Li Fuda was a native of Dai Prefecture (now formerly PingShi), a native of Dai Prefecture, Shanxi, whose family had studied the White Lotus Sect for generations, and who had personally commanded three anti-Ming uprisings of the White Lotus Sect. However, after escaping with his life, he finally realized that if he wanted to succeed in the uprising, he needed to know himself and know the other, so he befriended Guo Ying's descendant Guo Xundi, the Marquis of Wuding. Although he was censored many times by his fellow courtiers, he became an increasingly important official and became the commander of Yiwei. Later, Li Fuda's uncle, brother, son, and disciple led several uprisings, and Li Fuda secretly helped as a commander. However, these Jiajing did not believe it, and almost all the officials who sued Li Fuda were framed to death. And these people are all people who oppose themselves in the "Great Etiquette" dispute. Subsequently, all those who were framed and killed and dismissed were rehabilitated by Xu Jie, Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng, and others. Today, let's talk about it.
Jiajing
1. Guo Xun's art of immortality
As a descendant of the founding father Guo Ying, Guo Xun, the Marquis of Wuding, has been a brocade since he was a child, and he is very happy with the beauty of the world, so he especially wants to live forever. In order to achieve his goal, he visited gaoren.
One day, the great monk Zhimi led a man to see Guo Xun. According to Zhimi, this public surname is Zhang Mingyin, who is highly skilled in martial arts, quite strategic, and also knows the art of yellow and white, and has the ability to live forever.
Zhang Yin looked at Guo Xun and taught him some kung fu. It turned out that the Chimi monk of Baoguo Temple once taught Guo Xun a set of kung fu in order to strengthen his body, although Guo Xun was a descendant of Guo Ying, but this person especially liked culture, often accompanied by literati, and often wandered around in the flower street Liu Lane, so his health was not good. However, the kung fu of the Zhimi monk was too difficult and took a long time, so Guo Xun did not want to practice for a long time after practicing. There is also a saying that chimi monks teach yoga, pay attention to breathing, quiet, how can people like Guo Xun bear it.
After his good friend Zhang Yin arrived, he discussed with Zhang Yin how to gain Guo Xun's trust overnight. Zhang Yin listened to the introduction of the wise monk and just looked at Guo Xun's appearance, so he taught him a set of kung fu to strengthen his body, which was simple and easy to learn. Guo Xun practiced for a long time, and he really felt refreshed. At the same time, Zhang Yin sent some Dan medicine to Guo Xun, and Guo Xun was even more energetic when he ate it.
Guo Xun became increasingly trusting of Li Fuda, so he introduced him to other princes, and as a result, in the early years of Jiajing, he donated a commander of Taiyuan Wei in Shanxi.
Zhang Xuan
2. Zhang Yin is Li Fuda
In the fifth year of Jiajing (1527), a man named Xue Liang met Zhang Yin, and at a glance, he saw that this person was Li Fuda, the leader of the White Lotus Sect who had rebelled three times. Originally, during the Zhengde period, Li Fuda, together with his brothers Jieyi, Wang (Li) Liang, Li Yu, He Wenda, xue Liang, and others, led a rebellion, and after his defeat, he was sent to Shandanwei (Shandan County, Zhangye, Gansu) to charge the army.
At Shandanwei, Li Fu reached the top of the line, took advantage of the opportunity to escape from the jurisdiction, changed his name to Li Wu, and as a result, was captured by the Qing army Yushi (Yushi who specialized in cleaning up military status and deserting soldiers) and sent to Shanhaiwei (that is, Shanhaiguan) and escaped. After escaping again, Li Fuda (Li Wu) ran to Luochuan, Shaanxi Province, and once again used the White Lotus Sect as a weapon to recruit disciples.
Here he "fought with each other from near and far, with his rich and poor, those who offered thousands of dollars, those who were willing to go bankrupt, or children, or utensils, collided", and Shao Jinlu, Huiqing and others plotted rebellion. Subsequently, there was no way to flee back to Wutai Mountain, Shanxi, where the first rebellion was, and then north to Beijing.
During his time at Wutai Mountain, he used money swindled in Shaanxi to bribe the patriarch of the Zhang clan, forged a genealogy, and changed his name to Zhang Yin. After wandering around the town of Xugou in Qingxu County, Shanxi, his eldest sons Li Daren, Li Dayi, and Li Dali entered the artisan's book by bribery and went undercover in The Capital Division. During this period, the History of Ming says that he spent money to dredge up as a commander of Taiyuan Wei during this period, but there are also sources that after defecting to Guo Xun, Guo Xun helped him succeed. This article adopts the latter. The reason why he fled to Beijing was his brother He Wenda during the first rebellion.
Xue Liang first found the Shanxi Inspector Yushi Malu, who sent an inquiry letter to Guo Xun, and after Guo Xun read it, he wrote to Ma Lu hoping that he would make big things small and small things small. Ma Lu looked for people from Wutai County who had participated in the anti-Ming, and invited people from Luochuan to participate in the anti-Ming to come and see the portrait to identify, and the results proved that Li Fuda was Zhang Yin. Therefore, Ma Lu and Jiang Chao, the governor of Shanxi, impeached Guo Xun for harboring traitors.
3. Guo Xun saved him and Li Fuda with one word
Upon seeing this, Jiajing immediately ordered that Li Fuda's father and son be executed, his wife and daughter should be enslaved, and all property should be confiscated. Guo Xun wanted to play what was going on in the imperial court. Guo Xun defended Zhang Yin, but Jiajing ignored it. At this time
To the matter: Wang Ke, Zheng Yipeng, Cheng Rui, Chang Tai, Liu Qi, Zheng Zibi, Zhao Tingrui, Shen Han, Qin You, Zhang Kui, Chen Gaomo;
Yushi: Cheng Qichong, Lu Qiong, Shao Feng, Gao Shikui, Ren Chun, Nanjing Yushi Yao Mingfeng, Pan Zhuang, Qi Xiong, Wang Xian;
Commentator: Du Luan;
Liu Shi of the Punishment Department;
Principal Tang Shu
And so on demanded that Guo Xun be punished. Guo Xun's life is in danger. However, at this moment, Guo Xun's words saved Jiajing's trust in him. He said: The emperor helps! This is the revenge of the courtiers for the reason that I took the lead in supporting you in the "Great Gifts" of that year.
Jia Jing listened and was shocked in his heart. At this time, Zhang Xuan and Gui Cao, who supported Jiajing in the great ceremony, also said that this was the case now, and they wanted to kill the three of us. Don't believe it, you see, the group of courtiers will be iron-hearted to kill Wu Dinghou.
Sure enough, after Li Fu arrived at the case, all relevant links and officials sentenced Li Fuda to be delayed or beheaded, and all required Guo Xun to be jointly and severally responsible. Jia Jing looked at it and was completely angry (of course, the following paragraph was a fictional psychological description of the plot): At that time, you did not let me recognize my father and mother as my father and mother, let me recognize my uncle and aunt as my mother and mother. I have not offended you less for this, and now you are starting to operate like those who support me? What do you want to do? The opposite? Aren't you going to bleed? Well, I'll let you bleed first.
As a result, Jiajing ordered Inspector Ma Lu, Inspector Jiang Chao of Shanxi, Inspector Of Ningxia Yushi Lizhang, Inspector of Gansu Yushi Li Jue, Inspector of Gansu Yushi Li Jue, Shangshu Yan Yishou, Attendant Liu Yu and Wang Qi, Zuo Du Yushi Niexian, Du Yushi Liu Wenzhuang, Yushi Zhangrun of Youdu, Tang Mu of Dali Qing, Shaoqing Xu Wenhua and Gu You, Si Cheng Wang Yuan, and all the people on the list of people above were arrested.
Later, it was found that the university scholar Jia Yong, Du Yushi Zhang Zhongxian, the Gongbu Attendant Min Kai, the Imperial Shi Zhang Ying, the Temple Cheng Wang Yuan, and others had a private letter with Ma Lu, the Jiajing Emperor: Arrest! Jia Yong resigned from the government and left, and Zhang Zhongxian and others were imprisoned.
Later, some ministers had some questions about the case, made some complaints, and were also heard by the factory guard organization, for which they were also arrested, such as Wang Yuanxi, the grand servant Secretary, And Guanglu Shaoqing YuCai, and others.
White Lotus Sect
After severe torture and interrogation, dozens more people were arrested. ultimately:
The amnesty did not spare five people: Li Zhang, Li Jue, Zhang Lun, Ma Xuan, and Xu Wenhua, a former deputy envoy of Shanxi who moved to Dali Shaoqing.
Seven who are the defenders: Liu Qi, Zhang Kui, Chang Tai, Lu Qiong, Cheng Qichong, Liu Shi and Zhizhou Hu Wei.
He was relegated to eleven people: Nie Xian, Wang Ke, Zheng Yipeng, Qin You, Shen Han, Cheng Ruan, Gao Shikui, Ren Chun, Yao Mingfeng, Sima Xiang, and Du Luan.
Seventeen official positions: YiShou, Liu Yu, Wang Qi, Han Chao, Liu Wenzhuang, Tang Mu, Gu Qibi, Wang Yuan, Wang Yuanxi, Yu Cai, Min Kai, Zhang Zhongxian, Zhang Run, Zhang Ying, Pan Zhuang, Qi Xiong, and the former Dali Temple.
Five people, including deputy envoy Zhou Xuan, were dismissed from their posts. Xue Liang was convicted of the death penalty, all the witnesses were on the border, and Zhang Yin was reinstated.
Jiajing originally wanted to kill Ma Lu, but was assigned under the protection of Yang Yiqing.
Because Zhang Xuan, Gui Cao and others had meritorious service in escorting the car, they were rewarded with erpin official uniforms, gold belts, and silver coins, and gave three generations of commandments. In addition, this case was compiled into the "Record of the Great Prison of Qinming" and promulgated a notice to the world.
The case occurred in the sixth to sixteenth years of Jiajing, and because of the birth of the crown prince, all the criminals except Ma Lu were pardoned.
Ma Lu: There is a biography in the "History of Ming", which contains a detailed record of the Li Fuda case. Ma Lu's life is probably: Zhengde Three Years (1508) Pengchen Branch Three Ranks. In the sixth year of Zhengde (1511), he was appointed as the governor of Gu'an County, Suncheon Province. Because of his honest officialdom, he was recruited as a royal historian and toured the jiangnan provinces. In the fifth year of Jiajing (1526), jiajing went out to Shanxi to investigate the Case of Li Fuda, impeached Guo Xun, the Marquis of Wuding, and was demoted to The Wei of Guangxi Prefecture and never pardoned. He eventually died in shushou. In the early years of Longqing, he posthumously presented it to the Young Secretary of the Taibu Temple.
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