Li Bai's "Quiet Night": The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground; look up at the bright moon and look down at the hometown.
This year's Mid-Autumn Festival, Yangzhou friends went to the ancient temple of The Thousand Buddha Cave in Jimsar County, Xinjiang. Introduction of the staff inside the ancient temple: Li Bai's "Quiet Reflection Night" was conceived and written next to the heart well in the ancient temple of the Thousand Buddha Cave, on the grounds that only the moonlight in Xinjiang was like frost. Friends were surprised that history records that Li Bai's "Quiet Reflection Night" was written at the Yangzhou Hostel. Is that wrong?
The birthplace of the famous poet Li Bai has always been the focus of controversy in the field of historiography, and there have been many theories in the field of historiography that Li Bai was born in "Shuzhong", "Broken Leaves", "Longxi" and many others. According to the study of Guo Moruo and other scholars, Li Bai was born in ShanyeCheng, which is now Kyrgyzstan, and when he was five years old, he moved with his family to Jiangyou County, Sichuan Province.
In the Tang Dynasty, shanye city and today's Xinjiang both belonged to the western region and were under the jurisdiction of the Tang dynasty government.
The theory that Li Bai was born with broken leaves mainly comes from two important original documents, one of which is the Tang Dynasty Li Yangbing's "Caotang Collection Sequence", when Li Yangbing was serving as a county order in Dangtu (now a county of Ma'anshan City, Anhui), Li Bai in his later years went to him and called him "Uncle Clan". When Li Bai was "ill and urgent", that is, when he was seriously ill, he entrusted Li Yangbing to compile an anthology and write a preface for himself.
Another original document is the Tang Dynasty Fan Chuanzheng's "Tang Zuo Shi Yi Hanlin Scholar Li Gongxin Tombstone and Preface", Fan Chuan was serving as a magistrate of Xuanzhou (when Tu was a subordinate of Xuanzhou), and was buried for Li Bai 55 years after his death, and received from Li Bai's granddaughter the "hand sparse (handwritten text)" of Li Bai's son Bo Yan, which mentions Li Bai's family lineage.
According to these two documents, Li Bai's ancestors were "channeled" to broken leaves in the last years of the Sui Dynasty, and the meaning of "channeling" is roughly like exile. In the Sui Dynasty, It belonged to the Western Turks, and in the Tang Dynasty was a military town under the Protectorate of Anxi, and Li Bai's house "sneaked back (fled back)" in 705 AD, living in today's Sichuan Jiangyou.
These two documents largely indicate that after Li Bai's ancestors were exiled to the Western Regions, Li Bai should have been born there, and it was not until he was 5 years old that he followed his family to the Central Plains Shu land (today's Sichuan Jiangyou).
Starting from Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang, 160 kilometers east, Jimsar County, a western domain city with a history of more than 2,000 years, browse the ancient temple of the Thousand Buddha Cave in the northern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains in Jimsar County, which once left famous poems by the great poet Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty.
Don't underestimate this Thousand Buddha Cave, there are many celebrities in history who have come here to witness the style of the Thousand Buddha Cave.
According to the "Beiting Wenshi" record, the great poet Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty was once injured by an enemy and sang the famous poems "Quiet Night Thoughts" and "Guan Shanyue" during the convalescence of the Thousand Buddha Cave. Another Tang Dynasty poet Cen Shan, the famous Tang Dynasty monk Wukong and the Song Dynasty court representative Wang Yande, as well as the Taoist celebrity Qiu Zhiji who accompanied Genghis Khan on his western expedition, and the Qing Dynasty university scholar Ji Xiaolan and other historical celebrities have left traces here.
Local staff said: Li Bai conceived and wrote "Quiet Meditation Night" next to the heart well in the ancient temple of the Thousand Buddha Cave, on the grounds that only the moonlight in Xinjiang was like frost.
Heart well. Legend has it that a wandering monk in the Qing Dynasty came to the Thousand Buddha Cave one day to worship the reclining Buddha, but saw that the monks and villagers were all fetching water under the mountain, which was very difficult. When he learned that the place had been dry and rainy for a long time, even the well water in the temple had dried up. So he set up a nine-story platform, practiced for three days, and a miracle appeared! The water in the well is constantly gushing and clear. The monks and locals remembered the monks and named it "Fat Heart Well". The water in the well is still clear and has not dried up due to the decline in the groundwater level.
The poem "Quiet Night Thoughts" was written around the fifteenth day of the ninth month of the old calendar in 726 AD (the fourteenth year of the opening of the tang dynasty).
Li Bai was 26 years old at the time and wrote at the then Yangzhou Hostel. On a night when the stars were scarce in one month, the poet looked up at the sky and a bright moon, and his homesickness sprang up, and he wrote this famous poem "Quiet Night Thoughts" that has been recited for thousands of years and is well known at home and abroad. The sequel to "Quiet Night Thoughts", "Autumn Night Travel", was also written at the same time.
Ranger Poetry Immortal Li Bai
1. Li Bai's Ranger's Dream. In 725 (the thirteenth year of the new century), Li Bai was twenty-five years old, "fighting the sword to go to the country, resigning his relatives and traveling far".
It is said that his father Li Ke brought him "more than 300,000 gold". Li Ke has three sons, and the eldest and third are in business. One did it in the head of the Yangtze River, the other in the Three Gorges at the tail of the Yangtze River, and both did a good job. In his later years, Li Bai recalled: "Brother Jiujiang Xi Brother Three Gorges."
An interesting phenomenon is that the second eldest may be more prominent than the eldest. Whether it is the ancient educator Confucius, the Tang Dynasty emperor Li Shimin or the poet Li Bai, they are all the second eldest in the family.
The second son in a family is often the most restless and likes to toss the most. The second needs to try his best to win the attention of his parents, and the second needs to strive for the upper reaches in order to get the attention of his parents. This rebellion brings more trial and error, and it also makes them more daring to take risks to pursue the life they want. They are the most idealistic, and their lives are often full of variables and adventures.
Twenty-year-old men begin to mature and begin to think about life, which is the age of passion for almost all men, and it is also the age when almost all men's dreams are shattered.
After twenty, men have to grow up. Li Bai, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, the ranger squandered 300,000 gold in more than a year, and it was indeed "life must be full of joy".
2. Moonlight in Yangzhou. Since the Sui Dynasty Emperor opened the Grand Canal and brought the extravagant culture of the Central Plains into Yangzhou in the later period of his reign, Yangzhou has become synonymous with avant-garde fashion in the Tang Dynasty.
At that time, Yangzhou was the most prosperous place in all of China, and it was also the place that burned the most money, Du Mu wrote, "The sky is green and the wind is cool and the song is clear." Long sleeves around the waist, jade pendants are mixed. "Luxury house, song and dance, beauty, BMW, fragrant car, all modern luxury and relaxed entertainment elements are all covered.
Spring of 726 (the fourteenth year of the new century). Li Bai arrived in Yangzhou after Dongting, Lushan, and Jinling. Along the way, he traveled widely, light money and good charity, especially after coming to Yangzhou, and finally "scattered more than 300,000 gold".
Did Li Bai's 300,000 gold all be spent in these golden grottoes of song and swallow dance? Of course not. "Appointing oneself as a hero" is one of Li Bai's true colors. Inserting a knife into the ribs of a friend, light wealth and good charity, and saving friendship and righteousness are the consistent principles of his life in the world, and it is also one of the sources of his happiness and happiness. Ranger Li Bai said to himself: "There are fallen sons, and everything is good." This is the light wealth of white and good charity."
Autumn evening in 726 (the fourteenth year of the new century). The night is already very deep, all the hustle and bustle is quiet, people have fallen asleep, but the poet can't sleep at night, three hundred thousand gold is about to be dispersed, what to do, if you stay in Yangzhou again, I'm afraid he is one of these fallen sons, not to mention giving alms to others, he has to rely on people to give alms.
So I was right in front of the bed, looking at the moonlight outside the window in a daze. In fact, the poet does not look at the moonlight, because the moonlight on the ground is not a beautiful scenery.
Li Bai looked at it and thought, his mood was like being beaten by frost, a little low. He just kept watching in a daze, I don't know how long he looked at it, it seemed that he actually saw the moonlight as white frost on the ground, which was really "who knows the confusion of the heart, look at Zhu Kuchengbi".
Fortunately, Li Bai is not a student, but a ranger. The difference between rangers and students is that rangers always have a way, and the mix is the jianghu.
The moonlight was like frost, which made Li Bai wake up, and after a night of meditation, Li Bai was full of confidence and determined a new goal in life.
After more than a year of time and 300,000 gold squandered, Li Bai set off from Yangzhou with the remaining travel expenses and continued to move forward.
"Quiet Night" The moonlight of Yangzhou, the spiritual baptism of the ranger poet Li Bai, a new starting point at the age of 26, illuminating the new glory of life
I am born to be useful, and I will come back when all the money is gone.
727 AD (15th year of the new century). Li Bai married Bai Fumei (Li Bai's original match was Xu Shi, the granddaughter of Emperor Gaozong of Tang's chancellor Xu Yuanshi, and his successor was the granddaughter of Emperor Chuke of Tang Gaozong's reign), and reached the peak of his life.
Li Bai drank wine and wrote poetry, and traveled the world magnificently, which can be described as dashing. Everywhere you go, you leave footprints and pride, and you also leave a poem. Judging from Li Bai's poems, he had come to Yangzhou at least three times.
1. Li Bai was only 26 years old when he first came to Yangzhou, and he lived there for nearly a year. He was young and vigorous, and he was a hero and a righteous man. According to his own words: "In the past, when you traveled to Weiyang in the east, within a year, you scattered more than 300,000 gold, and there were fallen sons, and everything was done."
As a result, he made many friends in Yangzhou, and poetry and wine lingered. Just when he said goodbye to his friends in Yangzhou, he drunkenly wrote down the "Farewell to Guangling": "When you are happy to leave each other, why should you be drunk and look goodbye." Soon, Li Bai met Meng Haoran, who was famous for his poetry, in Jiangxia (Hankou). The 40-year-old Brother Meng was going to Guangling, and Li Bai sent him off at the Yellow Crane Tower, writing down a song that has been sung for eternity: "The old man resigned from the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March."
The lone sail is far away in the blue sky, only to see the yangtze river skyline. Li Bai's deep affection for Meng Haoran has achieved "ancient li sentences" and also allowed Yangzhou people to get a spiritual wealth.
2. Li Bai was more than 40 years old when he came back to Yangzhou. In 747 (the sixth year of Tianbao), Li Bai was 47 years old. He spent the Spring Festival in Yangzhou, Suzhou, Huai'an, Anyi (Baoying) and other places. During this period, he wrote "Farewell to the Princes of Guangling" and left a record of his trip.
Li Bai is good at roaming, so he leaves more poems. Farewell is different from sending farewell, sending farewell is the person who does not distinguish himself, and leaving farewell is the other person. "Farewell to the Princes of Guangling" is the poet's review and reflection on his own life course after his political frustration, from the naïve and wild self-confidence of the teenager, to the self-sufficiency of the middle-aged Saint Ming, to the self-sufficiency of keeping the true cultivation after leaving his post and returning home, and finally the drunkenness and madness, the self-indulgence of the landscape, showing the poet's disgust with politics and the pursuit of freedom.
3. At the age of 53, Li Bai came to Yangzhou for the third time. Autumn of 753 (the twelfth year of Tianbao). He said in the "Reward Cui Shu Yu": "Yan Ling did not travel from ten thousand rides, but returned to the Wokong Mountain to fish for blue streams." Since being a guest star resigned from the throne, Yuan Fei was too white to drunk Yangzhou. "His mentality is no longer what he was when he was young.
This time in Yangzhou, Li Bai got to know one person, that is, the young poet Wei Wan. The wild and conceited Wei Wan's admiration and following of Li Bai is deeply moving.
In order to visit Li Bai, he actually followed his trail for three thousand miles, and finally met in Yangzhou. Wei Wan's portrayal of Li Bai is that his eyes are bright, like a hungry tiger, or a belt of time, and the wind flows. "Two madmen, one old and one young, formed a year-old and a yearless reunion in Yangzhou, achieving a good story in the poetry world. Li Bai even entrusted the anthology to Wei Wan together with his son, and later the two went to Jinling (Nanjing) together, and Li Bai actually wrote a 120-sentence "Sending Wang Wushan Man Wei Wan Back to the King's House", which shows the depth of mutual understanding.
"Sending Wang Wu Shan Man Wei Wan back to Wang Wu" is a long poem created by Li Bai, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, writing that Wei Wan traveled all over the place, traced Li Bai into Zhejiang, traveled to Shimen without encountering, returned to Guangling to meet Li Bai, and Li Bai wrote a poem describing his travels and giving them to each other. This poem introduces the style of Wei Wanchao's extraordinary birth and love of ancient and good travel, and expresses the author's nostalgia and regret for his friends. The whole poem describes the gods, the image is vivid, although it is written that Wei Wanli visited Li Bai and experienced the magnificence of the Wuyue landscape along the way, in fact, it is a true record of Li Bai's own lifelong mountaineering and water, which can be seen as a masterpiece of landscape.
Yangzhou Daming Temple Qiling Pagoda
I don't know which time, Li Bai once climbed the QiLing Pagoda of Daming Temple in Yangzhou and wrote "Autumn Day Dengyang Qiling Pagoda". The verse is magnificent and extremely gorgeous: "The pagoda soars over the sky, climbing and climbing the four wildernesses." The top high yuan qi is combined, marking the length of the sea cloud. Vientiane divides the boundary, and three days to draw beams. The water shakes the golden brake, and the sun moves the fire pearl. Birds whisk the eaves, and xialian embroidery arches. The eyes follow the march and the road is broken, and the heart goes to sail. Dew washed sycamore white, frost induced orange grapefruit yellow. Jade is visible, and here is the fan. ”
Even if the poet Li Bai is not in Yangzhou, he expresses his deep feelings for Yangzhou in his poems.
In 754 (the thirteenth year of Tianbao), Li Bai revisited Qiupu (present-day Guichixi, Anhui). The first of the group poems "Seventeen Songs of Qiupu" reads: "Send words to the river, Ruyi remembers Nong? A tear was passed from afar, for me to reach Yangzhou. "The deep feelings are evident.
The footprints and poems that Li Bai left in Yangzhou not only illustrate the significance of Yangzhou to Li Bai, but also to a large extent explain the significance of Yangzhou to Li Bai's time.
Now it seems that Li Bai can be said to be a symbol with typical meaning. The distribution of china's famous cities, scenic spots, famous mountains, famous rivers, etc., that is, today's so-called tourism resources, is mutually corroborated by his footprints.
With today's flow of people, logistics, information flow and the like, Yangzhou has become a must for famous literati, including Li Bai, and the place where it must go is undoubtedly a huge attraction stemming from yangzhou's history, culture and economy.