Tianfu peanuts have two meanings, one refers to oil crops, and the other refers to leisure snacks. It is the largest peanut variety planted in the Sichuan Basin in the last century, and it is also one of the largest production, the widest sales area and the highest popularity of Sichuan snacks, and the manufacturer alone has Deyang, Ziyang, Jiangjin and Yibin, which are proud of Tianfu peanuts as local specialties.
Sichuan is China's traditional peanut province, since the Qing Dynasty has been with Lu, Henan, Hebei, Guangdong and other provinces in the forefront of planting, the basin north and south of the river through the hilly area is the main production area, north of Mianyang, Deyang, Nanchong, south of Neijiang, Yibin, Zigong, Yongchuan and other places, of which Luojiang chicken nest, Jintang deep nest, Nanchong pulled seed and other local fine seeds and peanuts introduced from Shandong, is the main peanut varieties in Sichuan in the early years.
Once Tianfu peanuts
In 1961, Zhang Xianwen, senior agronomist of the Nanchong Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, and others adopted the single-plant mixed selection method from the Luojiang chicken nest to breed "Nanchong Mixed Selection No. 1", which gathered the excellent characteristics of Sichuan peanuts, with the main characteristics of eagle's beak slimming, deep veining, keel bulge, obvious beak, two sections of double seeds, etc., which are important raw materials for processing peanut food, and these characteristics have also become the significant appearance labels of Tianfu peanuts later.
Two years later, the Institute of Agricultural Sciences took Nanchong Mixed Selection No. 1 as the father and Shandong Fu peanut as the mother, and bred "Tianfu No. 3" peanut, which gradually became the main promoted fine seed in Sichuan due to its excellent quality and high yield, and at the same time promoted to more than ten provinces across the country. After that, the Institute of Agricultural Sciences continued to work hard, and successively cultivated Tianfu No. 5, No. 7, No. 9, No. 10... Dozens of varieties to meet different planting environments and production needs, collectively known as Tianfu peanut series varieties.
Sichuan's peanut food processing and production has a long history, fried peanuts, salt-boiled peanuts, spiced peanuts, peanut candy, peanut cake, peanut crisp and other products have a history of tens of centuries, Luojiang, Jiangjin, Yibin and other places of salt crisp peanuts are also famous. After 1960, in order to generate income and build an economy in foreign exchange, Sichuan's native salt crisp peanuts also appeared on the foreign trade stage.
In 1961, Luojiang Supply and Marketing Cooperatives began to combine the local traditional technology to trial production of salt crisp peanuts for export, and sent samples to Hubei Port Company for customer commodity identification, and at the same time, the salt crisp peanuts produced by Jiangjin County Foreign Trade Station arrived at the same time, which were brought to Hong Kong by Hong Kong Lianyou Company for trial sales the following year after being recognized by Hong Kong businessmen and became a hit.
Senior agronomist Zhang Xianwen
At that time, the Hong Kong market, Thailand Wanliwang peanuts dominated, Sichuan salt crisp peanuts beautiful appearance, clean shell, salty, fresh, fragrant, crisp unique flavor, gradually by more and more people love. Coupled with the hype of Lianyou Company, the use of various media and exhibitions to publicize it, sales climbed year by year, and after years of fierce competition with Wanliwang, finally gained a foothold in Hong Kong and competed with Thai peanuts.
In 1967, in order to facilitate foreign propaganda, Sichuan salt crisp peanuts were renamed Tianfu peanuts, and foreign trade peanut processing plants were built in Luojiang and Jiangjin to purchase equipment, increase personnel, standardize processes, and increase output. In the 1970s, Sichuan established nearly 100,000 mu of foreign trade peanut production bases in Deyang, Jiangjin, Santai, Ziyang, Yibin and other places to provide raw materials and fruits for Tianfu peanuts, and Tianfu No. 5 is a variety exclusively for export.
In order to meet the growing market demand, the province decided to increase the Number of Tianfu Peanut Processing Outlets, and officially registered the "Yangtze River Bridge" brand and the "Tianfu" brand trademark. In 1972, Ziyang Candy Factory sent people to Jiangjin Peanut Factory to learn technology, and in May 1977, the peanut workshop was independent from the candy factory and established Ziyang Foreign Trade Food Factory. Later, the Yibin County peanut factory was put into operation, and the factory also had Xufu peanuts and other products. At this point, all four major factories of Tianfu peanuts have been established. In order to facilitate management, the unified numbering is implemented, Deyang No. 1, Ziyang No. 2, Jiangjin No. 3, Yibin No. 4.
Nanchong Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences
In the early years, Tianfu peanuts had a mature production process and strict production standards, and went through the processes of selection, soaking, washing, salt boiling, baking, finished product selection, packaging and other processes to produce finished products.
First select the full grained, uniformly sized hawk beak slimming fruit from the raw material fruit, more than two sections, only one section, broken shell, black shell, deformed all do not want, leaving two sections of genuine peanuts. The selected peanuts are soaked in water for a day and night, so that no sound can be heard when shaking, and the nails can be undressed by gently sliding on the underwear. Continue to wash several times with water, and then boil in 3% brine for about ten minutes to nine ripe (during which time a little soy milk can be added), at this time the peanut nuts are slightly salty, soaked in brine slightly yellowed and shiny, the nuts have a little white.
After starting the pot, put it into the basket for four hours, and then bake in three stages: the first stage of the head fire, dehydration with high heat, resulting in the squeezing of peanut kernels after peeling flowers and flowers, not seeing the water divided into degrees; the second stage of medium heat, continue to dehydrate at the same time, to achieve the effect of stripping slightly brittle; the third stage of the tail fire, ending with a small fire, so that the peanuts are crisp, the finished product must be able to undress and loose petals, the nuts are slightly yellow, the taste is crisp and the slag is crisp.
The roasting restriction takes three days, and the whole process should be turned at the right time. The baked peanuts enter the screening again, and must be excellent people with a complete and white shell, no cracks, no mildew, no impurities, and no scorched paste to enter the packaging line and become genuine Tianfu peanuts.
Early Tianfu peanuts
In 1982, Malaysia Renshengxing Company introduced tianfu peanuts that were popular in Hong Kong into the Nanyang market, and quickly sold well in Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia and other places, and then exported to Japan, the United States, Canada, Australia and European countries, and successively won the title of high-quality honor for export commodities and quality products at all levels.
While ensuring export sales, Tianfu peanuts are also thriving in the domestic market, especially in the Sichuan base camp where tea houses are everywhere and wine and food are full of streets, the advertising slogan of "Tianfu peanuts, the more peeled the happier" is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, becoming the most marketed tea companion, wine snacks, new year festivals, leisure parties are indispensable to its figure, becoming a delicious taste of many old Sichuan people in previous years.
In the late 1990s, several Tianfu peanut factories either stopped production or changed their appearance for various reasons, such as Jiangjin Tianfu peanuts renamed Jialing peanuts, Ziyang Tianfu peanuts changed to Longfu peanuts, barely surviving Tianfu peanuts were affected by raw material supply, production control, marketing and other links, quality and sales fluctuated repeatedly, and genuine Tianfu peanuts eventually faded out of sight.
Some of the pictures are from the Internet and are for illustrative purposes only
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