Shangqiu Nan bo Tang Wang Tai Shang Tang statue. Photo by Bai Peng, a reporter of this newspaper
"Poetry Classic, Shang Song, Yin Wu" Yun: "In the past, there was a soup, from the other side of the Qiang, do not dare not to come to enjoy, do not dare not come to the king."
Cheng Tang, also known as Tang and Shang Tang, was a native of Shangqiu, Henan, the fourteenth grandson of Qi, the son of the Lord, and the founding monarch of the Shang Dynasty.
Tang is also known as Lu, and the ancient book says: "There are seven soups". It is found in the records: tang, chengtang, wutang, shangtang, tianyi, tianyi soup. In the oracle bones, they are called Tang, Cheng, Da B, and Tianyi. Jin Wen and Zhou Yuan are called Cheng Tang in the oracle bones. Tianyi, Da Yi, and Gao Zu Yi are the temple names that the descendants of the Shang clan called when they sacrificed soup. In ancient books, he was also revered as the King of Wu.
Shang Tang ruled the country with benevolence, was a benevolent and righteous prince, and was also a model of integrity. Shang Tang relies on integrity to win the world, govern the world, and win the world.
The "benevolence" in Confucius and Confucianism is in the same vein as Shang Tang's rule of benevolence and benevolence, and is also an important part of traditional Chinese thought and culture.
Tang Fa Geber: The heart of integrity touches the world
Ge Guo , also known as Ge Bo Guo , was a fang state west of the Shang state capital of Bo (present-day Shangqiu South) in present-day Shangqiu City, Henan.
Ge Bo was loyal to Xia Jie and was an eye and ear of Xia Jie in the Eastern princely states. Tang feared that Ge Bo would hinder him from destroying Xia, and reported his activities to Xia Jie, so he wanted to win over Ge Bo to no longer serve Xia Jie and help Shang destroy Xia.
Under the rule of Ge Bo, the emperor, the people of The Kingdom of Ge lived in great misery, and they could not be self-sufficient in food and clothing, and of course, they could not provide food for the Shang people. Tang sent people from the border of Shangguo to the Country of Ge to eat wine and rice to the Shangguo people who helped cultivate, and the people who delivered wine and rice were all old and weak and children. Every time He sent someone to wait in Gedi for the delivery of wine and food, he snatched the wine and rice away, and threatened to be killed if he did not give it. Once, a child went to deliver wine and meat, and because he resisted the robbery, he was killed by Gerber's men. Tang saw that Ge Bo was a dead-hearted enemy of the Shang Kingdom, and could no longer use help to win it, so he led his troops to the Ge Kingdom to kill Ge Bo. Because Ge Bo was not benevolent, the people of Ge Guo had long been resentful, and when they saw that Tang had killed Ge Bo, they expressed their willingness to submit to the Shang Kingdom.
Tang's action to destroy Ge not only did not oppose it among the princes, but also accused Ge Bo of being unkind, and the killing was self-inflicted. Some people of the Fang state resented Xia Jie's tyranny, and also hoped that Shang Tang would go to conquest and be willing to free themselves from the rule of the Xia Dynasty and submit to Shang Tang. Some other Fang Guo voluntarily submitted to Tang, and Tang gave the surrendered Fang Guo a jade string and a jade gui with jade beads as crowns. Apparently in the position of an ally of the princes, exercising the power of the king. Shang Tang began in the country of Vage, gradually removed the wings of the Xia Dynasty, and began to take the world and win the world.
Annihilation of Xia Jianshang: Tangwu Revolution Shuntian Yingren
In the ancient books, Tang Fa Jie Destroyed Xia was called "The TangWu Revolution, which follows the heavens and responds to the people."
The Tangwu Revolution refers to the war in which Shang Tang, the founding monarch of the Shang Dynasty, destroyed Xia. There is a famous saying in the Yi Ge Yan Ci: "Tang Wu Revolution, Follow the Heavens and Respond to The People". The "soup" mentioned here is the founder of the second ruling dynasty in Chinese history, Shang Tang Tianyi. He once led the Shang clan and other princes to rebel against the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty, the tyrannical rule of the allied tribes, using the violent means of war to overthrow the dying and decaying Xia Dynasty in one fell swoop and establish a new ruling order. "Wu" refers to King Wu of Zhou, who led the Shang Dynasty's vassal state of Western Zhou to overthrow the shang king's rule and establish a new dynasty, Western Zhou. These two dynastic changes are collectively known as the "Tangwu Revolution".
After Shang Tang rebelled against the Ge Bo Kingdom, he successively conquered other small countries that governed chaotic and morally corrupt, especially those that were the eyes of Xia Jie, fought eleven consecutive wars, and finally won the world.
After twenty years of conquest and war, Shang Tang finally destroyed the Xia Dynasty, unified the chaotic Central Plains since the end of the Xia Dynasty, controlled the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and its power far exceeded that of the Xia Dynasty.
In the process of winning the world, SenseTime knows that winning the world is the first thing to win the hearts and minds of the people. Shang Tang was ready to test the will of the people, to see if the world had returned to their hearts, to see their attitude toward Xia Jie, Shang Tang said to the people, Xia Jie said, he is the sun, the people are the moon, the moon does not perish, will the sun perish? Then the people said, O sun and sun, perish, and we shall perish with you. (Time is lost, and it is like death!) Shang Tang once again did not pay tribute to Xia Jie, and Xia Jie was angry again, and once again summoned the princes of the world to attack Shang Tang, but at this time there were very few who responded to Shang Tang.
Shang Tang understands that everything is available, the hearts of the people are back, the balance of forces is clear. The cutting of troops and the plots were all superior, and only the siege was left. Shang Tang then summoned the princes, first defeated Xia Jie's vassal Kun Wushi, morale was greatly boosted, the soldiers were like underwater, the momentum was strong, Shang Tang issued a mobilization oath to the princes and soldiers, saying, It is not me who is rebelling, Xia Jie has committed many crimes, he is guilty, I am afraid of heaven, I dare not go to conquest, heaven orders me to go on a crusade, I dare not listen, Xia Jie does not care about agricultural affairs, does not care about the people's feelings, exploits the princes, consumes the national wealth, his virtue has reached this point, I hope we will go to the crusade against him together. This is a command from Heaven, and if you obey the command, I will reward you, and if you disobey the command, I will punish you. After Shang Tang finished speaking, he issued an order to write down the precepts as "Tang Oath".
"Tang Oath" analyzes the causes of war from multiple angles such as mandate of heaven, virtue, interests, rewards and punishments, gives itself the legitimacy of the revolution, the princes respond, the soldiers obey orders, fight with Xia Jie, Xia Jie defeats, Xia Jie flees to Mingtiao, fights again, and Xia Jie collapses. Xia Jie was exiled to Nanchao and died of melancholy. Shang Tang did not move the social gods of the Xia Dynasty, the people's hearts were submissive, the princes were salty, and Shang Tang then practiced the position of the Son of Heaven, which was 1600 BC. Shang Tang Yongwu, known as the King of Wu, defeated Xia Jie and overthrew the saying that Wang Yongding was called the TangWu Revolution, disobeying the order, revolution.
There is a "Tang Zhi's Pan Ming" in the "Book of Rites and Universities" that says: 'Gou is new every day, new every day, and new every day'". What is said here is that the soup inscribes "Gou Day New, Day By Day New, And Day New" on its bath utensils, so that you can see this proverb when you take a bath every day, and always remind yourself to reflect and constantly innovate.
Governing the country with benevolence: Benevolence and generosity win the hearts of the people
SenseTime understands the importance of talent, attaches great importance to recruiting talents, and is eclectic and does not have the prejudice of the door. Yi Yin was originally a slave of the State of Xin, and had always wanted to join Shang Tang, but he was bitter that he had no chance. Later, the daughter of Marquis Xin married Shang Tang as a concubine, and Yi Yin went with her as a concubine to become the cook of Tang. Yi Yin deliberately made the meal sometimes delicious, sometimes too salty and too light, in order to attract the attention of the soup. Sure enough, Tang summoned him to question him, and he immediately used this opportunity to show his talents, talk about it, and tell Tang Chen about the general trend of the world and the way to govern the country. Tang Daxi promoted him, and later Yi Yin became Tang's right minister. Tang's zuo xiangzhong was originally a high-ranking cadre of the Xia Dynasty, and his ancestors had served as Xia Yu's minister of industry, and his family was prominent, and he could have lived a life of pampering and pampering. However, he was dissatisfied with Xia Jie's tyranny and defected to Shang Tang. And there were many revolutionary youths who, like Zhongyu, were dissatisfied with Xia Jie's tyranny and defected to Shang Tang. These talents played a great role in the process of Shang Tang's seizure of the world, especially Yi Yin and Zhongyu became Shang Tang's right and left arms, making Shang Tang more powerful and more unstoppable.
With the assistance of Yi Yin and Zhongyu, the people of the Shang Dynasty lived and worked in peace and contentment, the production economy greatly developed, and the national strength greatly increased. Shang Tang is even more based on benevolence as the guiding ideology for governing the country. Legend has it that once when Tang went out on a tour, he saw a man catching birds, opened the net on all sides, and then knelt on the ground and recited the words: May the birds from all over the world fly into my net. Tang felt that it was too cruel to catch all the birds by doing so. So he ordered the man to remove the three-sided net, leaving only one net, and said, "All the birds listen, and those who are willing to fly to the left will fly to the left, and those who wish to be with the right will fly to the right, and only the birds that do not listen to me will fly into my net." This is the idiom story of "three sides of the net" that has been passed down to future generations.
Many public opinion workers at the scene immediately spread the news. So many princes heard about it and praised Tang: The benevolence of Tang is really amazing, even he takes care of the animals, and he really has nothing to say. Shang Tang's benevolence and generosity soon won the hearts of the people of the world, and many princes, fang kingdoms, and tribes submitted to Shang. The power of the Shang further developed and grew.
The story of Sanglin praying for rain is another good story of Shang Tang ruling the country with benevolence.
In the nineteenth to twenty-fourth years of King Tang's reign, five consecutive years of severe drought and the loss of grain harvest, Tang personally prayed in the mulberry forest in the eastern part of the capital Ofe (present-day Shangqiunan), sacrificing himself to pray for rain, cutting his hair and claws, cleaning himself, putting it on firewood, and preparing to self-immolate to sacrifice to the heavens. Fire will follow, that is, heavy rain.
"Benevolence" is the core idea of Confucius. What is "benevolence"? This is a big problem, and there have always been many explanations for the benevolent and the wise.
Let's explore it according to Confucius's own explanation. In the Analects. In Yan Yuan, the first sentence is about Ren, Yan Yuan asked the teacher what is "Ren", Confucius replied: "Yan Yuan asked Ren." Zi Yue: Self-denial is benevolence. One day of self-denial, the world returns to benevolence. For the sake of benevolence, but by others? ”
Source: Shangqiu Network
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