"Weeping for the Six Armies, Chong Guan's anger into a red face", a "Yuanyuan Song" let the battle-hardened Wu Sangui add a soulful filter, Wu Sangui and Chen Yuanyuan sound like a touching love story, but is this really the case?
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > to accurately recognize and evaluate a person, you have to look at it from his upbringing. </h1>
In the 40th year of the Wanli Calendar in 1612, Wu Sangui was born in the Liaoxi Shogun family, learned martial arts from an early age, and was good at riding and shooting. When he was seven or eight years old, he could take his family to the mountains and forests alone and fight against wild beasts. At the age of ten, his father Wu Xiang married Zu Dashou's sister as a continuation. Zu Dashou was a noble family living in western Liaoning, Wu Xiang became Zu Dashou's brother-in-law, and Wu Sangui became Zu Dashou's nephew. The marriage of the Zu and Wu families enabled Wu Xiang and Wu Sangui to find a strong backer. The two families colluded with each other, formed an interest group, frantically amassed wealth in western Liaoning, occupied thousands of acres of land, and began to cultivate private armed forces.
Relying on Zu Dashou's background, his father Wu Xiang's official position rose rapidly, and he was quickly promoted from a staff general under Zu Dashou to a commander in chief. Chongzhen was promoted to the rank of commander-in-chief of Jinzhou for four years. In the process, his father Wu Xiang climbed the grand eunuch Gao Qiqian and made Wu Sangui recognize him as a dry father.
In the seventh year of the Apocalypse, Wu Sangui was 15 years old and was hit by a martial artist. Soon after that, Wu Sangui became a Chinese officer under his uncle. For a long time after that, he had been guarding Liaodong and cooperating with Hou Jin (later Qing) to fight and kill. When Hou Jin came, he went to fight the battle, and when the time came, Hou Jin had already retreated, so he picked up a few Hou Jin's heads and mixed up the military industry, and sometimes there were not enough people in the village to slaughter and shave their heads and change their clothes as Hou Jin soldiers. During this period, Wu Sangui's official position also steadily increased.
In the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), the governor of Jiliao, Hong Chengzuo, the governor of Liaodong, Fang Yizao, the governor of Liaodong, and the eunuch of the two towns of Guanning, Gao Qiqian, reported to the imperial court for approval, and Wu Sangui was promoted to the commander-in-chief of the Ningyuan Regiment at the age of 27.
In the fourth year of Chongzhen, Wu Sangui was 30 years old, and the Emperor Taiji besieged Jinzhou and was appointed as one of the eight general soldiers, and in August the two armies fought a decisive battle at Songshan.
Battle of Songshan The fierce battle of Songshan lasted ten days, the Ming army was defeated, and the Qing army won. Hong Chengzu, who had made many military achievements, was surrendered by Emperor Taiji, and Wu Sangui's old uncle Zu Dashou did not resist much, surrendered the city, accepted shaved hair and changed clothes, and was given the position of commander of the Yellow Banner of the Han Army. At this point, the Songshan defense line collapsed, and the Ming Dynasty was left with only an isolated city of Ningyuan outside the Guan, and the iron hooves of the Qing Eight Banners were getting closer and closer to Shanhaiguan. For Wu Sangui, as soon as he received the news of the defeat, Wu Sangui fled in a hurry. The 3,000 Ding under his command were not damaged in the slightest, and they also took in the Guanning Iron Horse, which was defeated by Zu Dashou. You know, the Guanning Iron Horse is the elite of the elite.
Guanning Iron Ride
Therefore, Wu Sangui, who had a heavy army in his hands, did not dare to pursue responsibility because of the Enemy's Daming on all sides at that time, and also promoted Wu Sangui. Soon after, the Beijing division was in a hurry again, and Chongzhen recruited Wu Sangui to help Beijing, but Wu Sangui, who had received the order, marched like a snail. When Wu Sangui arrived, the Qing army had already retreated. Chongzhen thanked his former King Jingqin for bestowing him with the Sword of Shangfang. In September of the same year, the Qing army very friendly bypassed Ningyuan, where Wu Sangui was located, and laid the middle and front office of the Houshou Qiantun, and all three cities fell in seven or eight days. At this time, Wu Sangui was drinking and singing in Beijing, which can really be described as "the warrior army is half dead and alive, and the beauty is singing and dancing under the tent." "Among the beautiful maihimes, the beauty led by the leader is born beautiful like a heavenly immortal, and Chen Yuanyuan appears. Wu Sangui was fascinated, and Tian Hongyu, who arranged for this liquor bureau, pushed the boat along the water to promise Chen Yuanyuan to Wu Sangui.
Beautiful Chen Yuanyuan
summary
It can be seen from Wu Sangui's gradual mastery of heavy troops that he has always been attached to the corrupt bureaucratic collective for his own interests. As a typical military bureaucrat, Wu Sangui has always thought not about defending the country and being loyal to the monarch, but about how to seize the greatest interests in war and preserve his greatest strength. So can you imagine that he will lower his back for a beautiful woman? What's more, he would abandon his father to death for his own benefit.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > so the main reason why Wu Sangui descended to the Qing Dynasty? </h1>
I think it is mainly the contradiction between the peasant class and the large landlord bureaucratic class.
After Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, in order to raise military salaries, he tortured the Hao gentry with sticks one by one, and at once he made more than 70 million taels of silver. You know, when Chongzhen was too poor to open the pot, he called on the civilian officials and nobles to donate, but they did not expect that they would collectively cry poor, and finally only took out more than 100,000 taels of silver. Thus, in this way, Li Zicheng completely stood on the opposite side of the civil servants and gentry. As a typical large landlord bureaucrat, Wu Sangui is also his own interests above all else, and Li Zicheng's banner is still Juntian Fu to fight local tycoons, and naturally he will not surrender to Li Zicheng's department. At this time, however, the Manchu Qing Dynasty behaved as a "Holy Lord Ming jun" and agreed to retain Wu Sangui's homeland and crown himself king.
For the sake of his own interests, regardless of his family in Beijing, he wanted to keep his troops to make a ladder for his political future, so he went around the three sides of the Ming dynasty and finally made a choice. As for Chen Yuanyuan, it was just an excuse given to him by posterity.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Wu Sangui as a traitor and brutal to his compatriots</h1>
The most cruel are not the enemy, but the traitors who understand us.
Wu Sangui, who had already surrendered, turned his head and secretly attacked Tang Tongbu, who had already surrendered to Li Zicheng, and Shanhaiguan also fell into Wu Sangui's hands. At the same time, he also wrote a letter to his father, stating that he had severed the relationship between father and son and angrily scolded his father for stealing his life. After Wu Sangui took over Shanhaiguan, he actively contacted the Qing army and helped the Manchu Qing plan the march route, so the Manchu Qing took more than 120,000 people from all over the country to block the national transportation and prepare to enter the customs.
On the eve of the Battle of Shanhaiguan, Li Zicheng constantly persuaded Wu Sangui to surrender, and promised him official rank and rich property. However, Wu Sangui began to deploy his position to prepare for war at any time. The two sides fought fiercely for two days at the Shihe Beach at Shanhaiguan, and the fight came and went. The Qing army was not in a hurry to strike, watching the two armies fight each other. After Wu Sangui and Dolgun negotiated the conditions, the Qing army entered the pass and attacked the Dashun army, Li Zicheng's troops were defeated in an instant, after which Wu Sangui shaved his hair and wore pigtails, and changed to full clothes to return to the Manchu Qing.
After entering the pass, he followed the Qing army in the north to attack Ming colleagues, attack the Shun army, sweep the people, occasionally slaughter the city, and did not recognize the legitimacy of the Wanli Emperor's descendant Fu Wang, hostile to Nanming, Shi Kefa sent emissaries to find him to worship, he did not accept, put on a stinky face to humiliate Shi Kefa, humiliated Nanming. In the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), the Qing government again transferred Wu Sangui to the pass, and together with the Eight Banners general Li Guohan, he and the town of Hanzhong killed the remnants of the anti-Qing rebel army in the northwest region. During this period, in order to show his loyalty to the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui not only brutally suppressed the remnants of the peasant army and slaughtered the city at every turn, but also spared no effort to kill some descendants of Zhu Ming who rebelled against the Qing. The change in Wu Sangui's thinking and actions made the central government of the Qing Dynasty rely more heavily on him, and the remnants of the anti-Qing rebels in the northwest region were wiped out.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Rebellion of San Francisco and established himself as king</h1>
When the Manchu Qing controlled the world through the Han, the position was already in prison, and Kangxi began to cut the domain.
In the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1673), for his own interests again, in November, Wu Sangui killed Zhu Guozhi, the governor of Yunnan, claiming that the whole world was recruiting soldiers and horses, proposing to "Xingming to seek revenge" and rebelling.
In the end, the army was defeated and he died of illness.
As for Chen Yuanyuan due to his old age and decline, coupled with the discord with Wu Sangui's wife, and Wu Sangui's other favorite Ji, he gradually fell out of favor, so he resigned from the palace and entered the Tao, "Cloth and vegetables, and worship The Buddha will spend his life" ("Tianxiangge Essay"). A generation of red makeup has since fallen into luxury and loneliness.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > written at the end</h1>
Yong Li scolded Wu Sangui, "Ru is not Han Chinese?" Ru fei Daming chenzihu? What is the traitor who treasoned and defeated the king to this point? ”
Chinese from ancient times to the present, they have paid tribute to the loyal martyrs, and Qu Yuan, who is loyal to the king and worried about the people, Su Wu who shepherds sheep in beihai, Yue Fei who is loyal to the country, and Wen Tianxiang, who generously died, have all been admired by posterity.
The remnants of Li Zicheng were initially attacked by the Ming and Qing dynasties, but eventually united with the Ming Dynasty, gave up the hatred of the past, and in order to protect the Han people's Jiangshan, li Zicheng finally ran out of mountains and rivers, took the whole family to self-immolation, and preferred to die rather than surrender. Zhang Xianzhong's remnant Li Dingguo, the two famous kings, fought a bloody battle in the south, in order to survive the Han regime and to protect the Taoist unity of China.
Wu Sangui, who has no principles but only interests, is a despicable historical figure from any point of view, who only cares about his own power, betrays his own nation and country, and is a cunning careerist who will only be nailed to the pillar of shame and spurned by future generations.
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