Different from the cowardice and incompetence of Liu Chan, the lord of the Shu Han Dynasty, and the murderous nature of Sun Quan in his old age, both the Wei Wen Emperor Cao Pi and the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui completed the transition and mastery of power very well, and successfully took power of the Wei state, making the Wei state show a thriving trend, in stark contrast to the Liu Sun families who were curled up in Yizhou and Jiangdong. However, due to the early death of both Cao Pi and Cao Rui, and the successors were relatively young, the Cao clan's power fell, and sima Zhao eventually usurped Wei with Jin. However, in this process, as the last monarch, Cao Xian did not choose to compromise with Sima Zhao, "Rather be a noble township duke to die than to be a Han emperor", Cao Xian ended with his own death, perfectly interpreting the last stubbornness of the Great Wei Cao clan. Why did the power of the Cao clan of Great Wei fall into the hands of the Sima family? How did Cao Xi try to turn the tide and die in the rebellion?
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > first, the change of monarch, auxiliary ministers chaotic government</h1>
Although Cao Rui perfectly overcame the threat of the heavily armed Auxiliary Ministers, his successor was not as wise as he was. Although Cao Rui had always firmly held the supreme power of the State of Wei, he could not escape his untimely death, and before his death, he summoned Sima Yi into the palace, "I am very ill, and the future affairs belong to Jun, Junqi and Shuangfu Shaozi." "Cao Rui's abacus was a good one, and Sima Yi had wisdom, but after all, he was a foreign minister, and it was inevitable that there would be a risk of rebellion, so he promoted cao Shuang, who was optimistic about himself, to restrain Sima Yi and ensure Cao's control over the Wei Dynasty. But what Cao Rui did not expect was that it was Cao Shuang who first acted perversely and mistook the country.
Sima and Cao Shuang jointly assisted the young Cao Fang, "In the beginning, King Xuan took Shuang Wei's heart, and every time he pushed first, Shuang took the name of King Xuan, and also led him to be humble, and was called Yan at that time." However, Cao Shuang was no longer satisfied with this feeling of being tied up, and obeyed the plan of his close confidant Ding Mi, first honoring Sima Yi as a taifu, taking the opportunity to cut sima Yi's military power, and then appointing his second brother Cao Xi as the leader of the middle army, with Cao Xun as the general of wu wei, commanding the forbidden army's wuwei camp. In the past, he still had great respect for Sima Yi, but after placing the brothers in important positions and taking all the military power into his own hands, Cao Shuang directly kicked Sima Yi aside and began to dictate himself.
In order to establish a reputation for military merit, Cao Shuang ignored Sima Yi's persuasion and insisted on cutting down Shu, and suffered a great defeat, and later "moved the empress dowager to Yongning Palace, specialized in imperial politics, pro-party, and repeatedly changed the system", Cao Shuang's perverse behavior and misdeeds had already made many ministers in the dprk dissatisfied, and the ministers and generals headed by Sima Yi took the opportunity to launch a coup d'état when Cao Fang and Cao Shuang's three brothers went to Gaoping Tomb to pay homage to Emperor Wei Ming, and then cao Shuang and others were ambushed, and the power of the State of Wei was in the hands of Sima Yi.
After Sima Yi's death, Sima Shi took over the reins of power, and Sima Shi's wife, Xiahou Hui, the daughter of the Cao Wei general Xiahou Shang, knew early on that her husband had the heart of a disobedient, "Later, he knew that the emperor was not a pure subject of Wei, and then he was the nephew of Wei, and the emperor was deeply jealous of him." Sure enough, Sima Shi abolished Cao Fang, who was trying to regain power, and established Cao Xian, the Duke of GaoguiXiang, as emperor, and Sima Shi's brothers Sima Zhao continued to hold power.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, the clan is weak and difficult to resist</h1>
In terms of who to make the crown prince, Cao Ang, Cao Chong, Cao Pi, and Cao Zhi appeared in Cao Cao's vision successively, and the most capable candidate for the crown prince was Cao Ang, the son of Lady Liu of the main chamber, but after Cao Ang's death, Cao Pi, who was originally the second heir to the throne, did not get his wish, and each competitor gave him great pressure, so after ascending to the throne, Cao Pi repeatedly stripped the power of the king of the domain, often changed the fiefdom of the king of the domain, and did not give the right to rule and the military, and the actions of the king of the domain were strictly monitored, like a prison. At the same time, Cao Pi also decreed that "the group of ministers shall not play the role of the empress, and the hou clan family shall not be allowed to serve as an auxiliary government, and shall not be accepted by the lord of Maotu", consolidating the imperial power at the same time, resulting in the weakness of the clan relatives, laying hidden dangers for the inability to prevent foreign ministers from seizing power in the future.
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After Cao Rui ascended the throne, the overly strict clan policy of the Cao Pi period was improved, and the Wei clan developed to a certain extent, "changing the titles of princes and kings to the county as the country", and some princes were also able to enlist in the dynasty to participate in the imperial government. After Cao Shuang became the minister of the auxiliary state, he did increase the power of Cao Wei's clan office, and several members of the clan became generals in the army, Cao Xi was the leader of the army, Cao Xun was the general of Wu Wei, Cao Yan was a regular attendant of scattered horses, abolished the lieutenants of the five battalions of the forbidden army, the two battalions of soldiers were directly commanded by Cao Xi, and the forbidden army of the Beijing division was directly controlled by the Cao Shuang brothers, at the same time, Cao Shuang's cousin Xiahou Xuan was the central protector, responsible for the presidential generals, selecting military attaches in the army, and mastering the military generals. If Cao Shuang had great talent and the ability to protect Cao Wei, but he was full of warm desires and dictatorial chaos was obviously not the opponent of Sima Yi, the old minister of the Three Dynasties, after Cao Shuang was ambushed, several brothers were killed, weakening the strength of the clan, and the uneasy Sima Yi would also lock up other Cao Wei emperors, "The princes of Silu Wei were placed in Yi, and the orders were supervised, and they were not allowed to pass the pass", but unfortunately Cao Shuang wanted to launch a coup d'état, and only the guards and slaves in the palace were under his command, and failure or necessity.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > third, the ambition of Zhao Zhao, insufficient planning</h1>
Cao Xian's talents "only with Chen Si, Martial Taizu", as if Cao's literature has always been in the same vein, Cao Xian is quite accomplished, not only often with the ministers and literary theory, not completely absorbed the ancient texts, but often "confused the scriptures" and "doubt the ancient". Cao Xian was a very intelligent person, although he was committed to Sima Shi and Sima Zhao, he always wanted to regain power, and even after Sima Shi's death, he almost succeeded. Sima Zhao's heart is well known, then Cao Zhao's ambition is of course also seen by everyone, although Cao Xian is smart, he does not have the kind of shrewdness that temporarily conceals patience and hypocrisy, "with the talent of the emperor, and the time to cultivate obscurity, diligent governance and achievement, Wei Zuoqi can be rarely delayed", Cao Xian was naïve enough to think that he wanted to turn over just by relying on a single guard and slave, which was obviously impossible, and the result was that the plan failed and he died on the spot.
Cao Fang's resistance and results were seen by Cao Zhao, and Sima Zhao's heart was well known, if Cao Fang pretended to be stupid and let Sima Zhao act recklessly, he might be able to sacrifice the Shu kingdom to be a safe and happy duke like Liu Chan. However, Cao Xian had the backbone of sacrificing his life for righteousness, he was the last stubbornness of the Great Wei Cao clan, and everyone else could surrender to Sima Shi and bow to Sima Zhao, but he could not. Therefore, Cao Xianyi chose to resist without hesitation, "When he was fifteen years old, he was talented and relaxed, similar to Shaokang and Jin Gongluo. Mourn, mourn. "