Lyrical Pride in Lonely Autumn - Appreciation of Liu Yuxi's Autumn Poetry (Part 1)

Lonely autumn lyrical pride

——Appreciation of Liu Yuxi's Yongqiu Poems (Part 1)

Wang Chuanxue

"Sorrowful Autumn is also angry! The grass and trees fell and decayed. (Song Yu's "Nine Debates") Thousands of years ago, in the ordinary autumn when the leaves fell, Song Yu's sad voice made the swaying of the grass and trees shake all the way to our lungs. About parting, lovesickness, the rush of life, the withering of time... Such feelings descended from Song Yu, all the way to the sad song, spread through the ages. So much so that when Du Fu went to visit Song Yu's former residence, he continued that sigh: "Shake down and know Song Yu's sorrow very well, and the flow of grace and elegance is also my teacher." Hope for a thousand autumns to shed tears, depression is different at the same time. ("Five Songs of Yonghuai Ancient Monuments" Part II) When the autumn wind rises again and the grass and trees fall, we will think of Song Yu's sadness.

In China's ancient literature, "autumn" is often equated with "sadness" and "sorrow". Especially in the many poems of Wing Qiu, sad autumn has become a permanent theme.

Of course, in the Yongqiu poems, there are also some poets who face the autumn scenery of Xiao Ser and trigger the pride in their hearts.

"Autumn wind is cold, and the flood waves are rising", this is a famous verse in Cao Cao's "Guancang Sea" by the statesman and poet of the Three Kingdoms. Facing the autumn wind, the sea in the poet's eyes is turbulent, the weather is magnificent, and there is a kind of shocking magnificence.

Liu Yuxi, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty who is known as "Shihao", often exudes optimism about admiring the beauty of autumn and expressing his inner pride in his Yongqiu poems. Among them, the most prominent are the two poems of "Autumn Words".

These two poems written in autumn are cheerful and bright, showing the poet's positive and optimistic state of mind. The value of these two poems lies in the fact that the poet's feelings about autumn are different, contrary to the sad autumn mood of others in the past, with unrestrained enthusiasm, vivid pictures, and enthusiastic praise for the beauty of autumn scenery, singing a high-spirited inspirational song.

These two poems were written by Liu Yuxi when he was first degraded to Lang Prefecture (present-day Changde, Hunan). Although he was belittled, he was not pessimistic and depressed. In the poem, the poet expresses his optimism and high-spirited enterprising spirit by singing the praises of the splendor of autumn.

First look at the "Autumn Words" one:

Since ancient times, autumn has been sad and lonely, and I have said that autumn is better than spring dynasty.

　　 A crane in the clear sky lined up on the clouds, and it led the poetry to the blue sky.

The first two sentences of the poem are arguments, which directly express the views of the autumn sun and the spring dynasty; the last two sentences express the poet's heroic optimism vividly by the image of the white crane rising in the clouds in the clear sky.

"Since ancient times, autumn is sad and lonely", the poem begins with a blunt and sad old tune, without concealment. "I say that autumn will triumph over spring dynasty", contrary to the tragic tone of the ages, the poet praises autumn better than spring, and shows his attitude in the first person, showing the poet's tenacity to never compromise with the forces of decay.

　　The words "clear sky and a crane on the clouds" and "clear sky" depict the characteristics of autumn in the high and refreshing autumn, which is incomparable to the windy sand and cold spring in spring. In the context of the poet's depreciation, a lone crane soars straight into the sky and strikes the long sky, and the author's intention is self-evident. This image is the essence of the whole poem. It makes people feel that the poet's degraded and repressed emotions naturally fly with the crane to the clouds, spreading its wings and flying! The poet's positive, optimistic, and upward conviction has "led poetry to the blue sky".

　　This is a struggling lone crane, it does not hesitate to grow between the swampy lakes, but to fight in the long sky, to show its majesty. Obviously, the lone crane that is independent in the cold autumn and proudly vacates the air is the embodiment of the poet's ideal, and only such a crane can dare to say "autumn wins the spring dynasty".

　　The poet deeply understands that the essence of the tragic autumn in ancient times is that the heroes are disillusioned, disappointed in reality, and pessimistic about the future, so they only see depression in autumn, feel lonely, and are dead. The poet sympathized with their plight and situation, but disagreed with their feelings of pessimism and disappointment. In response to this sense of loneliness, he said that autumn was better than the spring that everything sprouted and flourished, emphasizing that autumn was not lifeless, but very vibrant. He guided the people to see the crane that flapped its wings and held high, in the clear autumn sky, the clouds went straight up, and it was vigorous and vigorous, and it was full of great achievements. Obviously, this crane is unique and lonely. But it is the tenacious struggle of this crane that breaks through the autumn killing atmosphere, opens up a unique face for nature, and makes the spirit of the volunteers shake. This crane is the embodiment of the indomitable warrior and the embodiment of the spirit of struggle. So the poet said, "Then lead the poetry to the blue sky." "Poetry", "poetry" is the spirit. If people really have ambition, they have the spirit of struggle, and they will not feel lonely.

Look at the second part of "Autumn Words":

The mountains and rivers come to frost at night, and several trees are dark red and light yellow.

　　 Try to go up to the tall building to clear the bone, it is like a spring color madness.

"The mountains and rivers come to frost at night, and the trees are dark red and light yellow", the first two sentences of the poem write about autumn scenery. The poet simply realistically outlines its true colors and shows its characteristics. The mountains and rivers are clear, bright and white; the trees are frosted, red and yellow, and the color is deep. Exuding elegant and leisurely love rhyme, a sober demeanor, people are respected.

"Try to go up to the tall building to clear the bones, it is like the spring color is crazy", the poet further strengthened the refreshing elegance of the autumn color, and said that if you do not believe, try to look at the tall building, it will make you feel clear to the bone, the thought is clear, and the mood is solemn and deep. It will not be like the bustling and colorful spring color, teaching people to be frivolous. The last sentence uses the "spring color is crazy" to set off the poetry purpose, pointing out the poet's love for autumn color. The whole poem uses anthropomorphic techniques, vivid images, and profound meaning.

The theme of these two "Autumn Words" is the same, but each side can be written in a separate chapter and complement each other. One praises autumn qi, and the other sings autumn colors. Qi is inspirational, and color is affectionate. Therefore, praise autumn qi with beauty and ambition, and praise autumn colors to praise the innocence of sentiment. The scenery moves with people, and the color is emotional. The scenery is like makeup, see the temperament, show morality. Spring colors are pleasing to the eye, and autumn scenery is known for the wind and bones.

　　These are two improvised poems that express arguments. The poet expresses profound thoughts through distinct artistic images, which have both philosophical meaning and artistic charm, which is thought-provoking and intriguing. These two "Autumn Words" give people not only the vitality and plain color of autumn, but also awaken people's heroism and noble sentiments to strive for ideals, and obtain profound beauty and fun.

Liu Yuxi's "The First Smell of the Autumn Wind" exudes a magnificent pride:

In the past, I saw Huang Ju and Jun farewell, but now I listen to Xuan Cicada and I return.

Five nights of fluttering pillow pre-sleep, a year in the mirror.

Ma Si's grass fist moved, and the carved Qingyun slept openly.

Heaven and earth were cleared and looked around, and junfu was on the high platform.

This poem is different from the "tragic autumn" work of ordinary literati, which is a high-pitched autumn song that expresses a unique aesthetic point of view and the spirit of artistic innovation.

Shou Lian ingeniously created a sentient image of "I", the "autumn wind" in the poem' title, that is, the symbol of "autumn". When she returns to the human world, she goes to look for the long-departed "jun",that is, the poet. She fondly recalled that she was separated from the poet when she watched Huang Ju last year, and at this moment, as soon as she heard the chirping of the autumn cicadas, she returned to the poet's side to say goodbye. Here the poet adopts an anthropomorphic technique, inking from the other side, vividly creating a wonderful and emotional mood. According to the Book of Rites and The Order of the Moon, juju yellow is in the autumn of the season, that is, when autumn comes to winter; the sound of cicadas is in Mengqiu, that is, when the summer is over and autumn comes. "Look at the yellow chrysanthemum" and "listen to the cicadas" vividly and accurately point out the season when the autumn wind goes and returns.

The jaw link is written by the poet from his own point of view. The poet said: At five o'clock, the cool breeze is blowing, and as soon as you hear this familiar voice, you know that "you" have returned. After a year of not seeing, "you" is still so vigorous and solemn, but my aging face is revealed in the mirror. The first sentence is a positive point out of "the first smell of the autumn wind", the latter sentence is written from the sigh generated by this; and the previous two sentences are read continuously, as if it is a dialogue of words and feelings.

Reading this, it is quite a bit of the autumn wind is still not the old taste, but the neck link "Ma Sibian grass fist hair movement, carved Qing Yun sleeping eyes open", turn hard, the spirit of hard work suddenly arose. Although the war horse was old, it still missed the grass at the border pass, and its fist hair trembled from time to time, as if it were about to charge into battle; the eagle eagle saw the blue sky and white clouds, and its squinting eyes immediately opened, ready to fight the blue sky at any time. A majestic look jumped out of the paper.

When it comes to the tail union, "heaven and earth are cleared and can be looked at, and the high platform is raised for the Junfu disease", because there is a neck link "Ma Sibian Grass" and "Carved Qing Yun" as Bixing, the meaning of the image of the autumn wind here is also self-evident. The word "for the king" corresponds to the beginning, the context is clear, and the structure is complete. The word "help the sick" is implicitly deducted from the fourth sentence, writing out the reason for the decay of the face in one year. However, despite this, the poet's pride is undiminished, and he is on the high platform, which shows his love for Qiu even more, and reflects the poet's will to improve himself. It can be seen that the preface "One year in the mirror of the face" is to promote the first inhibition, in order to set off the spirit of the face although the shape is weakened, the heart is like a stone.