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At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the sea was forbidden, and in the tenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1671), the monks migrated to Ningbo, Cixi and other places. In the fourteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the homeless people caught fire, the Putuo Temple burned down, and the Yu Nunnery was abandoned. The third decline of Putuoshan Buddhism. Kangxi for twenty-three years to relax the sea ban, monks returned to the mountain. Thirty-eight years after the Kangxi Dynasty, Putuo Mountain once again ushered in an unprecedented prosperity.
With the development of Buddhist activities and the restoration of the whole mountain nunnery, the number of incense tourists increased rapidly, and the cultivation and production of "Cloud Mist Buddha Tea" soon resumed, and in the twelfth year of Yongzheng (1734), Lu Tingcang wrote the "Continuation Tea Sutra" quoting the "Putuo Mountain Chronicle": "It is better to have the top of Baihua Rock (tea) than to the top of Baihua Rock." In the twelfth year of Daoguang (1832), Qin Yao once wrote in one of the volumes of the "Reconstruction of the Putuo Mountain Chronicle of the South China Sea", "Shape Victory" Yun: "The Tea Mountain, after the top of Baihua, from the north to the west, is the most extensive. In the middle of the stream, the mountain produces tea tea; monks pick it before the rain in the valley for use, which can cure pulmonary carbuncle and blood diarrhea. "Don't say Materia Medica" says that tea "cures the wounds and heat, and the vinegar is very effective in treating diarrhea." ”
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For the Putuo Mountain Tea Affair and Tea Culture of the Qing Dynasty, in addition to the hundreds of acres of tea gardens that have survived now, there are also many poems of Yong Tea and tea sets inherited from various temples, among which the poems include Qiu Lian, editor-in-chief of Qing Kangxi's "Nanhai Putuo Mountain Chronicle", "Over the New Composition of the Master of the New Composition of the Mountain with the Gift of the Mountain Essence": "I have a good temperament, and the face of the mountain is Jinglu. The old incense of the new furnace is harmonious, and the flower and spring are more than enough. Shi Minxian's "Tea Mountain Dreaming Fog": "Thick and faint hidden rock niches, heavy as condensed clouds and light as lan." Divide the Sundanese lang diligently and boil, and do not let the tongue lose the residual sweetness. His poem "Ashram Tea Smoke": "Counting rafters skillfully constructs the mountain yin, boiling tea frequently simmering and folding the foot bell." Seven bowls of excitement are still outstanding, and the breeze is light and smokey. The so-called "seven bowls of xingnong are still not exhausted", which is a reference to the Tang Dynasty's so-called "tea idiot" Lu Tong's poem "Walking Pen Xie Mengzhi To Send New Tea": "... Chai men are not vulgar, and the yarn hat dragon head is fried and eaten. The blue clouds blow continuously, and the white flowers float and condense the bowl noodles. A bowl of throat kisses. Two bowls of broken and lonely. Three bowls of dry intestines, only five thousand volumes of writing. Four bowls of light sweat, ordinary things scattered to the pores. Five bowls of muscle bone clearing. Six bowls of fairy spirits. Seven bowls can't eat it, only to feel that the two armpits are used to the breeze! ”
During the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, Shi Shibiao, the commander-in-chief of Dinghai, accompanied Qin Cha to the mountain to offer incense, and inscribed the poem "Ashram Tea Smoke": "Do not raise Buddha flowers, help the spring to collect all kinds of flowers." Over the years, more fragrant mountain generations, small courtyard smoke and tea during the day. He also titled the poem "Tea Mountain Dreaming Fog": "It is difficult to distinguish the flowers in the fog, and the Buddha Cave recognizes camellia." Gao Ke Da Lei he nian, do not enter the red dust with tribute. ”
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The author once saw an article saying that Putuoshan Buddha tea as a tribute began in the Guangxu period, but it can be proved from the above poems that as early as the Kangxi period, Putuoshan Buddha tea has been offered as a tribute to the imperial court, Shi Shibiao (1667-1721) was Shi Lang's son, in his early years with his father to recover Taiwan, with merit to zuo du du, granted Shandong Jinan counselor general, moved to Dinghai (present-day Zhoushan) general, Kangxi forty-seven years to Guangdong viceroy, Kangxi fifty-one years transferred to Fujian admiralty, died in Kangxi sixty years (1721). His poem "Tea Mountain Dreams" says that Putuo Buddha tea "does not enter the red dust and attaches tribute to the vessel", indicating that during the Kangxi Dynasty, Buddha tea had been listed as a tribute tea.
In addition, the poem inscribed "Guanyin Lingya" in Putuo still has The Qing Zhusheng Xie Jingchang's "You Putuo": "LanZhou peeps into the mirage cave, and the ming bowl talks about the monks and monks." Qing Ding Hai Wang Qing Nian "You Supplemental Tuo": "... The mountain monk led me into Songliao, and Songfeng Town listened to Xiao Xiao every day. Where the roasted tea is perched, there is a famous flower fragrance of the Six Dynasties. ”
Qing Fujian Zhangpu Hong Chen Bin "Huan Chao Gong" Yun: "The old chant picks the lamp to read, and the new tea is cooked in the rain." His Mei'an poem: "... Pots and stones rise from a thousand peaks, tea smoke phantom five colors. Wonders and wonders, good to talk about drama. Liang Shizheng, a scholar of Qingyongzheng University, wrote in "The Sixty-Year-Old Life of the Monk of Menglan": "... Treasure palm why interpret the nails, chrysanthemum bushes opposite the dragon buds. ”
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During the Qianlong period, Putuo Buddha tea continued the function of offering Buddhas to guests. At that time, Wang Shishen, who was known as the "Tea Immortal", once wrote a famous poem "Xiaobaihua Mountain Tea": "I used to travel across the sea in the east, the waves were rough and indescribable, a mountain was lonely out of the fish room, and the four-hour god hurricane shook the peak of danger." There are trees at the top of the peak, and the roots of Qu Gan are lying in the clouds. In the spring, the leaves are like gun flags, and the baskets are picked up toward the dew. I am in the middle of the boat, and the east wind is fragrant. Climbing to find the roasted tea place, the ancient cave cloud nest opened the bamboo door. The old monk sat me down a few times, and from the near wind furnace to fry the stone. The bowl of light flowers has a different spring, and the tongue of Jinjin is cool and fragrant. After ten years of glance back, Qing Ou often remembers Fang Fresh, his teeth are shaking and white, and the grass hall is lonely and fragrant. "Wang Shishen (1686-1759), character near people, number Chaolin, Qing Dynasty famous painter, calligrapher, one of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou", Anhui Xiuning people, living in Yangzhou. From the third year of Qianlong (1738) to the fourth year, he traveled to Vietnam twice, crossing the Qiantang River, viewing Zhejiang Tao, Gurudwara Cao'e Temple, and climbing Xiaobaihua (Putuo Mountain). In the nineteenth year of Qianlong, he bought a cottage in the northern city of Yangzhou, painted poems with his friend Li E, and tasted tea and discussed the Tao. Li Hu has "Dayuan Shangren Hui Laver, Supplemental Tea, using the "Valley Collection" to eat bamboo shoot rhymes": "... Take and fast, do not be injured. Thunder waiting for Shi Ding, eternal and unforgettable. Accompanied by Meiling Spring, Song Tao washes the rest of the soup. Jing Chunfu has been harvested, and Hongxue (Tea Saint Lu Yu) has not been harvested. ”
In the light of the Qing Dynasty, Zhu Defeng, a famous scholar in Qiantang, had a poem "Tea Mountain": "... The scenery of The Tea Mountain is like a fairy home, full of trees and corals scattered with purple xia. At the beginning of the Republic of China, Master Taixu had the third song of the Eight Songs of Supplementary Zen Guan Manxing: "... Half of the wall of books is even pitted, full of pots of ice and snow resistant to frying. Tai Xuan "Reading the Seven Rhymes of the Yushan Thousand Steps Sand Evening View Poem": "The realm is better than the vulgar, and the spring can be boiled for tea." Tai Xuan", "New Sand Field" poem: "Consume a cup of tea flavored water, fluttering the cane city back." In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Zhang Ruzhao, a young talented woman on Yongshang, gave "Putuo Mountain Jiyou": "... Qin I Daigo washed the vulgar intestines, and the mountain fruit piled up with smoke and mist. After twenty years on earth, I began to taste the taste of things today. There is a Clear Pond in the corner of the monk's house, known as the first qi in eastern Zhejiang, and the green wave is personally cooked by the fire, and the drink can forget the thirst and hunger. ”
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From the Kangxi Dynasty to the end of Guangxu, Putuo Mountain Yunwu Buddha Tea has always been a tribute, and in the four years of the Republic of China, Yunwu Buddha Tea won the second prize at the Panama International Exposition.
In recent years, since the resumption of production of Buddha tea, the existing tea garden base of more than 500 acres, the annual output of More than 5,000 kilograms of Buddha tea, won the praise of tea lovers and tea circles at home and abroad, in 1979, 1981 Putuo Mountain Buddha Tea won the title of Zhejiang Famous Tea, one of the eight famous teas in Zhejiang at that time; in 1984 won the "New, Excellent, Famous, Special" Product Golden Eagle Award in Zhejiang Province; in 1998 won the "Chinese Culture Famous Tea" Silver Award; in 2001 won the Zhejiang Province "Huiji Cup" Fine Tea Exhibition Gold Award; in 2001 was rated " China International Agricultural Exposition Famous Brand Products"; in 2002, it won the "Gold Award of China Fine Tea Expo".
In the past thousand years, Putuo Mountain's inscriptions and poems about "Guanyin Lingya" and "Cloud Mist Buddha Tea" praise Khan Niu Chongdong, each Yongcha poem, each tea set, has its own unique connotation and historical and cultural background, such as the poem often written about "stone bell", "shiding", etc., is actually a kind of pottery three-legged cooking vessel, Yuan Dynasty poet Liu Jie has "I drink the white jade spring in the sky, the stone bell dragon head three-legged stability" verse; the "bamboo stove" mentioned in the poem, also known as "bitter festival jun", "fragrant bamboo wind stove", It is a kind of square sencha wind stove made of fine moso bamboo, which is rubbed with high-temperature resistant clay to prevent burning, and "Bitter Festival Jun" is its elegant name, which is "although it is burned by fire every day, it is still able to keep itself with its chastity and elegance", etc., which need to be further studied.
Source: Zhoushan Government Portal, China
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