After the qin xiaogong shang martingale changed the law to Qin Huiwen, the qin state developed rapidly, and the comprehensive national strength was significantly enhanced, becoming the only superpower among the seven heroes of the Warring States, and the other six countries were not enough to compete with the qin state. In order to survive, the Six Kingdoms must find strategies to resist qin; in order to achieve the great cause of reunification, the Qin state must also seek ways to eliminate the Six Kingdoms. Such a background provided an excellent platform for people with great talent, Su Qin and Zhang Yi were famous diplomats born in such a historical background (then called Zonghengjia), who used their talents to influence the foreign policy of the Seven Kingdoms, and even the development of the Warring States.
Su Qin - Combined to resist Qin
Su Qin cone is bone-chilling
Su Qin, a native of Luoyang in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, studied under the disciples of the ancestor of the Bing family, Gu Guzi, and after completing his studies, traveled to various countries to seek to become an official. He first went to Zhou Tianzi to lobby, and then to the Qin Kingdom, but he was not appreciated, and he returned home with a gray face, and his family sneered at him, saying that he did not do the right thing. So Su Qin locked himself in the house, found Jiang Taigong's soldier's book, buried his head in reading, repeatedly selected, practiced, studied, and stabbed his thigh with a pendant when he was sleepy, and the blood flowed to his feet.
For a year, Su Qin thought that he had found a way to deal with the Qin state, first to the Yan kingdom, after meeting the Yan king, he praised the strength of the Yan army and the virtuous ability of the Yan king, and then said to the Yan king: The reason why the Yan state was not attacked by the Qin state was because the Zhao state blocked the Qin state like a barrier, so if you want the Yan state to be peaceful and stable for a long time, you must have good relations with the Zhao state, otherwise, not only the Qin state can invade you, but the Zhao state can also attack your capital in ten days. Finally, Su Qin gave the King of Yan a piece of advice: May the Great King and Zhao Relatives unite the world as one, and then the Yan Kingdom will be free. King Yan felt that it was very reasonable to hear this, and said to Su Qin: As long as you ensure that the State of Zhao and the State of Qi do not attack me, I will do as you say and form an alliance with the other five countries. Then he gave Su Qin a lot of money and asked him to go to the Zhao Kingdom to lobby the King of Zhao.
After Su Qin received financial support from King Yan, he bought a carriage and came to the Zhao Kingdom, where he saw Queen Zhao talking about the way to be a king, saying: The greatest duty of a monarch is to ensure that the people of his country live and work in peace and contentment, and if you want to do this, then there can be no war, and if there is no war, you must have good relations with your neighbors. As the State of Zhao, first of all, it is necessary to establish good relations with the State of Korea and the State of Wei, because these two countries are directly facing the State of Qin, and the State of Qin is too powerful, and if the State of Qin is afraid of these two countries, they "submit to Qin", then the State of Zhao will become the target of the Attack of the State of Qin. Then he explained to King Zhao the goal of "the whole world is one to resist Qin", that is, the six countries united to form a whole against the Qin state, any country is invaded by the Qin state, the other five countries must send troops to support, if any one country betrays, these five countries attack him. King Zhao was very happy after hearing this, accepted Su Qin's proposal, and funded him to go to other countries to lobby heavily.
Subsequently, Su Qin went to Korea, Chu, Qi, and Wei in turn, and finally promoted the union of the six kingdoms, and for a time, Su Qin wore the seal of the six kingdoms, which can be described as unlimited scenery. Su Qin sent the covenant signed by the Six Kingdoms to the Qin State, and King Huiwen of Qin looked at it and broke out in a cold sweat, resulting in fifteen years of not going east to Hangu Pass. This is the famous combination in history.
Sengoku Seven Heroes
The six kingdoms jointly resisted Qin, which the Qin state did not want to see, because it blocked the road to the rise of the Qin state, and the Qin state must find a way to crack the joint column. At this time, there was a person who stood up, he was Su Qin's old classmate Zhang Yi, what method did Zhang Yi use to crack Su Qin's joint connivance and resistance to Qin?
Zhang Yi - Lian Heng was pro-Qin
Zhang Yi made Chu
Zhang Yi, a native of Wei Guo'anyi. In the State of Wei where he was located, Wu Qi, Li Wu and other able military generals had died, had lost their former strength, and were on their way to decline. He studied under Oniguzi and traveled around the world after completing his studies, seeking appropriate princely states to display his lifelong ambitions. The core content of Zhang Yi's lifelong advocacy of Lianheng was: The Qin state and one or more of the six kingdoms alone allied themselves to sabotage su Qin's six-nation conspiracy, so as to achieve the purpose of each breakthrough.
Zhang Yi's eloquence was excellent, and he went to the Qin State with the financial support of Su Qin (Su Qin had another purpose), and then with his eloquence, he gained the trust of King Huiwen of Qin and became the Xiangguo of the Qin State. He proposed his own proposal to King Huiwen of Qin, which was approved by the King of Qin, and according to the plan, Zhang Yi resigned from the official position of the Qin state.
Zhang Yi first went to the State of Wei, gained the trust of the King of Wei, and became the XiangGuo of the State of Wei (in fact, serving the State of Qin). His strategy against the King of Wei was to coerce and induce, in today's words, it was a policy of carrots and sticks, and seeing that persuading the King of Wei to form an alliance with the State of Qin could not achieve the goal, he secretly told the King of Qin to send troops to attack the State of Wei, and the State of Wei was not a rival of the State of Qin militarily, and the result was defeated. Later, the State of Wei and the State of Qi clashed militarily, and the State of Wei was defeated. The King of Wei felt precarious, so he allied himself with the State of Qin, and when the State of Qin did not attack the State of Wei, the State of Wei joined the State of Wei again, so that the State of Wei oscillated between the State of Unity and the State of Lianheng. In this way, the Qin state tore a hole in the six kingdoms, and zhang Yi returned to the qin state at this time.
At that time, among the six countries, Qi and Chu were big countries and stronger. Zhang Yi believed that in order to implement "continuous horizontalism", it was necessary to break up the alliance between the State of Qi and the State of Chu. He also offered a plan to King Huiwen of Qin, and was sent to the Chu state. Zhang Yi went to the Chu kingdom to ask to see the king of Chu Huai, and the king of Chu Huai knew that Zhang Yi's reputation was very great, and hurriedly summoned him, Zhang Yi said: The king of Qin specially sent me to make good friends with the state of Chu, if the king made up his mind to break diplomatic relations with the state of Qi, the king of Qin was not only willing to reconcile with the state of Chu forever, but also willing to dedicate six hundred miles of land around Shangyu (southwest of present-day Huaichuan County, Henan) to your country. In this way, it not only weakened the power of the State of Qi, but also gained the trust of the State of Qin, which is not the best of both worlds.
King Huai of Chu felt that it was a good deal (iq was worrying), and agreed with Zhang Yi's opinion. On the one hand, he broke off diplomatic relations with the State of Qi, and on the other hand, he sent people to follow Zhang Yi to the State of Qin to receive Shang Yu.
When King Xuan of Qi heard that the State of Chu had broken off diplomatic relations with the State of Qi, he immediately sent envoys to see King Huiwen of Qin and asked Qin to attack the State of Chu together.
The emissaries of the State of Chu went to Xianyang to receive Shang Yu, but they did not expect Zhang Yi to turn his face and not admit it, saying: Without this, where can the land of the Qin State be easily given away? I am talking about six miles, not six hundred miles, and it is my own fiefdom, not the land of the Qin state. King Huai of Chu rolled his eyes in anger and sent an army to attack the State of Qin. King Huiwen of Qin sent troops to meet the battle, and at the same time asked the State of Qi to assist in the battle, and as a result, the State of Chu was defeated, not only did shang yu six hundred miles of land not reach, but even the six hundred miles of land in the State of Chu was also taken by the State of Qin. In desperation, King Huai of Chu had no choice but to swallow his anger and ask the State of Qin for peace, and Zhang Yi used such means to subdue the State of Chu, and later went to the State of Qi, the State of Zhao, and the State of Yan successively to persuade the princes of various countries to "lian heng" to be pro-Qin.
In the end, the Six Kingdoms "Hezhong" alliance was finally disintegrated by Zhang Yi's "Lianheng".
Why did the seemingly perfect six-nation alliance fail? The reasons for this are complex.
First, there is no long-term alignment of interests between the six countries.
We all know that the most basic condition for a group and a group to reach an alliance is that the goals and interests are the same. To put it simply, "unity and vertical" means that Qin is strong and weak, and only by uniting can we compete with Qin. However, the six countries all have their own small nines and nines, and there are still many irreconcilable contradictions between them, and each country has more or less territorial disputes with its neighboring countries. For example, the State of Qi destroyed the State of Yan for two years, and the contradictions between the two countries were very deep; the State of Zhao and the State of Qi also had resentments because of the affairs of the State of Zhongshan; the State of Zhao and the State of Yan also attacked each other for many years...
Second, countries face different pressures from the Qin state.
The three kingdoms of Han, Wei, and Zhao were closest to the Qin state, and once a confrontation with Qin occurred, because the military strength was too far apart, it was often limited to the passive situation of being beaten by Qin. In particular, The two countries of Korea and Wei have long been in a state of oscillation between vertical and horizontal. The three states of Chu, Yan, and Qi did not directly border Qin, and the direct military pressure on the Qin state was not great, and in the process of combining the two sides, there were often situations of failure to contribute.
Third, the reunification of the world is the trend of the times and the aspiration of the people.
Society is always moving forward. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, China's social system began to change from a slave society to a feudal society. At the end of the Warring States period, the situation of division of various countries could no longer meet the needs of social and economic development, and the degree, quantity, balance, currency, and writing all needed to be unified in order to promote social development. At the same time, years of war have made the people very tired, and the people of the world are eager to hope that the world will be peaceful and reunification is the people's desire.
National reunification is the general trend, the unstoppable general trend! This was true during the Warring States period, and it is also true now!!!
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