Vegetable archives kale (2) purple cabbage
1. Basic information
Chinese name: Purple cabbage
Scientific name: None
Aliases: red cabbage, red cabbage, purple cabbage
Family: Cruciferous brassica
Distribution: Originating from the Mediterranean coast of Europe to the north sea coast, It has been planted in China for less than 100 years, and can be planted anywhere that can grow kale.
Uses: The leaves are mainly cold mixing, which can be fried, made into kimchi and salad
Second, morphological characteristics
Purple cabbage is an annual vegetable and is a type of brussels sprout, with purple-red outer leaves and leaf bulbs. The hypertrophic cone main root is not deep into the soil, and the lateral roots are densely networked, mostly distributed in the soil layer within 30 cm; the stem is divided into short shrunken stems and flower stems, generally the shorter the shorter the stem, the tighter the leaf bulb, the better the quality; the leaves can be divided into cotyledons, basal leaves, seedling leaves, rosette leaves, bulbs and stem leaves, and the leaf color is red or purple-red
Ovate leaves and veins purple-red, leaf flesh hypertrophy, smooth leaf surface, covered with off-white wax powder; leaf bulbs are firm and shiny; the fruit is longhorn, cylindrical, the seeds are reddish brown or black brown; the flowering and fruiting period is 4-6 months.
Third, the growth habit
1. Temperature. Purple cabbage is a semi-hardy vegetable that prefers cool climates. The appropriate temperature for seed germination is 15-25 ° C, and the suitable temperature for outer leaf growth is 20-25 ° C. The knot is suitable for temperature 15-25 ° C. Strong cold resistance, can withstand -7 °C short-term low temperature.
2. Sunshine. Purple cabbage is a long-day plant, the first year to form a leaf bulb, the following year in the low temperature of 2-6 °C to complete the vernalization, encounter long sunshine conditions to smoke moss, flowering, fruit.
3. Soil. Purple cabbage has a wide adaptability to soil, and grows most vigorously in soils with pH of 5.5-6.8. Salinity-tolerant prefers fertile soils, preferably sandy loams with deep and fertile soil layers and good drainage.
3. Water and fertilizer. Purple cabbage root system has strong absorption, large leaves evaporation, and large water demand. It prefers fertilizer and is resistant to fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer.
4. Harvesting. Harvest the whole plant at the right time.
Fourth, planting points
1. Sowing seedlings. The planting time is generally autumn sowing in August and September, and in very few areas, it can be planted in March. Purple cabbage adopts the method of sowing seedlings and replanting, which can be used as a container or in the field to raise seedlings, sow, cover the soil with one centimeter after sowing, and water enough, such as the temperature is too low, it must be covered with film insulation. Transplant when 4 to 6 true leaves grow.
2. Land preparation and colonization. The land is deeply ploughed, finely leveled, and buried with base fertilizer. Plant rows 60/50 cm apart and water enough after planting.
3. Daily management. After colonization, about 20 to 25 degrees, it can make purple cabbage grow rapidly; water frequently, keep the soil moist, help the growth of purple cabbage roots; purple cabbage needs to be chased 3-4 times of fertilizer during the growth process, and each time topdressing is best combined with medium tillage or watering; weeding 2-3 times before sealing.
Fifth, the introduction of varieties
The main varieties of purple cabbage:
1. Ruby. Medium and early maturing varieties, suitable for spring and autumn open land and early spring protected planting, less outer leaves, purple red, round spherical leaf balls are compact, not easy to crack the balls, single ball weight 1, 5-2 kg, colonization to harvest about 72 days.
2. Early red. Early maturing varieties, with strong growth potential, are suitable for spring and autumn protected areas and open land planting. The outer leaves are dark grey-green, the veins are dark purple-red, the round leaf bulbs are purple-red, and the single ball weighs about 1 kg, and it is colonized until about 65 days of harvest.
3. Zigan No. 1. Late maturing varieties, strong growth potential, heat resistance and disease resistance, suitable for spring protected and open-field planting. The outer leaves are dark purple-red, the leaf surface wax powder is abundant, the round leaf bulbs are purple-red, the single bulb weighs 2-3 kg, and it is colonized until harvest for 80-90 days.
Sixth, the difference between kale and purple cabbage
Kale is a horticultural variant of edible kale, with a variety of colors, edible, and good taste. It differs from purple cabbage as follows:
1, the role is different. The unique kale is a genus of kale in the cruciferous family, mostly used as a garden application, and is more common in road flower bed decoration, with brilliant colors and high ornamental value. Purple cabbage is a genus of cloud moss in the family Cruciferaceae, which is mainly edible.
2. The blades are different. The leaves of kale are varied in color and very colorful; the inverted ovate leaves have wavy folds and the leaves are not bulbous. The leaves of purple cabbage are purple, and the place near the leaf vein will be slightly green, and the whole is closer to round, and the leaves of purple cabbage will curl up and knot as they grow.
3, the taste is different. Kale has a general taste and is crispy in the mouth. The taste of purple cabbage is sweet in the mouth, and it is suitable for salads.