Basho gossip
Liang Guode
If you say that the new lotus is like a young girl standing in the pavilion and a hibiscus out of the water. Basho is like a gloomy, depressed young woman. Red cherries, green plantains. Basho does not have the dazzling charm of the purple and red, but the becky is deep and the whole body is filled with a melancholy temperament. It contains three points of resentment, three points of vicissitudes, three points of femininity and one point of delicacy. She was cold, too cold to be blasphemed. But it is not cold and ruthless, her high cold is only less worldly, but it does not lose the tenderness of women. If you encounter wind and rain, the posture of tears hanging down and dancing lightly is even more exquisite.
In the living room environment, my favorite thing is to plant a plantain outside the window. Her evergreen, deep greenery, like emerald dripping, is filled with an irresistible attachment. During the stormy season, quietly stand on the window sill and enjoy the rain hitting the plantains. The delicate sound of the dripping is like a natural sound, such as countless soft pearls and jade sprinkled from the sky, down the edge of the banana leaf, it is the tears of the lover, it is the sorrow of the resentment, with a little poignant, no flattery, only Chuchu pitiful. The light rain is light and tearful, and the heavy rain washes the face; the light wind dances with long sleeves, graceful and colorful; the wind is the jade mountain falling, weak as if it can't help it. If it is night rain, the window is dark and lightless, Yi Fang is difficult to see, and the pillow is blind, listening attentively, the voice is either crying or complaining, or sad or worried, or pity or hate, or slow or urgent, or surprise or joy... It always makes people fly out of the sky, reverie, can't help themselves.
Speaking of basho, it is natural to think of the romantic story of the banana leaf between Jiang Tan, a Qiantang man of the Qing Dynasty, and his beloved wife in his "Autumn Lantern Trivia":
The plantains planted by Qiu Fu have grown into shade and shaded curtains. Autumn rain and wind drip, smell on the pillow, heart broken. One day, Yu Xi titled Ye Shangyun: "Whoever plants bananas in many ways, early is also Xiaoxiao, late is also Xiaoxiao." Tomorrow saw the leaf on the continuation of the book several lines of clouds: "It is Jun's mood that is too boring, planting plantains, and complaining about bashos." ”
The banana night rain is a very atmospheric view. People lie on the bed, close their eyes and pillow, but smell the banana leaf dance outside the window, dripping, always make people poetic, can't help but feel it. And the husband was still unfinished, secretly got up and wrote a poem on the banana leaf: "Whoever plants a banana with many things, early is also Xiaoxiao, late is also Xiaoxiao." But unexpectedly, the work he was secretly doing was discovered by his wife who was pretending to be asleep, so he also secretly continued to mink in the banana leaf: "It is Jun's mood that is too boring, planting plantains, and complaining about bashos." ”。 This kind of boudoir pleasure is unattainable by people who lack humanistic feelings today, and in addition to envy and jealousy, there should be no other word to describe.
Plantains are often connected by sorrow and loneliness, because the rain hits the plantains, giving people a mood of sorrow. Chinese traditional customs, like to plant plantains outside the window, banana leaves in the plant kingdom, the leaves should belong to the largest category, the most wind and rain, every wind must dance, in the rain will sing, this is its characteristics. And the wind and rain trap people indoors, every time they are idle, and the rain outside the window hits the plantains, Xiao Xiao drips, it is even more taught to add a little sadness.
Modern people, high-grade villas, or gardens, etc., mostly like to plant a few plantains. In addition to the elegant landscape, the rain-beaten plantains are full of mood and popular. In Chinese painting, basho is also a very popular subject, often the standard of the talented lady Ya room deep boudoir.
But the world is not absolute, and there are people who don't like basho, especially those who are very attached to feng shui. It has not been studied elsewhere, the customs of Maoming, the townspeople generally oppose the planting of plantains next to the house, saying that feng shui is not good, it will attract evil. There are many forbidden plants in feng shui, such as mulberry trees, locust trees, willow trees, poplar trees, pine trees, cypress trees, etc., many places have taboos on these trees, mulberry trees are spurned because of the harmonic sound of "mourning", willow trees are unlucky because of the harmonic sound of "flow", there are "ghosts" next to locust trees, poplar wind blowing sounds like ghosts clapping hands, pine cypress is a special tree for cemeteries, etc. These taboos are generally recognized in Han cultural circles. But basho is not suitable to say, it is really rare. In ancient Chinese painting, the courtyard house banana is a very poetic and wide range of subjects, widely loved by the literati. But why do maoming local customs hate it? Understand, the main reason is that this plant will provoke the monster, and the banana leaf is like a big knife, in feng shui belongs to the "guan knife brake" and the like, this can be said to be nonsense, if the banana leaf like a knife is not auspicious, then the square bedroom is not like a coffin? Therefore, many folk taboos are themselves ignorant and superstitious, and are not advisable.
In Liezi's writings, there is a story of a plantain covering a deer. It is said that Zheng Guo had a woodcutter, because he accidentally killed a frightened deer, although he was overjoyed, but he was afraid that others would find out and compete with him, so he secretly hid in a dry pond pit, and also cut some banana leaves to cover it. Then he continued to collect firewood, and when he turned back to fetch the deer and went home, he could not find the original deer. This guy may have mild schizophrenia, so he thinks that what just happened was just a dream, and he is talking about it all the way home. The speaker was unintentional, the listener was intentional, and when passerby A heard it, he searched according to his words, and sure enough, he found the deer under the banana, so he took the prey. When he returned, he said to his wife, "The woodcutter dreamed of seeing a deer and losing its place, but I harvested it. But his wife said, "Is there really that woodcutter?" Did you dream of the woodcutter, did your dream come true? ”
It is said that when the woodcutter returned home, he really had a dream, dreaming that passerby A had taken his deer. So he woke up and found passerby A in his dream, and sure enough, he saw the deer. So they argued with each other and went all the way to the government. After listening to the appeal, the judge ruled: "The woodcutter really got the deer at first, but he said that it was a dream; later, it was obvious that he got the deer in a dream, but the nonsense was true." Passers-by get the deer, but the woodcutters have to fight. The wife of passer-by A said that her husband thought the deer was someone else's in the dream, and no one had ever got the deer. Now there is only one deer here, so divide it equally! Zheng Guojun heard about this and felt: "Alas! This judge is also in a dream to divide the deer, right? So he asked the prime minister for advice. The prime minister said, "Whether it is a dream or not, we can't tell at all, only saints like the Yellow Emperor and Kong Qiu can judge." We can only listen to the judge's ruling. ”
The allusion of the banana leaf covering the deer was later transplanted into the "Dream of the Red Chamber", and in the thirty-seventh time, it was said that Tanchun, Baoyu and Daiyu established the "Begonia Society" poetry society, and Li Feng proposed that everyone take a ya number, so as to appear unconventional and elegant. And Tanchun said that he liked basho the most, so he gave himself a nickname of "banana guest". When Na Zhi Dai Yu heard this, she teased, "You quickly led her and stewed her breasts and ate wine." Everyone looked at each other on the scene, not knowing why Dai Yu said this. Dai Yu then analyzed: "The ancients once clouded 'banana leaves covered deer'. She calls herself a 'banana guest', but she is not a deer? Come on making a deer breast. The public suddenly realized when they heard it, and they all laughed loudly. This is, of course, the author's knowledgeable, quoting scriptures, and making it a wonderful article.
The allusion of the banana leaf covered deer, like Zhuangzi's dream butterfly, a pillow of yellow sorghum, and a dream of Nanke, depicts the affairs of this world as a big dream, and there is no truth at all. Bai Juyi once had a poem "Doubtful Dreams", which said that this is the allusion:
Lu suspected that Zheng Xiang was ultimately difficult to discern, and Di Hua Zhuang Sheng could know it.
If it were not a dream now, it would last longer than a dream.
The allusion to the banana dream deer fits well with the Buddhist idea of emptiness. The Diamond Sutra says, "Everything that has a dharma, like a dream bubble, like dew or electricity, should be viewed as such." That's what it means. In addition, there are some characteristics of the plantain, which coincide with this idea, one is that the banana is very fragile and not solid, just like my life is very impermanent and fragile, and if I am not careful, I will die. The second is that the dried plantain is formed by wrapping the petiole layer by layer, you peel it off layer by layer, peel it to the end, it is the most tender petiole, there is no such thing as a dried plantain, it is empty. This is more consistent with the Buddhist idea of emptiness. Therefore, basho is often quoted in Mahayana Buddhism. In the Buddhist world, whether it is Buddhism or Zen Ji's poems, many of them are metaphorically used as a banana, and Liu Yuxi once fell ill, and several Zen masters came to visit him, and he wrote a poem to thank them. The poem reads:
The sages of labor, come and ask the sick man. Add a stove to cook the tongue and sprinkle water to purify the dragon's whiskers.
The body is a banana metaphor, and the line must be bamboo support. The doctor king has a magic medicine and can beg for a pill.
The sages are honorific titles for these Zen masters, and as a sick man, the troublesome Zen masters who have moved the masses to visit the sick, hurriedly cook tea to greet them, and sit on the table. The tongue is a high-grade tea like the tip of the hair, and the dragon's whisker refers to the seat woven with dragon's whisker grass. Being like a banana tree, that is, my body as mentioned above, is as fragile and unreal as a banana. Once infected, you have to hold a cane to walk. The Buddha is also revered as the Great Physician King, because he can heal the foolish and upside-down diseases of sentient beings, which is borrowed here as a Zen monk. At the end of the day, the psalmist politely begged them for a panacea to cure his physical and mental ailments. This, of course, is said out of courtesy and respect, and the beggar pill should be directed at them to ask for the path to liberation.
The plantain is brittle and not solid, although it is as fragile as life, which is sentimental. But the literati inkers, the love for basho, is by no means more than this, more is the artistic conception, especially the rain basho. Zheng Banqiao is a famous talent for his strangeness, he is the representative of the eight monsters of Yangzhou, and his poetry and painting can be called three best. He painted, and only painted orchids, bamboo, and stones in his lifetime, calling himself "the orchid of four hours, the bamboo of a hundred knots of evergreen, the undefeated stone of eternity, and the unchangeable person of thousands of years." This is his charm and charm. Among his poems, there is a poem "Wing Basho", but it is written with a deep feeling like the sea:
The banana leaves are amorous, and one leaf is only comfortable and one leaf is born.
Self-love is inexhaustible, but it teaches the wind and rain to complain about autumn.
The banana leaf is like a silkworm cocoon, the banana leaf that grows out has just opened, and the new leaf has emerged again, and it is like a person's lovesickness, gushing endlessly, and the pumping cannot be finished. And these grown banana leaves, but in the autumn wind and autumn rain, emitted a series of grumbling sounds, as if the acacia's tender complaints. The banana leaves are very peculiar, very different from other leaves, characterized by large and few leaves, a banana tree has only a few leaves, but it is surprisingly large, like a huge fan. Leaf stool is easy to attract wind and rain, so the plantain in the wind and rain, whether it is the dance posture of the form, or the sound emitted by the rain hitting the plantain, is a must. There is also a must, that is, new leaves grow from the top of the banana tree, optimus prime, like a scroll, the most distinctive. The Tang Dynasty poet Qian Jue has a poem called "Unexplored Basho", which is dedicated to its form:
Cold candle smokeless green wax dry, fragrant heart is still curled up in the cold of spring.
What is hidden in a book will be secretly demolished by the East Wind.
This unexplored new banana leaf, in the poet's pen, is like a green unlit cold candle, because it is afraid of the cold and does not dare to unfold, just like the heart of a young girl, although it has sprouted, but because of shyness, it does not dare to easily pour out her heart in front of people. It was like a sealed book full of content. Who will be the reader? The poet said it was the east wind. Because the east wind blows, the banana leaf is slowly opened, just like a person slowly opening the book to read, this description is too vivid, it is really amazing.
Another Tang Dynasty poet, Lu Deyan, in his poem "Basho" is, has a similar description:
A kind of spiritual phenomenon, natural physical weakness.
The leaves are like oblique boundary paper, and the heart is like pouring out a book.
He said that this plantain was a different kind of spiritual seedling, and its physique was illusory and unreal. This feature has already been said above, peeled off layer by layer, and in the end, there is nothing. And its leaves are like pieces of twill paper, and the banana heart is like an upside-down scroll book. Although this poetic realm is also good, it is obviously much inferior to Qian Jue's poetry.
Liang Guode, who now lives in Yangcheng, read the history of the scriptures at an early age, and wrote poetry and literature without quitting. His works have appeared in the newspapers and periodicals "Guangzhou Daily", "Lingnan Poetry", "Gaoliang Poetry", "Southern City Weekly", "Maoming Daily", "Chinese Poetry", "Poetry Monthly" and so on.
(Image from the Internet)