In order to solidly promote the in-depth development of party history study and education, the Chaoyang District Association for the Physically Handicapped recorded an audiobook of "Red Family Letter" on the eve of July 1st, which fondly recounted the suicide notes, poems, and family letters of 30 revolutionary martyrs, including Li Dazhao, Fang Zhimin, and Chen Yi'an.
Today, I will tell you the story of the martyr Yang Zai'an.
Today's Person: Yang Zaian
Life of Yang Zai'an
Reader: Gao Yuling
Yang Zai's family letter
<h1 toutiao-origin="h1" > shows friends</h1>
<h1 toutiao-origin="h1" > Recitation Reader: Gao Yuling</h1>
The story of Yang Zaian
"Death is okay, apostasy is not"
Yang Zai'an (1896-1931)
He was one of the first revolutionaries to propagate Marxist theory in China. Born in 1896 in Nanping Town, Xiangshan, Guangdong Province (now part of Zhuhai City) to a tea merchant family, because of the early death of his father, under the supervision of his mother, who loved poetry and calligraphy and could write a good character in both his left and right hands, he read Tang poems and Song poems at the age of three or four, and later called himself "a young poet".
After the May Fourth Movement, he actively participated in the anti-imperialist and patriotic struggle in Guangzhou. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1921 and was one of the earliest members of the Communist Party of China in Guangdong. In June 1923, according to the decisions of the three major congresses of the Communist Party of China, he joined the Kuomintang in his personal capacity and served as the secretary of the communist party group in the Kuomintang, devoting himself to the establishment of the national revolutionary united front. In June 1925, together with Deng Zhongxia, Su Zhaozheng, Yang Yin and others, he organized a provincial and Hong Kong strike to support the Shanghai May Thirtieth Anti-Imperialist Patriotic Movement. He was arrested and imprisoned by Hong Kong detectives on July 1, and was "deported" 50 days later for having no evidence of guilt. In the spring of 1927, he attended the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and was elected as a member of the Central Control Commission. In the same year, he participated in the 1987 Conference and was later sent to Shanghai by the party organization. He also went to Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore and other places to carry out revolutionary activities. In 1929, he returned to Shanghai, was once arrested, and because he did not reveal his identity, he was rescued from prison by the party organization. In the summer of 1931, he was arrested for informing traitors. After failing to persuade him to surrender, Chiang Kai-shek ordered his killing. Before his execution, he recited "Show the Friend of the Victim" in the prison car and gave it to the prisoner friend.
"Show the Friend"
Generously board the car and go,
Phase period is complete.
The remnants are loveless,
The great enemy is present.
Knowing the poor Zhang Jian,
Chi Xing smiled chu yuan.
Parting from the zi,
Look at each other.
Their stories
Growing up in Xiangshan, Guangdong Province, across the water from Macau, Yang was educated in an environment where Chinese and foreign trade and culture intersect. It nurtured Sun Yat-sen, the forerunner of the democratic revolution, and also gave birth to the early revolutionaries of the Communist Party, such as Su Zhaozheng and Lin Weimin. From traditional culture, Yang Zaian was educated in integrity that was not subject to the food that came from the mouth and represented by Yue Fei, Wen Tianxiang and others, and cultivated a frost proud bone that did not covet glory and wealth. At the same time, he came into contact with all kinds of Western ideas, and tried to use traditional morality, reformism and anarchism as weapons to resist the evil forces, but he could not change the peace and darkness of society. By crossing Japan and participating in the May Fourth Movement, Yang zaian finally decided that Marxism was the truth. Yang Zaian was the first person to systematically propagate communist ideas in South China, and in the following decades he struggled with his valuable practice until he dedicated himself.
During the Great Revolution, Yang Zaian served as an official in the Kuomintang to acting director of the Central Organization Department, and served as a representative of the Ministry of Finance of the Guangdong government during the provincial and Hong Kong strikes, and when he was in power or managed a large amount of money, he was spotless. At that time, people often came to the door to give gifts, and he never allowed his family to accept them. After a donation was issued by the provincial and Hong Kong strike committees, a coin was left in the Yang family's bag, worth only one or two cents, and the children picked it up and played with it. When Yang Zaian found out, he immediately said to the children solemnly: "This is public money, and you can't ask for a penny." He then asked the children to send the coin back to the strike committee immediately.
After being unfairly punished by the party organization, Yang Zaian did underground work in Shanghai as an ordinary party member. His family of ten people, suffering from lung disease himself, the limited living expenses he received were difficult to maintain daily necessities, and two of his seven sons and daughters died prematurely due to illness and lack of medical treatment. At this time, Yang Zaian worked as an editor in the secret organ of the party newspaper during the day, and at night he wrote translation books to earn a fee to subsidize his family. His 200,000-word "Essentials of Western History" was the first western history work written from a materialist point of view in China.
At that time, it was difficult to publish revolutionary books and distribute them, and the manuscript fee was very low, so Yang Zaian often helped his family to grind rice fins and let the old mother and children go to the streets early in the morning to sell. After his arrest in 1930, Zhou Enlai ventured to visit his home, and Yang's mother was very touched, but resolutely refused to allow her son's friend to come again. When Yang Zaian was released and returned home because his true identity was not revealed, someone said: "We do these things, we are poor and dangerous, children have no books to read, and they are afraid to go to the streets." But he replied firmly: "No matter how bitter and dangerous it is, we must revolutionize to the end." "His mother immediately said that the whole family supports you. Yang Zai'an's son recalls decades later that the scene of that day is still vividly remembered.
In July 1931, Hu Zhangyuan, a staff member of the Red Flag Daily, was sent to work in Wenzhou, and five minutes before the ship started, he jumped ashore on the pretext of going to the toilet. When the comrades in the company found out, the ship was already running and could not call the police to let the Special Branch Red Team take measures. After this guy rushed to Nanjing to inform, Chen Lifu immediately arranged for a big arrest. At this time, Qian Zhuangfei, Li Kenong, and others who had infiltrated the enemy's special organs were forced to retreat due to the Gu Shunzhang rebellion incident, and the loss of internal relations made it difficult to prevent the traitors' whistle-blowing. Yang Zai'an's address was also confessed by Hu Zhangyuan and he was taken away from his home in the early morning of July 25.
Yang Zai'an used to have a very high status in the Kuomintang, and Chiang Kai-shek knew that he had been punished by the Communist Party and tried his best to persuade him to surrender. According to the memories of the victims in the same cell at that time, Yang Zai'an was called out by the guards every day to "meet the guests", and the visitors were all Important Kuomintang officials, and they also promised the high-ranking official Houlu, and his answer was only: "Death is OKAY, but defection is not." At this time, he was also worried about his family life, and a note was sent from prison saying: "Xuan'er must not be naughty" and "Although the sewing machine is poor, it cannot be sold." Because this sewing machine is the only means of making a living in the family. Yang Zaian also warned his family that they must not accept money and goods sent by Kuomintang dignitaries, and if they cannot live, they will immediately return to the south. He saw that Luo Qiyuan,who was also imprisoned, was shaken in his will, and wrote a poem to persuade this person to take care of his integrity. Although Luo Qiyuan surrendered to the enemy without dissuading him, the poem "Show the Friend of The Victim" became a famous passage in the poems of the famous revolutionary martyrs.
At the end of the persuasion, Chiang Kai-shek personally called the phone to the prison to ask Yang Zaian to answer, but he threw the microphone against the wall. After Yang Zai'an's death, the party organization has always cared for his family, and Zhou Enlai personally arranged for the children to study. In the many years after Yang Zai'an's inauguration, Zhou Enlai often told his touching deeds with deep affection and used his character of "being a clean and honest official and a poor family" to educate comrades.
(Author: Xu Yan, originally published in Beijing Youth Daily)
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Source: Chaoyang District Association for the Physically Handicapped
Editor: Propaganda Department