As we all know, during the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin State was a very powerful vassal state. However, in the late Spring and Autumn period, the contest between the families of the Jin Dynasty Led to the gradual decline of the Jin Dynasty. In 453 BC, in the Battle of Jinyang, Wei Zhao Han destroyed the Zhi clan, and the Jin state had been divided among the three families. In 403 BC, King Weilie of Zhou enfeoffed Han, Zhao, and Wei as princes, and was known in history as the "Three Families divided into Jin". In 376 BC, the last Marquis of Jin, Jin Jinggong, was deposed as a commoner, and the Jin state officially withered away.
As a result, for the Jin dynasty, it eventually went to extinction after the three families were divided into Jin. It is worth noting that the three families of Wei Zhao and Han who divided the Jin state were not the clans of the Jin state, not the Qing Dafu family with different surnames. In this regard, some people may ask, when the three families were divided into Jin, why did the jin government not stand up to stop the three jin? As far as this problem is concerned, the reason is very simple, that is, the strength of the Jin state's office is too weak. And why the strength of the jin government is too weak, the monarch of the Jin Dynasty can be said to be hard to blame.
One
Jin Xiangong (?) –651 BC), courtesy name Ji (姬), courtesy name Weizhu, son of Duke Wu of Jin, monarch of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned for 26 years. For Duke Wu of Jin, the father of Duke Xian of Jin, he was not originally the monarch of the State of Jin, but the Duke of Quwowu. In 678 BC, he killed the Marquis of Jin and annexed the State of Jin, which became the monarch of the State of Jin, and was known as the Duke of JinWu, that is, this belonged to the situation in which Xiaozong replaced Emperor Dazong. In 677 BC, Duke Wu of Jin died and was succeeded by his son Duke Xian of Jin.
In 669 BC (the eighth year of the Jin Dynasty), the Jin Dynasty Grand Master Shi Huan said to the Jin Dynasty: "The princes of the former Jin Dynasty were very numerous, and if they were not killed, there would be disasters." Because the country was not right, the Duke of Jin was also worried that these Jinguo gongfu would threaten their own position. Therefore, under the persuasion of shi Huan, the grand master of the Jin dynasty, the Duke of Jin made the decision to slaughter the Jin state office. On this basis, the Duke Xian of Jin sent people to kill all the princes of the former Jin State, and built a capital city, named it "绛", and began to use "绛" as the capital, that is, the Jin State moved the capital from Quwo to "绛".
Two
For the Duke of Jin, whether it was to eliminate the Jinguo Gongfu or move the capital, it was to consolidate his position. With the slaughter of the Jin Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the strength of the Jin Dynasty was almost lost. However, the huge Jin state still needs a large number of talents to run. As a result, Duke Xian of Jin had to rely on Qing Dafu with a different surname. For example, the Duke of Jin adopted the strategy of Xun Xi's false Dao, destroying the powerful enemies Yu and Yu, Xun Xi gave birth to his son Xun Shi Ao, Xun Shi gave birth to a son Xun Lin Father, Xun Xiao, and Xun Shou, respectively, the ancestors of the three Qing Dafu families of the Jin Dynasty Zhongxing Clan, the Cheng Clan, and the Zhi Clan.
In the view of many historians, the situation of the Jin Dynasty without a gong clan can be described as the blame for the Jin Dynasty. In addition to the slaughter of the Jin Dynasty, the Li Ji Rebellion caused by the Jin Dynasty further exacerbated this trend. In 666 BC (the eleventh year of the Jin Dynasty, the twelfth or thirteenth year of the Records of History), Li Ji was favored and wanted to make her son the crown prince, so she sent someone to persuade the Duke of Jin, causing the prince of the Jin Dynasty to live in Quwo, the prince of Zhong'er to live in Puti, and Yiwu to live in Qudi. The other princes also lived on the border, only Li Ji and her sister's son were in Daicheng.
Three
During the Rebellion of Li Ji, the crown prince of Jin Xian was killed at the beginning, and Gongzi Yiwu and Gongzi Zhong'er ran to other princely states. As for the other princes of the Jin Dynasty, they were once again slaughtered. After the Rebellion of Li Ji, not only was the Jin State Office once again severely damaged, but even the national strength of the Jin State was also damaged. In September 651 BC (the 26th year of the Reign of the Duke of Jin), the Duke of Jin died. After the death of Duke Xian of Jin, the princes competed for the throne, and the Jin state was in chaos. With the help of Duke Mu of Qin, Gongzi Yiwu took the throne as Duke Hui of Jin.
After Jin Huigong succeeded to the throne, he betrayed his faith and killed his ministers, and the whole Jin state disobeyed him. In September 637 BC, Duke Hui of Jin died, and was succeeded by his son Crown Prince Huan as Duke Huai of Jin. In 636 BC, Duke Huai of Jin was forced to leave Gaoliang and was soon killed by the heavy earmen who had assumed the throne as Duke Wen of Jin. For the Jin Dynasty Gongzhong'er, although it was a more effective monarch, after he ascended the throne, he also had to continue to reuse the Qing Dafu family with a different surname, because the JinGuo Gongfu was really unavailable.
Four
Finally, in 633 BC, Jin Wengong was establishing three armies, each with a general and a zuo, in order of the middle army general, the middle army general, the upper army general, the upper army general, the lower army general, and the lower army, of which the Chinese army would be Zhengqing, which directly led to the formation of a situation in which the jin state formed a situation in which the six secretaries held power. As for the Jin Dynasty, no one could be among the six secretaries. Of course, in the process of the Jin State and the Chu State, the Qin State, and the State of Qi fighting for hegemony, these Qing Masters did make great achievements and became an important force for the Jin State to dominate the Central Plains.
However, in the author's opinion, like the feudal towns in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, these Qing Dafu families have been in a situation where they have not fallen after a long period of development. On this basis, the demise of the Tang Dynasty was directly related to the division of the feudal towns, and the demise of the Jin State was also directly related to the growth of Qing Dafu's power. In 453 BC, in the Battle of Jinyang, Wei Zhao Han destroyed the Zhi clan, and the Jin state had been divided among the three families. In 403 BC, King Weilie of Zhou enfeoffed Han, Zhao, and Wei as princes, and was known in history as the "Three Families divided into Jin". In general, the three branches of the Jin Dynasty led to the demise of the Jin state, and the formation of the situation of the three families of the Jin Dynasty was undoubtedly closely related to the decisions and behavior of the monarch of the Jin Dynasty.