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In our normal cognition, fish are inseparable from water, and later we came into contact with fighting fish, knowing that there were fish, which could breathe directly in the air through the auxiliary respiratory organs on the gills, however, the magic of nature is something that we humans cannot predict. There is a fish that has existed since the Devonian Period and can breathe with "lungs" in the air, and they have a uniform name called lungfish, and the so-called "lungs" are actually their swim bladders.
Speaking of lungfish alone, there may be no concept, but if you say that in the previous popular web drama "White Night Pursuit", Guan Hongfeng's pet fish "Tiger", perhaps many people will have some impressions, "White Night Pursuit", The Guan brothers raised a lungfish.
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Lungfish is a fish that has existed since the Beginning of the Devonian Period, and has been found, not counting subspecies, a total of six species, of which the Queensland lungfish, that is, the Australian lungfish is a genus of one family and one genus, belonging to the single fry under the order Horntooth.
Lungfish are distinguished by the fact that they have a swim bladder that functions like the lung organs of land animals. In the period of abundant water, when the water is sufficient, lungfish and other fish, are in the water with gills to breathe, and when the water body is dried up and dried up, the lungfish will change to breathe with "lungs", and land animals similar, air is inhaled by the nostrils of lungfish, through the intestine into the bladder with lung organ function, the lungfish's swim bladder is covered with reticulated fine blood vessels, which can smoothly complete the metabolic exchange of gas.
Another of the most representative features of lungfish is summer sleep. When the dry season comes and the river water dries up, the lungfish will burrow into the silt of the riverbed and make a mud cocoon from the silt to moisturize it, ensuring that it can survive the long dry period. With one exception, Barramundi does not sleep in summer.
South American star spot lungfish
The South American star-spotted lungfish is the only lungfish distributed in South America and usually moves on the bottom bed of a river with slow flowing water.
In juvenile South American star-spotted lungfish, the body color is usually dark black, and some yellow spots are irregularly distributed on it, and as they continue to grow, the yellow spots will gradually decrease and disappear.
Juvenile South American star point lungfish, mainly feeding on the larvae of various insects and some soft bodies and other animals, with the growth, the continuous increase in body size, and more demand for energy, some small fish and shrimp and other aquatic organisms will also become its main predators.
Among all the lungfish species, the South American star-spotted lungfish has a relatively mild temperament, and polyculture can be tried between the same species, or between other ornamental fish species of similar size.
Victorian lungfish
The Victorian lungfish is the largest of the four species of lungfish produced in Africa, and is said to reach an adult size of up to 180 cm.
Victorian lungfish is a widely circulated lungfish, and its distribution in the place of origin is also more extensive, distributed in eastern and central Africa, and in the place of origin, due to its large number, it is regarded as a food fish by the locals.
The Victorian lungfish is also the most subspecies of lungfish, with as many as three subspecies being found. where P. aethiopicus, mainly distributed in the Nile River Basin, and associated with Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganicaa, etc. (friends familiar with the Three Lakes Cichlid should be familiar with these two lakes). P. a. congicus is mainly distributed in the upper middle and upper reaches of the Congo River Basin. P. a. mesmaekersi is distributed in the lower Congo River.
The Victorian lungfish mainly live on the floor bed of the slow-flowing swampy lakes and rivers, feeding on some mollusks, shellfish, small fish and shrimp that live on the riverbed.
Pygmy lungfish
Pygmy lungfish is the smallest lungfish, the adult body is short and fat, the largest is only about 40 cm. Pygmy lungfish, known in some regions as short-finned lungfish, is also because its flesh fins are much shorter than other lungfish species.
Pygmy lungfish live mainly in the swampy waters of eastern Africa, and are also found in areas such as Mozambique in the southerly african country, but are generally considered to be introduced by humans, and the southern African region is not its native area.
The background color of the pygmy lungfish is generally grayish blue, with some fine black dots, and the abdomen is a pale light gray. In the Liba River Basin, where it mainly lives, there is a considerable number of wild numbers, which are one of the fish that the local population eats.
Tabby lungfish
Tabby lungfish, also known as blunt-snouted lungfish, is a more circulating lungfish species, mainly distributed in west Africa, but also found in central and southern Africa.
Tabby lungfish has two subspecies, of which P. Annectens are mainly distributed in the Sahel Basin, Guinea, Sierra Leone, while P. a. Brieni, on the other hand, is widely distributed in the Congo and Zambezi river basins.
Tiger lungfish have certain changes in individuals, both in stripes and body color, but what remains unchanged is their protruding nose and a pair of small eyes.
Lungfish
The lungfish, also known as the sesame lungfish, are mainly distributed in the Congo, Niali and Ogoway rivers in central Africa, and their overall appearance is similar to that of the South American star-spotted lungfish, but the color of the spots distributed on the body surface is black. The long-bodied lungfish is slender, and although it can reach a body length of 60 to 70 centimeters, it looks more like a rhubarb eel.
Australian lungfish
Australian lungfish, more commonly known as Queensland lungfish. It is a lungfish unique to Australia, and it is a Washington Convention Appendix 2 species, and the Australian lung is quite different from the other five lungfish, both in terms of body structure and living habits.
Mutant Australian lung
Compared to the other five types of lungfish, the Australian lung is the largest lungfish, and the largest body is said to reach a staggering 180 cm.
Of the six extant species of lungfish, the Australopithecus is the most primitive lungfish. Compared to the other five types of lungfish, the Australian lung is the structure of the single fish maw and does not have the habit of summer sleep.
Unlike other lungfish, in the dry season can be completely out of the water cocoon to survive, the Australian lung can not completely out of the water body life, in the period of water depletion, the Australian lung will generally choose to be in the puddle with water residue, once the water is completely depleted, the Australian lung away from the water for too long, will die due to lack of water and lack of oxygen.
The Australopithecus is distributed in the rivers of southeastern Queensland, Australia, and was later introduced to the rivers further south of Australia due to the expansion of population breeding.
Unlike long-body lungfish, the Australian lung is thick and strong, and when it becomes an adult, it will give people a strong sense of oppression.
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The rearing of lungfish and the rearing of other large ornamental fish are almost the same in the choice of equipment, which is nothing more than the selection of suitable tanks and corresponding filtration equipment to ensure sufficient stability and high-quality water bodies.
Generally speaking, the temperament of lungfish is relatively fierce, but it is not excluded that some individuals are more shy, coupled with the number of circulation and other reasons, their prices are relatively expensive, so it is generally not recommended to polyculture with other ferocious ornamental fish.
Lungfish have a serious deterioration in vision, but their sense of smell is quite sensitive, so when feeding, it is relatively better to choose a heavier-tasting bait. Lungfish is a carnivorous ornamental fish, the feed is mainly meat, the larval stage can be bread worms, barley worms, red worms, earthworms, etc., after the body size gradually increases, can be based on loach and other feed fish.
Finally, on the water quality aspect. In the wild, lungfish generally live at the bottom of the dirty riverbed of the water body, so relatively speaking, their requirements for water quality are not very high, or the tolerance to water quality is very strong. But this does not mean that it likes dirty water quality, nor does it mean that it can get used to frequent changes and serious fluctuations in water quality. Therefore, in daily feeding, it is more important to maintain the stability of water quality, including the cleanliness of water bodies and the stability of water temperature.
Ornamental lungfish breeding people are very few, the experience can be obtained is also very small, the above, but also only according to its native environment and some netizens of the feeding experience sharing summary, can not say necessarily right, but can still ensure the most basic feeding, as for further, but also hope that friends with feeding experience, can share and communicate.
Finally, thank you for reading.