【Article/Observer Network Columnist Guo Xuegong】
Recently, "My Father and Me" performed well in the National Day file. Among them, the first chapter, "Riding the Wind", has attracted a lot of attention.
The Jizhong Cavalry Regiment, Ma Renxing and Ma Chengfeng father and son told in "Riding the Wind" really exist in history, but the history is far more tragic than the movie. In the "May Day" anti-"sweep", the 4 units of the cavalry regiment were scattered and 3 units, 3 of the 6 regimental cadres were killed, and the 1200 cavalry regiment only had 300 people left.
Ma Renxing was then the commander of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment (i.e. the Jizhong Cavalry Regiment) of the Jizhong Military Region of the Eighth Route Army, and later served as the commander of the 1st Division of the 1st Division of the Western Manchurian Column (later renamed the 7th Column 19th Division of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army). In June 1947, he died on the front line of the Siping Offensive, the highest general of our army who died in the Siping Campaign.
His son Ma Rode the Wind and was a traffic staff officer of the Cavalry Regiment of the Eighth Route Army. Ma Chengfeng participated in several battles against Japan and was very disgusted with the Kuomintang's civil war mentality. Later, he went to the children's class of senior cadres of the Kuomintang Army at the first branch of the Kang University to study. He was with the Eighth Route Army, taking political and military classes every day, or conducting field exercises, and many of the confusions in his heart had answers.
After graduating, Ma Chengfeng returned to the 14th Brigade, and soon revolted with the 28th Regiment, finally fulfilling his wish to return to the Eighth Route Army. In early June 1942, he died on the banks of the Lilong River in Baoxu Town, LiXian County, Hebei Province.
In "Riding the Wind", Ma Chengfeng, played by Wu Lei
"This gang of soldiers is not simple, and they have broken up party members and taken the initiative to stand up!"
The Jizhong Cavalry Regiment, established on August 15, 1940, with the real nickname of "Jin-Cha-Ji Cavalry Independent 2nd Regiment", is a mobile combat unit of the Jizhong Military Region.
This unit was established on the banks of the Yishui River in Yi County, Hebei Province. The 28th Cavalry Regiment of the Revolted Kuomintang Army and the Cavalry of the Eighth Route Army were "merged into one place", and the first regimental commander was Ma Renxing. His son Ma Chengfeng graduated from the First Branch of kang da da and was appointed by his superiors as a regimental traffic staff officer.
The cavalry regiment was reorganized twice, initially as a large regiment with 3 battalions. Later, it was reorganized into a small regiment with jurisdiction over 6 companies. After the reorganization, the whole regiment had more than 1200 people, 1300 horses, more than 700 Czech rifles and carbines, 20 light machine guns, and 2 mortars.
Battalion commanders and instructors served as company cadres. Cadres above the company level are equipped with shell guns, platoon leaders are equipped with "Czech style", and squad leaders are equipped with "portable type". The company is equipped with uniform caliber "Czech", "Seven-Nine", "Sleeve" rifles and carbines. 1 company was equipped with 82 mortar platoons, each company was equipped with 4 machine guns and 20 sabre. According to the color of the horse, it is divided into white horse company, red horse company and black horse company.
The cavalry regiment was first-rate in equipment in the Eighth Route Army. As a mobile combat unit in the hands of the Jizhong Military Region, Commander Lu Zhengcao summarized its tasks as follows:
It combines reconnaissance, vigilance, and intelligence transmission, and adopts rushing and roundabout tactics to attack the enemy. At the same time, it completes the transportation, transportation and other tasks entrusted by the military region.
The cavalry regiment is highly capable of dealing with emergencies. Wu Tianzeng was a guard of Commander Lü, and he repeatedly mentioned that the cavalry regiment used the squad as a unit to blitz The county towns occupied by the Japanese army from time to time, such as Xianxian County, Renqiu, and Lixian County, and never made a mistake.
During the "May Day" anti-"sweep", Commander Lü Zhengcao encountered several lost soldiers of the cavalry regiment on the embankment of the Wuqiang River, and was led by a deputy squad leader to fight a guerrilla attack. He praised: "This gang of soldiers is not simple, they have scattered party members to take the initiative to stand up and fight guerrillas with the devils, which is very remarkable!" ”
Similarly, several fighters of 2 companies and 2 platoons came out and abandoned their horses to fight a guerrilla war. A platoon leader and 4 soldiers of the 3rd Company joined the ranks of the 22nd Regiment in Jizhong after they were separated and participated in the famous Battle of Songzhuang.
The scattered commanders and fighters of the cavalry regiment scattered but not chaotically, scattered and reunited, and formed a burning trend on the land of Jizhong like a spark of stars.
Ma Renxing (1946)
Today's military fans divide cavalry into "infantry" and "horse cavalry". Before the "May Day" anti-"sweep", the combat method of the Jizhong Cavalry Regiment was mainly "infantry and cavalry". The cavalry regiment attacked Anping County at night, which created an example of the Eighth Route Army cavalry unit attacking the city alone.
At that time, after many blows, the Japanese army shrank its stronghold, and only conquered the stronghold that deterred the enemy, and forced the enemy to withdraw its troops. Therefore, Ma Renxing planned to attack the county seat of Anping.
The city wall of Anping County was demolished by anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians in 1938, but the ruins of the city wall can be used as a defensive support from above. There were about 40 Japanese reinforcement squads in the city, gathered in bunkers in the north of the city, surrounded by trenches and barbed wire. There were also more than 150 puppet troops and more than 40 local militia groups.
The Eighth Route Army had neither a weapon to attack the stronghold nor the experience of attacking the city, and the fortification of the city was unimaginable, and the cavalry regiment insisted on turning the impossible into reality. They pretended to attack the west and attacked the east, and the inside and outside sides jointly broke the city, and the enemy who was supported by the north of the Bing Cao stronghold was blocked in the south of the city.
In this battle, we did not suffer any casualties, killing and wounding one and a half squadrons of the puppet army, capturing more than 80 puppet soldiers and puppet employees, and rescuing more than 500 anti-Japanese personnel and civilians. A congratulatory telegram was sent from Yan'an, and the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region issued a commendation. Lu Zhengcao praised the operation as a "relatively prominent example of success."
"Water Margin" has "Three Dozen Zhujiazhuang", and the cavalry regiment interprets "Three Dozen Huailin Zhuang" (now Datong New Village, Anping County).
Huailinzhuang is 3.8 kilometers away from the county seat of Anping County, and is the throat of the Anping (Ping) Deep (County) Highway. The stronghold is very special, five stories high, and the surrounding area is tens of miles away. The upper circle below, the traffic vehicles can only pass through the bottom floor of the stronghold, and the similar "road protection building" in Jizhong is the only example.
The cavalry regiment failed in its first night attack on Huailinzhuang. In the second attack, the "earth tank" was supported by a wooden frame and covered with multiple layers of wet quilts. Because the "earth tank" was too bulky and difficult to move, the attack lost again.
During the 3rd attack, 10 "earth tanks" loaded with wheels were dispatched at the same time, the enemy machine rifles were firing wildly, the commander of the horse regiment ordered the concentrated fire to block the enemy shooting holes, and the flexible "earth tanks" quickly approached the bunkers. Commandos rushed near their strongholds and dropped grenades and packages of explosives wrapped in lime. In this way, there were 80 or 90 puppet troops in the stronghold, more than 30 people were captured, and more than 60 people were killed. A small group of Japanese troops was killed and wounded more than half, hid in the broken bricks and tiles and stubbornly resisted, and was later picked up by the enemy reinforcements in Anping.
The cavalry regiment is not only the main force of our army's transportation, but also the enemy's transportation "nemesis". They transported weapons, ammunition, food, clothing, medicine, money, rails, etc. In 1940, on the four transport lines that were opened, the cover grain convoy transported more than 1.9 million catties of grain into the mountains. In 1941, 2 companies transported 3,000 sets of single military uniforms, 6,000 grenades, and 3,000 white cloths.
Lifting up the transport of feng steel (a tool steel with high hardness, high wear resistance and high heat resistance), company commander Zhang Qingcheng said that it is not easy to get the feng steel out of the enemy-occupied area, and the soldiers used leggings to tie the 1 meter long and 5 cm square sharp steel, and the right shoulder was on the left oblique back, and the back was ground out of blood. When the warrior Xu Hehua sacrificed, he embraced the fenggang in his arms, and he could not break it open, and the roots of the 5 tons of fenggang were stained with the blood and sweat of the warriors.
On the 30th day of the 1941 month, the Red Horse Company stayed up on the side of the road for a whole night, and on the second day, escorted the coin carrier through the railway in the heavy snow of goose feathers. They also escorted leaders of the Military Region, the Central Inspection Mission, the Anti-War Alliance Branch of Jizhong Municipality, and Tianjin Municipal Democrats to and from the Jin-Cha-Ji and Ji-Central base areas on many occasions.
The famous writer Sun Li described the cavalry regiment of that year in the masterpiece "Xiao Sheng'er": "There is a cavalry regiment in Ji. This was the first cavalry of the Eighth Route Army in North China, a fresh contingent, and immediately became the signature of the troops. Commenting on this contingent, the commander of the Jizhong Military Region said: "The cavalry regiment of the Jizhong Military Region shoulders a special mission and has established immortal merits in the anti-'sweeping' campaign. ”
Let the Japanese puppet army be discouraged
During the anti-"sweeping" campaign, Ma Renxing was given a second assignment, and Commander Lü Zhengcao handed him a Japanese newspaper with rumors that the cavalry regiment had been eliminated by the Japanese many times, and in fact the cavalry regiment was a headache and a chill for the Japanese army.
During the "May Day" anti-"sweep", the Jizhong cavalry regiment fought against the Japanese puppet army in the form of "horse cavalry". This is very demanding for the rider and very difficult.
At that time, the cavalry regiment encountered a Japanese puppet army of 500 or 600 people in the area east of the village of Zhangshi in Wei County. The vanguard platoon launched an attack on the enemy first, and the horse armed with a saber, rushed to the enemy's vanguard and flank attacking horses, and the enemy formation was suddenly chaotic.
Ma Renxing commanded the second wave of troops to rush over, and the machine rifles fired fiercely, launching another attack on the enemy's flanks. The enemy was completely stunned, and the 3rd Eighth Route Cavalry rushed over, which was the rear guard led by Ma Renxing's brother Pan Hongfei. He trained professionally in equestrianism at the Kuomintang Central Military Academy. In the melee, he slashed left and right, and the Japanese puppet army under the knife did not survive.
Li Jian, a member of the district squad, described the situation when the cavalry regiment broke through in "The May Day Anti-Sweep in Jizhong":
"A cavalry of our army, fifty or sixty warhorses, is tearing up with the devil's cavalry. The devils shouted loudly and chased after our cavalry, and four or five planes in the sky took turns to drop bombs and strafe. The sound of gunfire and explosions was so loud that our cavalry seemed to be in danger. Just at this moment, I saw a dozen or so warhorses of our cavalry suddenly strangle their horses, brandish their war knives, turn around and shout, and rush towards the enemy group. Like Zhao Zilong of Nagasaka Slope, he killed with the devil. There are few devil's cavalrymen, my cavalry kills two or three, guns and knives are slashed, and in the blink of an eye, the devil's cavalry is knocked down by more than 10 times, some devils are knocked off their horses, and some even bring horses to come to an 'upside-down onion'. The two armies fought together, and the devil's plane also failed. In this battle, our cavalry showed particular bravery, and in the case of a strong enemy and a weak enemy, they gave play to the brave spirit of our cavalry 'running a horse and slipping smoke, charging like an arrow, shining with a cold sword, and being brave and mighty', and engaged in a deadly battle with the devils. ”
In the movie "Ride the Wind", there is a scene of a cavalry hitting a plane. The famous writer Wang Lin recounted in May 1943 the story of a cavalry regiment and a Japanese aircraft "fighting":
The cavalry regiment was scattered by three cavalrymen, and two Japanese planes, circling for half a day. The enemy planes searched for them like mad dogs, and when they found the three of them, they stared at them and refused to let go. Circle around them crossed, humming madly. A few bombs landed on his neck, one side of the wing, and a burst of strafing. But our 3 cavalry comrades sometimes galloped a few steps, sometimes lay down, and sometimes raised their guns to fire back a few times. The bomb exploded next to them, and the machine gun fire bubbled up the dust around them, but they did not hurt a single hair and rushed into the fruit grove. ”
The scene of the cavalry fighting the planes in Ride the Wind
The "horse cavalry" of the Jizhong cavalry regiment has a strong combat strength. At the beginning of its establishment, Ma Renxing was determined to build an elite division that was recruited by the Japanese cavalry on horseback, requiring the troops to master the skills of immediate killing and shooting, with rapid pursuit, strong impact, explosive power and lasting endurance. He also organized soldiers with good riding skills and special skills into "special detachments" to teach reconnaissance, communications, blasting, sappers, obstacle setting and other professional techniques to train the top to build combat blades.
Bian Qiao was originally a staff officer of the Jizhong Cavalry Regiment, and after arriving at the Ji'nan Cavalry Regiment, he was a stunt "Big Na" on horseback. When talking about the Jizhong Cavalry Regiment, his evaluation was: "The Jizhong Cavalry Regiment is very good in technology and brave, but unfortunately it has suffered great losses in the 'Great Sweep'. ”
Fish are deeply affectionate
In "Riding the Wind", the scene where Ma Chengfeng sacrificed to cover the masses made many viewers cry. This portrays the flesh-and-blood relationship between the cavalry regiment and the masses of the people, and restores the original face of history.
The real situation of Ma Chengfeng's sacrifice is as follows: In early June 1942, Ma Chengfeng broke through to yechen Zuo Village, Baoxu Town, Lixian County, and was suddenly stopped by Japanese pre-ambush machine guns. The war horse was hit, and the horse returned fire on the horse's back with the wind, covering the transfer of comrades and sacrificing heroically. Eight comrades were killed in the battle, and the local people helped bury the martyrs that night.
During the anti-"sweeping", Ma Renxing led his troops to pass through Baoxu Town in Lixian County many times, and the military situation was urgent, and he could not go to his son's tomb to take a look, which also became his lifelong regret. After the sacrifice of his son, Ma Renxing pressed a stone in his heart: How to confess to his wife Dongda Ai? Until he died, the stone could not be put down. DongDa Ai tried to find her son's tomb, but could not find it, and she left this world with regret.
Ma Renxing's family photo (circa 1936)
From left: the eldest daughter Ma Cunge (died of illness in Luohe in 1938), Dongda Ai embraced the second daughter Ma Ruige, Ma Renxing touched the second son Ma Yinshen, and the eldest son Ma Chengfeng (sacrificed in 1942 in Jizhong "May Day" anti-"sweep").
Li Jian, former head of the transportation section of the Central Hebei Military Region, has been acting with Ma Renxing during the "May Day" anti-"sweep." Based on the clues he provided in the book "Flames in the Sky", the author found what the common people called the "White Horse Company Martyrs' Tomb" on the west side of Yechen Zuo Village in Baoxu Town, Lixian County, and after interviewing 96-year-old villagers, it was confirmed that there were indeed 8 martyrs who died during the breakthrough of the 4th Company of the Cavalry Regiment. To this day, the "White Horse Lianba Martyrs Tomb" still stands in the green trees on the banks of the Liulong River.
In the autumn of 1941, after the waterlogging in raoyang, the ground panel cracked. The cavalry regiment, which was resting near Wangjiazhuang Village in Chengwei Town, Boye County, immediately headed to Raoyang Kongcheng Village and Hebo Village. While monitoring the enemy in Raoyang County, the armed forces sent troops and horses to help the people plant wheat in autumn.
Among the soldiers, more land has been planted, and few have supported the plough, and the military horses will not pull the plough. These crop boys have far-reaching roots, people will not help the plough to learn, horses will not pull the plough to train, and before the festival to finish planting wheat.
The cavalry regiment fought hard for the common people, and the common people gave their lives for the cavalry regiment. More than a dozen ordinary people in Dafengying Village lost their lives to protect their war horses. The enemy repeatedly raided Geng Village in Shenxian County, Wuqiang Shawa and nearby villages, and tried every means to find the scattered personnel and warhorses of the cavalry regiment, and the surrounding villagers suffered heavy losses for this.
Eight tombs standing on the banks of the River
The enemy gathered the villagers of Geng Village, tortured them one by one to inquire about the whereabouts of the cavalry regiment, stripped the villagers of their clothes, and lit window paper and hay in their crotches.
Thirty villagers in Zhoubao Village were brutally killed, and more than 10 surrounding villages were repeatedly looted. The cadres of the cavalry regiment were hidden in the tunnels of Wang Jinggui in Zhoubao Village, and Feng Yinquan, a staff officer of the cavalry regiment, was recuperating in Beixi Village, and there were wounded members of the cavalry regiment in the surrounding villages. Li Zhiyi, director of the Armed Forces Committee of Beixiaoying Village in Shenxian County, helped Wang Fuzeng change into plain clothes and keep the military uniform and the maps, documents, and official seals he carried with him.
A cavalry fell wounded in the Zhao Tomb Cypress Forest, and the villager Wang Ren hid the wounded in the wheat field and delivered food every day.
In the most difficult environment, the military and civilians in Hebei and China are interdependent and encourage each other. The reason why the Jizhong cavalry regiment dispersed and reunited the soul of the army is eternally because fighting for the people of Jizhong is the source of strength!
Later, the heroic unit was abolished and the remnants were downsized into a cavalry battalion of the Southward Detachment. In September 1943, it was again reduced to a cavalry company and incorporated into the Cavalry Regiment of the 4th Division of Jiluyu (formerly known as the Cavalry Regiment of the 129th Division, later changed to the Ji'nan Cavalry Regiment). To this day, it is still in the sequence of the People's Liberation Army.
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