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Scientific name: cuora flavomarginata
Aliases: yellow-edged box turtle, snake eating turtle, splint turtle, etc
Distribution: Yellow edge belongs to the unique turtle species in Asia, mainly distributed in China and Japan, Chinese mainland the wild is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Liangguang, Fujian, Henan and other regions, these are collectively known as the continental edge, of which the An rim has almost become synonymous with the continental edge, but also become synonymous with the fine edge, in fact, in addition to the yellow edge produced in Anhui, the yellow edge produced in other parts of the mainland will not be inferior to it, such as Dabie Mountain and so on. Treasure Island Taiwan is also one of the origins of the yellow edge, and the yellow edge it produces is also what we often call the Taiwan edge. In addition, there are also yellow edges in the wild in Japan, which are relatively rare in the market, which is what we often call the Ryukyu edge.
The distinction between several yellow edges has always been a very controversial topic, and it is also the most likely topic in this small circle to trigger a war of words. For Huang Yuanmiao, I myself am not sure to distinguish, and my personal point of view, at present, An Yuan is respected a little too deified, An Yuan has the beauty of An Yuan, Ande Edge also has a fine product that is not inferior to An Yuan, and there is no distinction between high and low, not to mention the other regional relations in the mainland. Don't take a solidified standard to measure whether a yellow rim is beautiful, you like it, just close the eye rim. Here are some of the main features of several edges.
Continental edge, to An rim as the continental edge of the species has always been a variety of yellow edge enthusiasts, especially in the an edge, in the market, the price of an edge in the past two years, although it has declined, but it is also thriving. Taking An rim as an example, in general, the body size of An Rim is slightly shorter, the dorsal carapace is generally higher, the genetically excellent dorsal carapace will be approximately spherical, and in adulthood, the highest point of its dorsal carapace is generally slightly behind the body. The back line is coherent without obvious breakpoints, even if it is broken, it is the feeling of breaking off, and then the flesh color, the edge of the an edge is generally orange-red warmer, and the color is lighter. The rest of what eyeliner, what eagle hook mouth and the like, I personally feel that it can only be used as a factor for judging the auxiliary group, but purely based on whether there is eyeliner or not eagle hook, it is a nonsense
Taiwan edge, and the continental edge actually belongs to the same subspecies, produced in the treasure island of Taiwan, in general, the size of the Taiwan edge is longer than the edge, flattened, most of them do not have the feeling of the sphere of the edge, the dorsal line on the carapace is also intermittent, showing a section of a section, at the end of the dorsal line, generally will also appear droplet-shaped. In terms of flesh color, the edge of the platform is generally darker in color, showing a dark cyan color.
The Ryukyu rim, as another subspecies of independent and continental margins, has a body size that is much smaller than the continental and continental margins, and the most obvious features are the prominent three keels and the red halo on the dorsal carapace. Ryukyu edges are relatively rare in the market.
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Hybridization, that is, the continental edge and the Taiwan edge for hybridization, in fact, can not be said to be hybridization, because it is the same subspecies, it is precisely because of the emergence of hybridization, now the pure an edge or pure continental edge on the market is very few, the hybrid edge when the security is not a minority, you yellow edge fans consider it.
Yellow margin belongs to the semi-aquatic turtle, in the wild, usually living in the water around the weeds and shrubs or tree holes and other dark and damp places, every year from April and May to the end of October, the latest to November, is its growth activity period, the rest of the months are spent in hibernation, the ambient temperature of about 28 degrees is the most active.
When the ambient temperature is reduced to less than 20 degrees, the yellow edge generally has a phenomenon of noging, and when the temperature continues to decrease, to about ten degrees, it basically enters a state of hibernation. The optimal hibernation temperature is around five degrees Celsius.
Yellow edge belongs to omnivorous turtles, the diet is very mixed, all kinds of insects, earthworms, and even centipede snakes, are in its recipe, a variety of fruits such as banana tomatoes, and some vegetable stems and leaves, also in its recipe, so this also disguises that the yellow edge is very good to feed, but feeding does not mean good.
The yellow-edged skin is well-bred, and the arrangement of the feeding environment can be simple or complicated.
The yellow edge belongs to the semi-aquatic turtle class, but in the turtle seedling stage, the yellow edge of the aquatic habitat is stronger, so for the breeding environment of the turtle seedling, the simplest one can prevent its escape from prison basin, and a basin that can provide it with bathing water, can meet its most basic living conditions, and for Yacheng and adult yellow edges, the water basin can also be omitted, as long as it is bathed regularly. But this is only to be able to feed, in order to raise a fine yellow edge, the environment and feeding factors are indispensable.
The best environment under artificial conditions is naturally a wild environment. For the choice of bedding, the current debate is relatively large, some say that coconut soil will choke to the yellow edge, and some say that laterite is acidic and not conducive to yellow edge life. I myself have been using mixed soil, coconut soil, pond mud, humus soil and the so-called Changbai Mountain black soil, etc., no fixed ratio, what is the use of what, in fact, I also raise flowers and grass, some at home have taken it and mixed together, so that after raising, at least so far I have not found anything wrong. As for the laterite, I have indeed not used it myself, but I have used some when raising spiders before, and it is easy to settle in the water, and it is easy to fly ash when it is dry, which does not feel very good.
The mat is solved, followed by the problem of water, the water body should not be too small, the large point does not matter, but it should not be too deep, to be able to submerge the yellow edge of the back armor prevails, of course, if it is a large water, and shallow water and deep water have a smooth transition, there is no problem. A water basin in the water area can be solved, but it is necessary to pay attention to changing the water frequently, and the yellow edge bathing will often be accompanied by excretion, so there will often be excrement in the water body, and the water quality will be polluted for a long time, if there is no water change, the health of the yellow edge will have an impact. If conditions permit, the water can be built as living water, or pseudo-living water, in fact, it is to add a filtration system to stabilize the water quality and let the water flow, which can effectively reduce the number of water changes and reduce the burden.
The choice of hiding, although the mature Yellow Edge is active and close to people, but by nature, he likes to stay in a dark and damp place, so he still needs to provide a place for him to hide. It can be a coconut shell, or a flower pot, tile, or even directly sprinkle a layer of dead leaves into it, so that the yellow edge is also a good choice, and the thick layer of dead leaves can also ensure the humidity of the environment, killing two birds with one stone. There is a saying that in order to raise the yellow edge of the high-backed sphere, in addition to genes, there is also a factor is the humidity of the environment, which is appropriate to maintain at 70 to 80, so if the air is too dry, you can consider adding a humidifier to the feeding environment. However, if it is a long-term high humidity, the air circulation is not smooth, and it is easy to fungus, so this degree needs to be adjusted by itself.
There is also the choice of green plants, Huang Yuansu has the title of turtle meat bulldozer, no matter how flat the bedding is, he will drill it in a short period of time. Therefore, if it is in a relatively small environment, do not consider plants such as lawns, which are also white species, if you want to embellish it, it is recommended to choose herbs with strong roots or smaller woody plants, and you need to wait for the green plants to grow signs of growth, and then put the yellow edge into it. The most important point is to note that you are raising yellow margins, not plants, so don't choose some high-priced precious plants, or even poisonous plants, in order to look good, these are not allowed.
The feeding of the yellow edge includes the feeding of other ornamental turtles, which depends on the situation, there is no fixed law, and each person with a relationship has his own set of feeding habits, including recipes, feeding amount, feeding time and so on.
Yellow edge feeding time is best to follow the natural law, in general, in the high temperature season, such as June to August, you can feed every morning or evening, just after sleeping every year, the temperature has just returned, noon is the most frequent time for yellow edge activities, then the main text time is the best time to feed.
As for the amount of feeding, I generally feed it, as long as it is okay when feeding, I will observe on the side, Huang Yuan is swallowing when it is not full, and although it will eat after eating, it will usually chew in the mouth for a long time, at this time, I will choose to clean up the remaining feed. This may be different from the concept of feeding many people, saying that turtles cannot have a full meal in the wild, and there are many people who regard starvation as the only way to raise dense lines, in fact, the survival resources of turtles in the wild, the resources that can eat are much more than you think.
The fine lines of the tortoise shell at the wild yellow rim are personally believed to be suitable for turtles to grow and feed in the wild for a short time, only from May to August of each year, a short three-month growth season, and the growth rate is relatively slow. Of course, this is only one factor.
As for the recipe, based on convenience, I am fed turtle food with meat feed. Turtle seedlings are a little larger in the diet of a first-year-old turtle, and in the second year and above are mainly turtle food, supplemented by various snacks such as meat, vegetarian tomatoes, bananas, grape leaves, etc., meat earthworms and cricket feed cockroach suckling rats, etc., red meat such as pork beef and other less feeding, ham sausages and other salty foods are forbidden to feed.
Huangyuan's hibernation is relatively simple, if it is a large environment imitation wild feeding, generally do not care, if it is a small family environment feeding, look at the weather forecast, if the average daily temperature in the next half a month is about 15 degrees or less than 20 degrees, you have to prepare to start clearing the intestines, to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai regions as an example, this time is generally around the middle of October every year, after the completion of the cleansing of the intestines, there is no need to feed again, even if the temperature has a short rise, do not feed, or the work of clearing the intestines will be done in vain. When the average daily temperature reaches about 10 degrees, throw it into the prepared hibernation container and let it fall asleep.
In the process of hibernation, it is not said that it is not ignored until the sleep, and it is also necessary to choose to check the yellow edge in hibernation on a day with better weather. If all goes well, wait for Huang Yuan to sleep on his own next year. Regarding the time of sleep, each individual is different, the time is early and late, the difference of one month between sleeping early and sleeping late is not a strange thing, try not to help sleep now.
After the yellow margin adult male and female discrimination is relatively clear, in general, the female turtle individual is larger than the male turtle individual, while distinguishing the male and female mainly look at the tail, the tail is short and thick, the cloaca is closer to the base of the tail and the posterior edge of the abdominal carapace is semicircular, for the female turtle, the tail is long, the cloaca is farther from the base of the tail and the posterior edge of the abdominal carapace is slightly pointed for the male turtle.
Generally speaking, as long as it is a normal environment to grow the yellow edge, the male turtle reaches about 280 grams, the female turtle reaches about 450 grams, basically has reached sexual maturity, can be bred, but this refers to the normal growth of the yellow edge, greenhouse yellow edge is not in this list, according to the year, in the wild, the yellow edge grows slowly, generally it takes about ten years to reach sexual maturity, and in the artificial environment, due to sufficient bait, the time is slightly shorter, but it also takes at least seven years to achieve sexual maturity.
The mating period is from April to the end of October every year, and August and September are the peak mating periods, especially in the rainy days of August and September, mating generally occurs in the early morning and evening.
The spawning period is from May to September each year, with two to four eggs laid at a time, and the incubation time is about 80 days at a constant temperature of 28 to 32 degrees.