Once in Changsha, head straight to the Xiang River.
Orange Island in the Xiang River. I have long been familiar with a poem: "Independence in the cold autumn, the XiangJiang River goes north, and the orange island head ----." When I came to visit him, I saw him looking eternally into the distance, "Seeing that the ten thousand mountains are red and the forests are dyed, and the rivers are clear and transparent, and the hundreds of boats are competing for the current." Eagles strike long skies, fish soar shallow bottoms, and all kinds of frost days compete for freedom. ”
I chose this angle in the orange grove. Because, the flowers are blooming, the oranges are bearing fruit.
On this trip, I also wanted to know the cultural background around him in his youth. So he turned around and went to Yuelu Academy.
Come to Changsha for humanistic tourism, Yuelu Academy at the foot of Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of the Xiang river is a must-visit place. The famous Yuelu Academy, one of the four famous academies in ancient China, was founded in 976 AD in the Northern Song Dynasty. The door "Yuelu Academy" is the handwriting of Song Zhenzong. The couplet "Only Chu has material, Yu Si is sheng" hanging on both sides of the gate, which originates from the classics and tells the historical fact that Yuelu Academy has been talented.
This traditional college building has been completely preserved to this day, and a group of courtyards, stone tablets, bricks and tiles, and a branch of wind and lotus are all immersed in the background of the humanistic spirit of Huxiang. The college now has the Institute of Chinese Thought and Culture of Hunan University, the Institute of Chinese Philosophy, the Institute of History, the Research Center of Chinese Academy, and the Huxiang Culture Research Base. The blood of the millennium academy is long.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi came to Yuelu Academy to give lectures, and often got up in the morning to climb Yuelu Mountain to watch the sunrise, calling the top of Yuelu Mountain "Hexi". In the Ming Dynasty, Hexi Terrace was built on the top of the mountain, and later moved to be built in front of Yuelu Academy.
The three-character plaque of "Hexitai" was written by Zhu Xi. The Southern Song Dynasty theorist Zhang Yu, the founder of the Ming Dynasty Mind Science Wang Shouren, Mao Zedong and others have left poems related to Hexitai, which are now engraved on this screen.
Photographs taken here should be "positioned". The lecture hall, located in the center of the College, is the teaching center of the College and the place where major events are held, and is also the core part of the College. Zhang Yu and Zhu Xi once held a "meeting lecture" here, which was the first meeting of Chinese academies.
At the ideological and academic level, Confucianism in the Central Plains is the source of Huxiang culture, and the plaque of "Daonan Zhengmai" hanging in the lecture hall of Yuelu Academy shows the Confucian orthodoxy represented by Huxiang culture.
Good familiar proposition. In fact, it has already appeared in the lecture hall.
The essence of Huxiang culture, which is now more recognized and more typical, mainly has two sayings: one is "worrying about the world, daring to be the first, applying it to the world, and seeking truth from facts"; the other is "worrying about the world, daring to be the first, persevering, and eclectic".
The lecture hall is lined with two schools on both sides, namely the teaching fast and the half school fast, which are the former residences of teachers and students, and students spend a lot of time here to study on their own. The young Mao Zedong lived here many times, and here he edited the Xiangjiang Review and the New Hunan. With the cool breeze, I sat here for a while.
Huxiang culture originates from Yanhuang and Shennong cultures, and is eclectic to excellent cultural traditions. The Chu culture of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties had an important influence on the Huxiang culture constructed after the Two Song Dynasties. Kizumi Pavilion, point out the true meaning.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuelu Academy became the birthplace of the Huxiang School. Huxiang philosophical thought, with Hu Anguo in the Song Dynasty as the founder, Li Hu Hong, Zhang Shu, Wang Fuzhi, Wei Yuan, Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang, Tan Sitong, Yang Changji, and even Mao Zedong, formed their own unique style.
In the Context of Huxiang, the academic thoughts and academic pursuits of the sages are all aimed at the way of Confucius and Mencius; and observing the Xiang people, you will feel the strong and stubborn personality of the Jingchu Mountain People. These two cultural combinations are interpenetrating; Huxiang academic thought combines the moral spirit of science with the practical merits of the world, and the characteristics of this academic culture have continued into modern times.
There are many existing classics in the Royal Library on the top of chongyi Xie Mountain, which are available for some teachers and students of Hunan University to study and consult.
Since Qu Yuan and Jia Yi, the reason why Huxiang culture has become a unique regional culture in its long-term historical development lies in the spirit of exploration and openness and the spirit of independent innovation that dares to be the first in the world.
The garden architecture of Yuelu Academy is also integrated into the cultural heritage of Huxiang, which is different from the grand and gorgeous performance of the official palace garden, and also different from the exquisite and fancy pursuit of the private garden, but reflects the spirit of a scholar culture, with an elegant and simple style.
It lasted for thousands of years and the strings sang endlessly. In 1903, the college was reorganized into Hunan Higher School, and in 1926 it was named Hunan University. It is now part of Hunan University. Natural landscape and cultural landscape water and milk integration, traditional culture and modern civilization shine together, undergraduate, master's and doctoral degrees in this good situation to study and research, today's Hunan University students, it is really blessed!.
Countless students of Yuelu Academy take the world as their own responsibility and become shining stars in the sky of history. It's already summer vacation, and there are still groups of students everywhere, diligently pursuing it. We can only "walk" here for half a day. Don't bother them, evacuate!
Changsha moved south into Hengyang. Shigu Academy, founded in the Tang Dynasty, was established in 810 AD and has a history of 1200 years. The original site was in Shigu Mountain, Hengyang, which was destroyed by Japanese artillery fire during the defense of Hengyang. A few years ago, shigu academy was rebuilt in Shigu District. Jin Shi Gengzhongchu's "Guan Shi Drum Book" Yun: "The sounding stone contains a latent sound, and the thunder shocks for nine days." The Northern Wei Li Daoyuan's "Notes on the Water Classics" says: "With a stone drum six feet high, the Xiangshui water passes, and the drum sound has the potential of military revolution." "Shigu Mountain is steep and tall, the scenery is strange, and it has always been known as the first scenic spot in Hunan.
Shigu Academy is a thousand-year-old institution that has gone through the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, And Qing dynasties and the Six Dynasties of the Republic of China, and the academy has been expanded and repaired many times, and the context is continuous. According to records, Su Shi, Zhou Dunyi, Zhu Xi, Zhang Yu, Cheng Xun, Zheng Xiang, Zhao Dazhou, Lin Xueyi, Cai Runan, Li Tongye, and others taught here, and cultivated Wang Juren, Xia Rubi, Zou Tonglu, Zhu Bingru, Wang Fuzhi, Zeng Guofan, Peng Yulin, Yang Du, qi Baishi, and so on in Hengyang. These "big coffees" are all people who have had a major impact on China's history and culture.
How do you feel that there is a figure of Teacher Zhu everywhere?
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi wrote the "Record of Shigu Academy", which specifically expounded the guiding ideology, teaching content, educational priorities, and teaching methods of the academy. In particular, he advocated the study of righteousness and self-cultivation as the purpose of running the school, in order to achieve the educational purpose of "clear morality and righteousness and righteousness of the people's hearts", which was emulated by all colleges in the country at that time, and had a profound impact on the running of schools in the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.
This small scene was photographed in the pond outside the academy. I remembered "Eileen Says" and remembered its author, Zhou Dunyi. His hometown is in Yongzhou Dao County, Hunan, not far from here. Gazing at the blooming flowers, as if listening to his lecture here.
Successive generations of famous teachers and great Confucians have come here to preach on stage, making Shigu a school as far away as The Beijing Division and the near Heng, Yong, Chen, and Guishizi aspire to and gather, become a remarkable Confucian dissemination base in huxiang area, and develop into a model for ancient Chinese "lecture-style" academies, making outstanding contributions to the evolution and development of Huxiang culture.
The Nanyue Martyrs' Shrine, which is covered with pines and cypresses under the peak of the incense burner in Hengshan Mountain, is specially designed to commemorate the anti-Japanese martyrs. It's like walking through a door of history and evoking the memory of that generous and tragic song. In the middle of the "Seven-Seven" memorial tower, there are five large, four and small shells pointing directly at the blue sky, symbolizing the unity of the people of all ethnic groups and their resolute resistance to the war. Solemn tombstones are immersed in the "bloodiness" of Huxiang history and culture.
The magnificent mausoleum, built in the form of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing, is one of the important memorial sites for the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. I found the tombstones of some familiar Nationalist generals. Su Li for a long time imagined the fierce defense of Changsha and Hengyang. Blue blood stains China, and famous mountains bury loyal bones. Sincerely salute them, for the sake of Chinese conscience.
Sweating profusely, he climbed Zhu Rong Peak on Mount Heng in Nanyue. I heard that here are the relics of Tang Yao Yu Shun and other ancestors who patrolled the sacrifices, passing on the moving legends of Zhu Rong sowing fire and Han Yu Kaiyun, engraving the ancient chants of poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu, and echoing the footsteps of Zhu Xi, Wang Fuzhi, Wei Yuan and other sages. Legend has it that Dayu also climbed the southern outskirts of Hengshan Mountain to look at the Nine Peaks to worship Shun, and King Mu of Zhou traveled to Hengshan to leave the Xitai monuments. Hengshan's numerous places of interest and monuments record a long historical context.