Wei and received Wei Huan's request for help, he knew that this was a great opportunity to destroy Wei guo and restore Zhao guo to the former glory of the Jin state. Therefore, he did not hesitate to choose to "help" Wei Huan.
Wei Huan and Wei Yan competed for the throne, and Wei Huan itself was "not righteous in name and not smooth in speech". If Wei Huan wanted to rule the State of Wei, he must have the military strength of the State of Zhao to endorse him. In other words, the State of Wei became a "pro-Zhao government", and Zhao Chenghou was the de facto ruler of the State of Wei.
Zhao Chenghou's abacus was well played. But he ignored that the skinny camel was bigger than the horse. Zhao Guo alone is not enough to quell this war, but must have the support of South Korea. South Korea supports Zhao Guo, Wei loses; South Korea does not support Zhao Guo, and Zhao cannot win.
But Zhao Chenghou just wanted to "eat a fat man in one bite." He also regarded Han Yihou as a fool. I don't know how to transfer benefits, and I don't know how to slowly plot them.
If Zhao Chenghou could agree to Han Yihou's strategy of "dividing and ruling", it would certainly be a hundred times stronger than if the laborers mobilized the masses, but they returned in vain.
In the end, they dispersed unhappily, and they did not care about it.
Zhao Chenghou also went. The killing of Gong Zhong, who was slow to stand, was for King Hui.
Although the day after the Wei Kingdom was worse than a day, there was indeed no more such a good opportunity.
【Idle】
Everyone has soup to drink, which is the way to achieve things. People, you must know how to make concessions, you can't just think about yourself, what benefits, credits are taken from yourself. In doing so, no matter how good things are, they will be scattered in one shot and two. How many things, is the failure of both sides refuse to give in, ah, alas...