Lü Buwei, as the xiang state of the Qin state, paved the last mile for the Qin state to unify the world.
"Tai Shi Gong Self-Introduction": "(Lü Buwei) married Chu Relatives, so that the princes of Fei Ran fought to enter Qin".
Lü Buwei followed the Qin prince Chu into Qin as an official, and step by step stepped onto the position of Xiang State, while after the reign of Lü Buwei, taking himself as a successful case, further created the "Dream of the Qin Kingdom", resulting in a large number of scholars from the six eastern countries rushing to the Qin State and attaching themselves to the King of Qin, forming a factual situation in which the people of the world will be in the Qin State.
It is precisely because of the formation of this situation that the Qin State is not only no longer the country of tigers and wolves in the eyes of the people of the six eastern countries, but also an ideal place for the people to aspire to. Lü Buwei laid a solid public opinion foundation for the unification of Great Qin.
However, Lü Buwei, a great hero who worked hard for the Qin state, did not end well, and fell into the fate of being forced to die by the Qin King, and the decades of struggle were all rejected by the boss overnight.
Chronicles: ... ShiWen Xin Hou Shu said: "What merit does jun owe to Qin? Qin Fengjun Henan, eating 100,000 households. Why is Jun he pro-Qin? Known as the middle father. He and his family moved to Shu! "Lü Buwei invaded himself a little, feared the curse, but drank and died."
After Lü Buwei retired to the court, Qin Shi Huang openly defined Lü Buwei as having no merit and no virtue to the Qin state, erasing everything about Lü Buwei. Knowing all this, Lü Buwei was disheartened and walked alone on Huangquan Road.
There were great merits but he was forced to die by Yingzheng, lü Buwei's death made many history fans complain for him, and qin shi huang's tyranny of "indictability" is also another example. However, if we do not proceed from the sophistication of human feelings and rationally analyze what Lü Buwei has done, it is not difficult to find that our Lü Buwei classmates seem to be inexplicably forced to die, but in fact they are naturally bound to die.
As for the reason? In the words of the great writer Guo Moruo, "Reading "Lü Shi Chunqiu", you can find that every section of it is almost the opposite of the politics of the Qin State, especially with the political views and style of Qin Shi Huang later. Qin Shi Huang was Lü Buwei's sworn enemy, and Qin Shi Huang's removal of Lü Buwei could be said to be a matter of course, and it was inevitable
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Qin Shi Huang's persecution of Lü Buwei was largely due to the irreconcilable differences between Lü Buwei's way of governing and his boss Yingzheng's strategy, and Lü Buwei personally had no intention of retreating, and he also wrote a "Lü Shi Chunqiu" to exaggerate himself. Therefore, if Qin Shi Huang wanted to implement his own policy, Lü Buwei had to get rid of it.
As for the difference between Lü Buwei and Yingzheng in governing? It can be roughly divided into two main directions - the way of kings and the law of unity. On the idea of unifying the world, Lü Buwei and Ying Zheng have a consensus and will definitely do it.
However, in terms of specific implementation ideas, the two are far apart. Yin Zheng admired the Book of Shang Jun, advocating that "those who are invincible and kingless, and those who are undefeated and die, have not tasted since ancient times and today... The holy king sees that the king is to the soldiers, so the whole country is to the soldiers."
The Ancient Saint Kings relied on force to accomplish their royal cause, so they threw the whole country into military construction. Therefore, the great cause of unifying the world must be accomplished by force. Unity is the result, force is the means, and after a while, it is tacit that any means can be used.
In Lü Buwei's "Lü Shi Chunqiu", although he did not oppose force, he put forward the concept of "righteous soldiers", writing that "soldiers are sincere and righteous, and they really suffer the people by cursing tyrants" and "conquering the country, not their people". Lü Buwei believed that the monarch and the people should be separated, and when fighting, they should pay attention to the interests of the enemy people and treat them as their own people, so as to disintegrate the ruling foundation of the enemy country and naturally destroy the country.
"History of Qin Shi Huang Benji": In the twenty-second year, Wang Ben attacked Wei, led the river ditch to irrigate the great beam, and the city of the great liang was damaged, and its king please surrendered.
In order to capture the state of Wei, Wang Ben directly flooded the capital of the state of Wei with heavy water, and regarded the ordinary people in the city as victims. In Lü Buwei's view, Wang Ben's behavior was undesirable, but under the vision of Qin Wang Yingzheng holding the Book of Shang Jun, Wang Ben finally won, so his means were taken for granted, and its rationality was not pursued.
In terms of the way of the king, Yin Zheng admired the "Book of Shang Jun" (商君書) "The reason why the country is governed by three: one is the law, the second is faith, and the third is the right." The Dharma, the common practice of the king and the subject; the believer, the king's subject, the king's co-establishment; the power, the king's exclusive system also... The ruler of power is also the king's authority, the king's honor is the order, and the husband's people are not governed, and the king's way is humble."
The Book of Shangjun believes that there are three kinds of relationships between the state, the first is the law, the second is the trust of the monarch, and the third is the monarch's authority, of which the monarch's authority is taken as the core, and the Shangjun believes that only when the monarch has authority, the laws of the world can be enforced, and the monarch's authority comes from monopolizing power. Therefore, when the Qin kings were unified, the centralized power, the absolute monarchy of the county system, and the emperor system were perfected, which were the direct embodiment of the "Book of Shang Jun" as the way of the king.
The relative "Lü Shi Chunqiu" is completely opposite to the "Book of Shang Jun" in terms of monarchy.
"Lü's Spring and Autumn": "Also, take nothing as a pawn, and take nothing as a gain." The right thing to be with is not in the king, but in the subject. Therefore, those who are good for the king are ignorant, and secondly there is nothing to do.
Unlike the Book of Shangjun, which sets kings as a part of the governance of the country, the Lü Shi Chunqiu believes that kings should not be specifically involved in the management of the state, and that the affairs of the whole country should be governed by ministers, doing nothing to ensure that no mistakes will ever be made.
Lü Buwei tried to reduce the specific power of the king and achieve the ideal that the people of insight would know the world. And the King of Qin wants the power of the emperor in his hands, his own unquestionable Ninth Five-Year Supreme, Lü Buwei and the King of Qin took the north and south two roads, is a typical line dispute, and this is often only the last 1 winner, so Lü Buwei will die.