The history of Chairman Mao's command of the war is a history of constantly creating miracles and witnessing miracles. In the turbulent battlefield, the enemy and the enemy are opposed, and the swords are fierce. Masters are too tricky, and ordinary people are difficult to spy on. Just as the so-called art masters are bold, there are strong people in the strong.
It's hard to imagine! Around 200,000 enemy swarms, there are 3 air brigades on reconnaissance and bombing missions. In the face of the enemy's all-round attack and overlook, the 30,000 horses of our Red Army were compressed into a narrow crack by the enemy and even lurked and hidden for 25 days without being discovered, and they captured the fighters and unexpectedly swallowed one division after another of the enemy who "encircled and suppressed" the Red Army in one fell swoop, and the rest of the enemy was horrified. It was Chairman Mao and the Red Army under his leadership who created this miracle.
The failure of the Kuomintang in its first major "encirclement and suppression" of the Central Soviet Region shocked Chiang Kai-shek extremely. In February 1931, he sent He Yingqin, minister of war and politics, to act as commander-in-chief and director of the Nanchang Battalion, commander-in-chief of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, mobilizing 200,000 troops from 18 divisions and 3 brigades to launch a second and greater "encirclement and suppression" of the Central Soviet Region.
Chiang Kai-shek
In view of the failure of the first "encirclement and suppression," the enemy this time "took the accumulation of troops, the tight encirclement, and the slow advance as the main point" and the operational principle of "fighting steadily and steadily, and taking step by step as the battalion, and formed an 800-mile-long arc-shaped front from Ji'an, Jiangxi to Jianning, Fujian, and marched step by step toward the central revolutionary base area in four directions, in a vain attempt to annihilate the Entire Red Army in one fell swoop.
At this time, after the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" victory of the Red Army, the number of people decreased slightly, about 30,000 people. In the face of the enemy's new "encirclement and suppression," the Central Bureau of the Soviet Union eliminated the interference of "Left" adventurism and adhered to Mao Zedong's correct proposition of "luring the enemy into deeper."
According to the military deployment, the first battle of the second anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign was to first fight the 28th Division of Wang Jinyu's Fifth Route Army and the Wang Jingde Brigade of the 47th Division of Wang Jinyu's Fifth Route Army, which had already entered the Tomita area.
But how is this first battle fought? Do you advance to Tomita to fight, or wait for the enemy to break away from its fortified position in Tomita and enter the Donggu Mountains where the terrain is favorable to us? There is some debate on this issue.
Some impatient comrades repeatedly suggested entering Tomita Kombat, and Mao Zedong patiently persuaded them. Mao Zedong expected that the enemy would definitely attack the Red Army and would definitely come to Donggu, so he insisted on driving the troops to Donggu, hiding and waiting for the opportunity, and instructed the troops to step up combat training in the deep mountains and jungles.
The Red Army's ambush position at that time can be described as both shocking and impressive. Because this ambush position was between the two enemies Cai Tingkai and Guo Huazong, it was only more than 10 miles away from Guo in the north, and only 40 miles away from Cai in the south, and it was also very close to Wang Jinyu's department.
Cai Tingkai
For this situation, some people are always uneasy, saying that this is "drilling the horn tip", which is too risky. Mao Zedong patiently and repeatedly did the work of persuasion, saying that this was not "drilling the tip of the bull's horn," but a combat method to lure the enemy deep and annihilate the enemy in motion, and said that even "drilling the tip of the bull's horn" should be drilled through it.
He further explained that this is mainly due to the good conditions of the masses in the base areas and the fact that they will not leak information, and that the fact that the enemy's various departments are not unified has given us a loophole to "drill." Mao Zedong's patient and meticulous persuasion work enabled the vast number of Red Army commanders and fighters to dispel their misgivings and double their confidence.
According to the deployment, the Red Third Army led by Peng Dehuai set up an ambush for 25 days in the enemy's gap in the Donggu area. In particular, the misinformation of intelligence several times in the middle was very influential, and some soldiers also had different opinions on this method of warfare. Coupled with the fact that Gannan is in the summer season, the weather is hot, and there are many mosquito bites in the mountains, many fighters are reluctant to continue to ambush.
Peng Dehuai
However, Mao Zedong remained unmoved, rejected all the suggestions of the quick strike, and insisted on continuing the ambush according to the original plan.
Just when the vast number of commanders and fighters of the Red Army were anxious about the enemy's delay in coming, on May 12, Wang Yizhen received an important piece of information from the 28th Division's Gongbing Domain Radio stationed in Tomita and sent to the division's remaining office in Ji'an. Intelligence shows that the 28th Division will be consolidated to the east on the morning of the 13th.
Mao Zedong, who had been hiding in the enemy's cracks for more than 20 days and could not find the fighter plane, was very happy after seeing the information sent by Wang Yi, and even claimed to praise Wang Yi for saying that the tabloid clerk had solved the big problem.
Wang Defamation
Mao Zedong immediately mobilized his troops and set up an ambush circle between Tomita and Donggu.
On the morning of the 16th, the enemy did arrive as scheduled and plunged headlong into the ambush circle of the Red Army. After a day and night of fierce fighting, the Red Army annihilated a brigade of the enemy's 28th Division and the 47th Division, and won a major victory in the first battle.
After the war, the front-line commander Peng Dehuai once sincerely praised Mao Zedong to Tan Zhenlin, saying: "In the end, it is still the power of shaking the goose feather fan!" ”
This first battle was called the "Great Victory in The Middle Hole".
Tan Zhenlin
This was followed by a second battle of Baisha, a third battle of Nakamura, and a fourth battle of Guangchang, which defeated Guo Huazong and defeated Sun Lianzhong and Hu Zuyu.
After the red 1st front's initial victory, the enemy's 19th route army hastily retreated from Chenggang and Xingguo to Ganzhou. The Red 1 Front, relieved of its worries, swept eastward with victory. On May 19, the Red 1st Front annihilated most of guo huazong of the 43rd Division of the enemy's 5th Route Army and a brigade of Shangguan Yunxiang of the 47th Division in the Baisha area, which was preparing to flee north.
After the Battle of Nakamura, the three enemy troops attacking the Central Soviet Zone at this time had been crushed, relieving the Red Army of its worries. Therefore, the Central Bureau of the Soviet Union of the CPC decided to form another provisional General Front Committee with Mao Zedong as its secretary, which was responsible for commanding the front-line combat troops and leading the work of the theater, and re-gave Mao Zedong full authority over the former leadership.
He Yingqin
After the Red Army conquered Guangchang, the enemy's 56th Division Liu Heding (about 7,000 people) returned from the old lair of Jianning, Fujian, south of Anyuan, and at this point, the Kuomintang troops who attacked the Central Soviet Region on the Fifth Route were all repelled, and the second anti-"encirclement and suppression" could have ended in victory.
At this time, Mao Zedong decided to implement the strategy of "retreating and chasing after annihilation", chasing liu and Ding divisions in Fujian Jianning (about 700 miles of Jianning in Guangchang). So the Red Army marched 700 miles and unexpectedly attacked Jianning on the afternoon of May 30. Since Jianning City did not have fortifications, Liu Heding hastily transferred his troops out of the city to defend the mountains. Under the command of Mao Zedong and Zhu De, the Red Army, with a single blow and a fierce tiger, bravely rushed up the hill to encircle and annihilate the enemy.
Liu Heding led the remnants to retreat to Jianning City. On the 31st, the Red Army cooperated in capturing Jianning City and destroying another regiment of the enemy. Liu Heding himself escaped in a hurry, his uniforms and badges were captured by the Red Army, and the Western medicine that the Red Army urgently needed was captured, which could be used by the all fronts for half a year.
Liu Heding
At this point, the final battle of the second anti-"encirclement and suppression" was concluded in victory in the Battle of Jianning.
The second anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign began on 16 May and ended on 31 May; Mao Zedong and Zhu De commanded the Red Army to travel 700 miles in 15 days, from the banks of the Ganjiang River to the mountainous areas of northern Fujian, and with the full and enthusiastic support of the broad masses of the people, fought five victorious battles in a row, annihilated more than 30,000 enemy personnel, surrendered more than 20,000 guns, destroyed the enemy's fortifications for 400 to 500 miles, and "painfully and happily" broke the enemy's second "encirclement and suppression."
Chiang Kai-shek mobilized 200,000 troops, adopted the principle of "taking every step for the battalion, fighting steadily and steadily," and mobilized a large number of aviation units to participate, thinking that victory was certain, but unexpectedly suffered a complete defeat. This is a postscript.
Mao Zedong was extremely excited. Just after the end of the war, with a comfortable mood, he wrote down a big beautiful chapter full of combat pride, "Fisherman's Pride: Anti-Second Great Encirclement and Suppression":
The clouds at the head of Baiyun Mountain want to stand, the cry under Baiyun Mountain is urgent, and the dead wood decay plants are working hard together. Gunfired, the flying general threw himself into the air.
On the fifteenth day of the seven-hundred-mile drive, the Ganshui River was vast and the Mountains were blue, sweeping through a thousand armies like a sweep. Some people cry, for the camp step by step!