Friends who like ancient literature must have heard that there were so-called "three yuans of public security" in the writers of the Ming Dynasty. The three yuan of public security here, of course, do not mean the public security bureau, but the three brothers surnamed Yuan from Gong'an County in Jingzhou, Hubei Province: Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao, and Yuan Zhongdao.
Among the three Yuans, Yuan Hongdao's influence was the greatest. Yuan Hongdao (1568-1610), zizhonglang, opposed the atmosphere of "Wen bi Qin Han, poetry must flourish Tang", advocated the "independent lyrical spirit, informal" sexual spirit theory, which had a great influence on the literary circles of the Ming Dynasty and was a well-deserved great literary hero of the Ming Dynasty.
However, the average person is more familiar with Yuan Hongdao's prose, and is somewhat unfamiliar with Yuan Hongdao's poetry. In fact, this is not only the regret of Yuan Hongdao, but also the regret of almost all the literati of the Ming Dynasty.
It is a bit bitter to say, their light is obscured by the poets of the Tang and Song dynasties, and their popularity in the future generations is really how hard they try to catch up. Whether it is a retro school that advocates "Wen bi Qin Han, poetry must flourish in Tang", or a sexual spiritual school that opposes retro, in the minds of ordinary netizens, it has no status.
However, after five hundred years of reading Yuan Hongdao's poems, I still think it is quite wonderful. I am a real swimmer, a reader who loves poetry. Today I will talk to you about the 3 poems of the Ming Dynasty literary hero Yuan Hongdao, which are full of literary brilliance and are amazing five hundred years later.
Song 1, "Purple Horse": Purple Horse, row and hiss. May it be the foot of the neck of the back, and the frost hoof of the wind and the scenery. Frost hooves extinguished the border city road, and the frost flowers were old overnight. Even if you step on the clouds of the Heavenly Mountains, who looks like an inch of grass in Huayin. Purple horse, listen to my song. The heart is inexhaustible, Nair's four hooves!
Mentioning "Purple Horse", many friends first remembered the Tang Dynasty great poet Li Bai's "Purple Horse": "Purple Horse walks and hisses, double turning jasper hooves." Linliu refused to cross, as if he were sorry for the mud. The snow is far away from the mountains, and the yellow clouds and the sea are fans. Swing the whip and go, and Andrew reads the spring bride. ”
Li Bai's poem describes the image of a husband who is far away and misses his wife in the spring. And Yuan Hongdao's song is a kind of confusion about life through the horse.
"I would like to cross my neck for the sake of the back, and I do not want to be the frost hoof of chasing the wind." The opening is clear, borrowing a horse lyrically, expressing Yuan Hongdao's pursuit of freedom, just like a horse is not willing to be bound, only wants to run freely, rather than wanting to become people's mounts, unwilling to have the praise of the so-called "chasing the wind and the scenery".
However, Yuan Hongdao's emotions on the one hand are advocating freedom and not wanting to be bound by worldly fame and fortune, but there is still a kind of eagerness to "use the world", and there is still a trace of self-reproach of "the boss doing nothing".
We know that the "hiding place" of the ancients is a major proposition of a lifelong conflict. Of course, it can be simply said: "The poor are good at their own, and the poor are good at helping the world." But when you live in seclusion, you still long for the court. When I was in the court, I longed for the tranquility of the rivers and lakes. Even if it is the noble Tao Yuanming, there are still times when "fierce ambition is always there", let alone all sentient beings?
Therefore, at the end of the poem, Yuan Hongdao issued a call of "who is like an inch of grass in Huayin" and "Strong heart is inexhaustible, Nair's four hooves Are He".
This means that if you are like a horse, unfettered and free, although you have gained freedom in your soul, you have wasted the talent of "traveling thousands of miles a day", and you can only waste time and live up to the expectations of everyone and even your own heart.
This poem is superficially written about horses, but in fact it is written about people, with sincere feelings, and the language is popular, saying yuan Hongdao's confusion, why not say the confusion of all sentient beings in the world? Later, Yuan Hongdao took the initiative to resign, which represented him to solve his own confusion and have his own life pursuit.
The second song, "Changping Daozhong": The old monk in front of the temple begged for tea, and a school of Yang Shilisha. Black cage white basket by picking, musk plum pillow melon.
This poem is purely white, not sculpted, but it makes people feel exquisite. The poem is about what Yuan Hongdao saw and heard when he passed by the side of The Road in Changping, Beijing. People who rush to the road are very thirsty, so "begging for old monk tea", while quenching their thirst, while watching the surrounding scenery.
A school of Yang Ten LiSha, this is clearly the scenery of Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, and it is a real sense of life. On the side of the road, there are many ordinary people selling fruits and groceries, peddling their goods to passing passengers.
This poem, there is no big emotion, no meaning, but it feels very interesting to read. Because this poem is like a painting, showing life itself. Life, on the other hand, is originally a poem. However, it still needs a poet to break it. Reading this poem carefully, we can still feel the magic of Yuan Hongdao's use of words in the poem.
The 3rd song, "The Book of Mr. Li Hongfu": Like this Yaohua color, He Shukong Guyin. Sorrow strikes tears, and the heart of the spit pot has been extinguished. The traces burned the books white, and the cause of the disease was old and bitter. There is a hidden, and no water is sinking.
This poem was written by Yuan Hongdao when he was young. At that time, the great thinker Li Yan (Li Hongfu) engraved and printed the masterpiece "Burning Books" and specially sent a set to Yuan Hongdao. Yuan Hongdao was more than forty years younger than Li Zhen, and Li Yan's reputation was so loud, the young Yuan Hongdao was naturally extremely excited after receiving the gift of books.
But Yuan Hongdao's excitement is not only the excitement of fans receiving celebrity gifts, but also a kind of excitement at the ideological level. The interaction between Yuan Hongdao and Li Zhen is more like a "gentleman's discussion", like-minded and mutually beneficial.
Therefore, Yuan Hongdao has a certain degree of acceptance of Li Zhen's ideas. Even to some extent, without Li Zhen, there would be no "single lyrical spirit" idea that Yuan Hongdao later proposed.
This poem is particularly respectful of Li Zhen's "Burning Books", and the language is quite calm, without the feeling of impetuous patting, but giving people a sense of sincere admiration. In other words, this poem is from the heart, the beauty of the text is not the key, the expression of emotion is the focus, so it is extremely sincere and touching.
"Sorrow strikes tears, and the heart of the pot is already spit on." Hitting the tears, using the Warring States period, Jing Ke stabbed the King of Qin, and before leaving, Gao gradually left to build for it. "The wind is cold and the water is cold, and the strong man will not return once he is gone." This kind of tragic song is generous, which can describe the tragic and magnificent temperament of "Book Burning".
Spit pot heart, using an allusion to the "New Language of the World": "Wang Chuzhong (王敦) After each drink, he chanted 'Old Ji Futuo, aiming for a thousand miles.' The martyr is in his twilight years, and his heart is full of hearts', and he spits on the pot with ruyi, and the mouth of the pot is missing. Obviously, this kind of spit pot heart represents a kind of old and strong heart.
The meaning of "burning books" refers to the "books that are not tolerated in the world and are to be burned." Therefore, Yuan Hongdao's "sorrow strikes tears, and the heart of the spit pot" can be said to truly understand the meaning of "Book Burning".
There is a hidden, and no water is sinking. The last two sentences, borrowing the Gua Xiang of the I Ching, mean that the Burning Book has great use in the world, how can we bear to let it be buried?
The ancients said, "It is enough to have a confidant in life." "Yuan Hongdao was able to make friends with Li Zhen, which is the luck of Yuan Hongdao's life. And Li Yan was able to get such a yearless friend as Yuan Hongdao, which was also Li Yan's luck. The two became friends because of their thoughts, which is a place that posterity especially admires and admires.
Limited by space, the article ends here. What other good poems and words do you know? Welcome to leave a message. In the context of entertainment, it is not easy for me to write articles about traditional culture every day, I hope that everyone will pay more attention to me and share more of my articles.