Southern Song Dynasty Wu Yu's "Guanlin Poetry": Wherever the mid-levels went in his later years, the clouds between the screens of the book windows: "What happened to Zhuge Cheng at that time?" Only fit for life as a Crouching Dragon. ”
In his later years, Wang Anshi retired to Jiangning, and in the place where he lived, in the study, on the windows, and on the screen, he wrote "What happened to Zhuge Cheng at that time?" Only fit for life as a Wolong", this poem comes from the Tang Dynasty poet Xue Neng's "You Jialing Houxi", which shows that this poem is deeply in the state of mind of Wang Anshi in his later years.
Yang Shen, the three great talents of the Ming Dynasty, thought that this poem was "ridiculing Wu Hou". The "Poetry of the Wine garden" also believes that "never a literati, how good is it to speak falsely." The most hateful ones, such as Xue Neng's Thin Zhuge Ge", rebuked Xue Neng.
Why is there such a completely different understanding of the same poem?
《You Jiazhou Houxi》
(Tang) Xue Neng
The mountain sandals pass through the full trail, and the sunset is seen across the stream.
At that time, Zhuge Cheng's affairs were only suitable for his life as a Crouching Dragon.
Appreciation:
In the late Tang Dynasty, the military towns were divided, and the wufu were stubborn, and the Tang Dynasty was helpless. Xue Neng was appointed by the imperial court and successively served as the deputy envoy of Jiannan Xichuan Jiedushi to regent Jiazhou Assassin History, the Probationary Army Jiedushi to Xuzhou Thorn History, the Gongbu Shangshu, and the Xuzhou Zhongwu Army Jiedushi Envoy. However, when Xue Neng took Xuzhou soldiers to Xuzhou to take over as the envoy of the Zhongwu Army, the XuZhou army was afraid that Xue Neng would seize power by force, and the general Zhou Qian took advantage of the anger of the crowd, so he rebelled, expelled Xue Neng, and occupied the city on its own.
The chaos at the end of the Tang Dynasty can be seen from this. Xue Neng deeply experienced that the Tang Dynasty was difficult to return, and his heart was resentful, and he also wanted to rectify the situation but was unable to return to heaven, and he was indignant.
Xue Neng said:
Wearing a clogs for mountaineering, leaving a string of footprints on the road;
In the distance, across the creek, someone was scooping rice in the sunset.
In the past, what did Zhuge Liang do?
Zhuge Liang should be a good hermit.
At first glance, if this poem is regarded as "laying out its own affairs" and expressing its views directly, Xue Neng really does not know what to do, criticizes Zhuge Liang's wenzhi martial arts, and later generations of literati dismiss it as "nonsense", which seems reasonable.
However, Xue Neng's sentence "At that time, Zhuge Cheng's doing nothing, only fit into his life as a Crouching Dragon", not "Endowment", but "Bixing", is to use Zhuge Liang's painstaking efforts, bow down, exert himself to govern, forge ahead, but finally the experience of not being rewarded, to express the poet's own frustration of having a heart work, but unable to return to heaven.
Wu Qiao of the Qing Dynasty gave a correct interpretation in "Answering the Wild Question of Wanji", saying: "Xue Nengyun: At that time, Zhuge Cheng's affairs were only suitable for his life as a Wolong. See the Tang Room's unforeseen and repent into the career, Xingye. Sheng'an mistakenly believed that it was a gift, and said that he ridiculed the Marquis of Wu. ”
As an important minister of the imperial court, Xue Neng held the power of the military state and was still thinking about major national events when he traveled through the mountains and rivers, and the pattern was unusually pedantic and pedantic.
Ancient China emphasized morality and literature, and light work. Sima Guang, because of the story of smashing the cylinder, the aura of morality and wisdom, wrote a "Zizhi Tongjian", thinking that "in view of the past, there is capital to govern the Tao", that is, to strengthen the rule with historical gains and losses as a lesson, but in fact, it could not save the miserable fate of the Northern Song Dynasty, but stood on the opposite side of the change of law and a powerful country, becoming a stumbling block of the times, which was itself ridiculous.
Wang Anshi, on the other hand, saw the situation of poverty and weakness behind the glamorous northern Song Dynasty, advocated a rich country and a strong army, and promoted the change of law, but he violated the interests of the conservatives, and was opposed by the conservatives led by Sima Guang. After the death of Emperor Shenzong of Song, Sima Guang completely abolished the new law, and Wang Anshi's life's efforts were wasted.
Wang Anshi retired to Jiangning in his later years, and looking back on these past events, it is inevitable that there will be Zhuge Liang-style regrets, sorrows, and unwillingness. In addition to being indignant, I may also think: If I know that the end must be like this, why should I toss?
"At that time, Zhuge Cheng's affairs were only suitable for his whole life as a crouching dragon", Wang Anshi's life was also like Zhuge Liang's, he worked hard for the country, but in the end, he went to the government to rest, and his achievements were lost, so that his reputation was affected and he was criticized as a traitor, so what is worth supporting in the Song Dynasty?
"At that time, Zhuge Cheng's things were only suitable for his life as a crouching dragon", perhaps it should be understood like this: destined to do something that will not succeed, it is better to choose to lie flat at the beginning!
In reality, this kind of thing often happens, and it is impossible to make a good gain by making efforts, especially in the increasingly serious social system, lying flat may be the wisest choice.
Source: Tweet Sweep Boy Wild
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