December 13, 2019, is the 6th National Day of Commemoration for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre. During the period when Japan launched the war of aggression against China, many anti-Japanese stories that can be sung and wept have emerged on the land of China, which deserve to be remembered by each of our Chinese.
Time back to 80 years, in September 1939, the first Changsha will be fought, Hunan became one of the most fighting main battlefields, the Guangdong-Han railway hub Zhuzhou Town is regarded as a must for all parties. Beginning on October 8, 1937, the Japanese bombed Zhuzhou nearly a thousand times. Until September 1945, the Kuomintang 99th Army marched into Zhuzhou and presided over the surrender. This history may not be clear to many Zhuzhou people today.
Songshan Cultural and Sports Activity Center is located in Xiaohutang Community, Tianyuan District
On the afternoon of December 14th, at the Songshan Cultural and Sports Activity Center in Tianyuan District, Teacher Lu Xinmin, a researcher of Huxiang culture, selected some of the most vivid stories from the massive first-hand information and shared them with the audience.
Teacher Lu Xinmin told "The Story of the Hunan War of Resistance"
Lecture site
Teacher Lu Xinmin used his "Zhuzhou Mandarin" to tell the story: During the Opium War, the Anglo-French coalition invaded China and soon fought all the way from Guangzhou to Beijing, and at that time, the Anglo-French coalition army was only 8,000 people, and the Qing army had about 200,000 people along the way. At that time, the defeat of the Qing government was partly due to the backwardness of the equipment, and more importantly, the Qing government did not have the support of the people in this war, so the Qing army fought alone with the British and French allies along the way. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party knew very well how to mobilize the people to support the War of Resistance, and the War of Resistance Against Japan was a war in which the people of the whole country participated. Therefore, when Japan planned to occupy China in three months, the Battle of Wuhan alone lasted for more than 3 months, shattering the illusion that Japan would quickly occupy China. Then Teacher Lu Xinmin listed many stories of the participation of the whole people in the War of Resistance.
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, a child was making candles to support the War of Resistance, and the wall was plastered with propaganda slogans that read, "The world rises and falls, and the pirate has the responsibility."
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, a gentleman wrote for the family members of the Anti-Japanese War Army.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Nationalist government called on the people of the whole country to donate money to buy airplanes, and many people donated 1 silver dollar, and this person named He Yuhua donated 6 silver dollars.
Teacher Lu Xinmin said that the purchasing power of 1 silver dollar at that time was almost equivalent to 1,000 yuan now, which shows that He Yuhua, who donated 6 silver dollars, was also a considerable amount at that time.
The anti-Japanese propaganda slogan printed on Liling porcelain is "Japan is the public enemy of the world."
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, many porcelain in Liling were printed with anti-Japanese propaganda slogans, in addition to the above, there were also "military-civilian cooperation to expel the Japanese", "to the race is not destroyed, but the war of resistance to the end" and so on.
In addition to the participation of the whole people in the War of Resistance, Teacher Lu also told a lot about the history of the War of Resistance in Hunan, especially the history of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression related to Zhuzhou. Xiaobian sorted out some of them:
1. Xiao Shanling, the supreme general who died in the defense of Nanjing, was a native of Hunan.
Xiao Shan Ling
Xiao Shanling (June 11, 1892 – December 13, 1937), male, Han Ethnicity, character Tienong, a native of Yiyang County, Hunan Province (now SifangShan, Heshan District, Yiyang City), graduated from the Third Infantry Section of the Baoding Army Officer School, deputy commander of the Military Police of the Nanjing Garrison of the National Revolutionary Army, and lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army. During the wartime defense of Nanjing, he also held six major duties - deputy commander of the national gendarmerie, director of the Capital Police Department, mayor of Nanjing during wartime, acting commander of Nanjing garrison, commander of air defense, and commander-in-chief of crossing the river. On December 13, 1937, Nanjing fell, committed suicide and martyrdom, died for the War of Resistance, was the highest officer who died in the defense of Nanjing, and was also the first batch of famous anti-Japanese heroes announced by the Ministry of Civil Affairs after the founding of New China.
2. On October 8, 1937, 6 Japanese aircraft bombed Zhuzhou Town for the first time. Since then, Zhuzhou Town has been bombed by enemy aircraft nearly a thousand times, blowing up 12,983 houses, accounting for 70% of the houses. On November 18 of the same year, the Chukou Railway Bridge was blown up. On June 16, 1944, the Japanese army occupied Zhuzhou Town, and the railway workers and porters did not submit to the Japanese, they took the initiative to lay off their posts and make a living for themselves.
3. Destruction of the Liyou Highway in the spring of 1939. In order to prevent the Japanese army from invading Youxian County, Youxian was ordered to recruit more than 40,000 migrant workers. All the foundations, bridges and culverts of the liling-youxian highway were destroyed.
4. In December 1940, Zhuzhou railway transport workers risked their lives to transport anti-Japanese materials. Throughout the year, 2.91 million troops were transported through Zhuzhou Town. More than 470,000 tons of military materials.
5. On the eve of the Japanese occupation of Zhuzhou Town in 1944. Zhuzhou shippers dragged civilian ships ashore to hide, or dug holes and sank them into the river, not transporting them to the Japanese army.
In December 1947, the Ministry of the Interior of the Nationalist Government sent a telegram to the Hunan Provincial Government to commend the Zhuzhou Civil Boat Union for its great sacrifice during the Anti-Japanese War. Subsequently, Wang Dongyuan, chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government, personally inscribed the plaques of "Light of the Nation" and "Loyalty and Courage are Commendable" and distributed them to the Zhuzhou Civil Ship Trade Union and the Zhenye Professional Trade Union.
6. On June 17, 1944, the Japanese army entered the pass, robbed the property, set fire for 3 days and 3 nights, and burned down 529 houses from the Solitaire Bridge to the pass. More than 300 people were killed and more than 500 were captured.
7. On June 18, 1944, Liling fell, On June 24, Youxian fell, and On July 14, Chaling fell.
8. On April 14, 1945, American Flying Tigers planes took off from Zhijiang Airport and bombed the White Rock Harbor Railway Bridge, killing 8 Japanese troops.
9. General Zuo Quan was the highest general of the Eighth Route Army who died in Zhuzhou during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
Left right
Zuo Quan (15 March 1905 – 25 May 1942), a native of Liling, Hunan Province, was a senior general of the Eighth Route Army, a proletarian revolutionary, a military strategist, and a member of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925; In December of the same year, he went to the Soviet Union to study; In 1934, he participated in the Long March and participated in the command of the forced crossing of the Dadu River and the attack on Lazikou. After the Long March reached northern Shaanxi, Zuo Quan led his troops to participate in the Battle of Zhiluo Town and the Red Army's Eastern Expedition. In 1936, he served as acting commander of the Red I Corps, leading the western expedition and taking part in commanding the Battle of Hill Castle. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he assisted in commanding the Eighth Route Army to go to the anti-Japanese front in North China, smashed the "sweeping" of the Japanese puppet army, developed and expanded the people's armed forces, and won many battles and battles such as the Hundred Regiments War. In May 1942, the Japanese army launched a major "sweep" of the Taihang anti-Japanese base area, and Zuo Quan commanded the troops to cover the breakthrough and transfer of the Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, and unfortunately died at the age of 37. After his sacrifice, the Yan'an and Taihangshan base areas held memorial services for him, and changed Liao County to Zuoquan County. In 2009, Zuo Quan was awarded "100 Heroic And Exemplary Figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China" by 11 departments, including the Central Propaganda Department and the Central Organization Department.
Reporter/Wu Biaohuan
Edited/Zhibei
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