Ke Weidong
A few years ago, I saw an old copy of the "Jing'an Anthology" for sale in an online shop, which was once burned by Mr. Wang Jing'an and was rarely circulated. Because I had not seen it before, I studied it, but found that it was not the original book. The book is bound to be two volumes in western binding, with a thick yellow paper cover, the main text is a handwritten mimeograph, and on the back of the title page there is a sign marked as "Guangxu Yimi September Out of the Board", which is based on the description of the original book, and the difference is confusing. Although this is not the original, it should be printed by academic institutions in the Republic of China for their own use, but the engraving is elegant and the binding is regular, which is gratifying. It's just that the price is very amazing, and it costs a huge amount of fifteen thousand yuan. At the end of last year, I browsed the Internet, wanted to see if the book was sold, the book was still there, but unexpectedly saw another one in another store, it was just taken out, but it was really original, and the price was also within the acceptable range, so I quickly ordered it to buy it back. The book is a sixteen-folio volume, the ancient book layout folded leaf, lead character vertical arrangement, the title page seal text "Jing'an Anthology" four characters, the back of the printed "Guangxu Yi mi September out of the board", and mimeograph is the same style. The best thing is that this should be a lead line, but it is a thick paper dress, and this is exactly what I like.
The Jing'an Anthology guangxu thirty-first edition of the book shadow
Title page of the Jing'an Anthology
Text page of the Jing'an Anthology
After the death of Mr. Wang Jing'an, Luo Zhenyu wrote "The Biography of Wang Zhongyu of Haining", "The Biography of Wang Zhong's Gongbei", "The Official Document of Sacrifice to Wang Zhong'an", and "Preface to the Testament of Wang Zhong'an", all of which were collected in the anthology "Ding Peng Manuscript". According to the legend, in the summer of 1898, Roche set up the Eastern Literature Club in order to cultivate translators, and Mr. Jing'an was a student; one day Roche happened to see a poem he wrote on the fan of his classmate, and was greatly surprised, and has since looked at him differently. After Mr. Gengzinian graduated, Roche hired him as a translator for the Wuchangnong School he presided over; next fall, he funded him to study at the Tokyo Physics School in Japan, and when he returned to China a year later due to beriberi, Roche recommended that he teach philosophy, psychology, and ethics at the Nantong Normal School. In the autumn of 1904, Luo Zhenyu presided over the Jiangsu Normal School, so he moved the lecture seat to Suzhou; in the summer of 1906, Luo Shi recommended him to Rong Qing, the minister of the Faculty of Management, who was appointed by Rong Qing to walk in the General Affairs Department of the Faculty, and to compile libraries and assist in the construction of terminology libraries.
Since xin ren (1901, 1902), Mr. Jing'an devoted himself to the management of Western scholarship, Luo Zhenyu recommended to him Gu Tinglin and the following to the works of sinologists of Gaoyou Erwang, he only skimmed through it slightly; after class, he studied Western literature from Dr. Fujita Toyohachi, a Japanese professor at the Eastern Literature Society, as well as Occidental philosophy, literature, and fine arts; liked to read the works of Kant, Schopenhauer, and Nietzsche, and gave full play to their interests, and in 1905 he completed a collection of essays, which is the "Jing'an Anthology", which is also his first book.
During the Xinhai Revolution, Luo Zhenyu fled to Kyoto, Japan, and Mr. Jing'an also crossed the east with his family. During his time in Japan, a very important thing happened was that his scholarship changed from studying the West to China, and he burned his previous books in order to show his resolute attitude. Regarding this matter, Luo Shi's biography records Yun: "Yu Nai advised the public to specialize in the study of Chinese studies and to cultivate his foundation before the primary school, and to discuss the gains and losses of scholarship, saying that the learning of Nishan is in the ancient world, and the present people believe in the present and doubt the ancient." Scholars of the State Dynasty doubted the "Ancient Wen Shangshu", doubted the "Shang Shu Kong Notes", doubted the "Family Language", and suspected Gu Dang; and the daimyo Cui Shi's "Record of Examination Letters", then there was no need to be suspicious, as for the recent intensification of the changes, it was said that all the scriptures were forged. As for the study of Ossi, its arguments are similar to those of the Sons of Zhou and Qin, and if nietzsche's doctrines are: unworthy and righteous, humble, and unrestrained; if you want to create (create) a new culture to replace the old culture, you will have many abuses. The three-thousand-year-old teachings are like lines, and they cannot return to the scriptures without correction; today, there is nothing that can be done to save this cross-current, and they give up the scriptures and believe in the ancients. Gong Fang is strong, Giving is not fading, twilight is waiting first, and the later stage is encouraged!
Publicly known and ashamed (horrifying) ran self-pity, what he had learned before was not mellow, and more than 100 volumes of the "Jing'an Anthology" were destroyed and burned... Thirty-five years ago, the abandonment is like a tu tho, that is, the poems that are written are also deleted (shaved) without a word. ”
Here it is said that more than a hundred books were burned, but Luo Shi's grandson Liu Huisun once wrote an article in the thirty-ninth issue of "The Human World", saying that three hundred copies were burned. Hui Sun also crossed with Luo Shi to the east that year, and interacted with Wang Guowei until the eleventh year of the Republic of China, and the text recalled that there were many conflicts with Luo Shi's biography, and there were also interesting biographies, such as saying: "Mr. Hui originally specialized in archaeology, but later felt that there were too many people who did ancient texts, and it was not easy to be famous, and after he came to Japan, he wanted to be a scientist, and later he studied Western philosophy and wanted to be an ideological revolutionary." ...... After arriving in Beijing, he obtained the Four Seals of Feng Zhengzhong's "Two Main Words of the Southern Tang Dynasty", which was extremely speculative and became a volume of "Human Words". After Xinhai revisited Japan, he felt that the lyricist was too small and decided to do the study of evidence. He also discussed Wang Shixue and asked: "Academically, of course, there is a profound attainment in the study of examination materials, and in terms of words and chapters, feng li and Nalan's Qingli rescue Hui Feng faction is piled up, which cannot but be said to be revolutionaries; but he is indeed an imitator who ends with it." Philosophical thought is influenced by many Western philosophical ideas, but it is not very profound. Although what is said is not necessarily true, it is more interesting than the canonical transmission, because it is closer to human feelings.
Regarding the burning of books, it is said: "After Xinhai Dudu was quite remorseful, he took three hundred copies of the "Jing'an Anthology" that he had stored and burned them when Mr. Xuetang swore not to re-engrave them, so there was no such book in the "Guantang Jilin" later. "I didn't write about Roche's persuasion.
Wang Jing'an is a man of insight, and his abandonment of Western studies will not be due to Luo Zhenyu's persuasion, and his ideological reasons can be seen from his "On Political Studies". According to the "Biography of Wang Zhongxuan", this paper is a draft that he discussed with Roche during his lifetime, and there is a cloud: "The people of the Western People of Chenguan want to control everything with the law of science, and the people who can control science, the more complex the structure of space, time, matter, and the bodies of humans, animals and plants, but the more complex their structure, the more untrue the laws of science are; as for the spirit of the human heart and the social state constituted by mankind, there are national characteristics, thousands of years of history, and all the circumstances around them, and they cannot be ruled by science." And Westerners often see one and forget the other, so their way can not be round, and they do not know how to return, and the disadvantages of this Western theory are rooted in the method.
In the nearly one hundred years to the West, the progress of natural science and historical science has been profoundly sophisticated, but only a few scholars have used it to study physics, examine facts, ponder thoughts, and entertain the years; and the application of natural science is invincible, and the fierceness of western annexation and wage disputes are all winged by science, and its unscrupulousness is like the scholars of history and the land, and the rich people's costumes, everyone's antiques, can be ornamented and not enough to nourish the mouth; after the European War, the people of insight in the other land turned to worship the scholarship of the East, not in vain research. And believe in it. Over the past few years, european universities have set up dozens of lectures on oriental studies, and the Germans have followed confucius and Laozi into a group; the art of gai and the people's rest is not limited to Huang Lao, and the way of long-term peace and stability is not prepared in Zhou Kong; in our country, it is a good recipe for experience, and it is especially a new medicine for the symptoms in other lands. It is the Westerners who have been forced to be ignorant of the evils of other political sciences, and their thinking has changed. ”
The Jing'an Anthology is a one-volume volume, with twelve articles, and its contents are as follows: On Nature; Interpretation; Schopenhauer's Philosophy and Educational Doctrine; Commentary on the Dream of the Red Chamber; Schopenhauer and Nietzsche; The Philosophical Theory of Dai Nguyen Erjia of the Chinese School of the State Dynasty; Shu Benhua's Hereditary Theory After; On the Academic Community in Recent Years; On the Input of New Academic Terms; On the Vocation of Philosophers and Artists; The Four Principles of Educational Miscellaneous Feelings; and on Ordinary Educationalism. The first is prefaced, and fifty ancient and modern poems are appended. This collection of essays has not been reprinted in the final Republic of China, nor has the complete collection of "Testament of Wang Zhongyu of Haining" compiled by Luo Zhenyu included, and only the fifty ancient and modern poems in the appendix are compiled into the "Guantang Outer Collection".
Mr. Qian Zhongshu's "On Art" has many harsh comments on ancient and modern poets, or thinks that it is inappropriate to have insight, but mr. Wang Jing'an's poetry is more speculative. For example, on Huang Gongdu's poem: "The truth is not very high, the language is workmanship and humility; the arrogance is hidden, and every is vulgar." ...... Poor can say that the Western system is famous, and the sound of photoelectricization is thought to be embellished, and the western style is elegant, the sexual theory is small, and there is little understanding. Therefore, his poetry has new things, but no new reasons. On Yan Fu's poems: "Yan Ji Dao's western learning of juzi, and the "Poetry of the Temple" are respectful and content with their old ways; ... A few books lack profound thoughts, and the zhixixue also seeks inferior non-high theorists, such as Spencer, Müller, and Huxley; the translated books are incomprehensible, and the si is also bound by the knowledge. ”
As for Wang Jing'an's poems, it is said: "The elderly only Wang Jing'an, when he does less, always reveals the truth of the Western learning, and the salt smell of a few waters, not the golden shavings in his eyes." ...... The title of the Seven Laws and More Two Characters, Bixing with the mysterious feeling of sending heaven and man, and the victorious righteousness of Shen Compassion and Wisdom, is the true color language of the people who rule Western philosophy. The best can enter the "Poetry of the Drinking Ice Room", and the cave is too much. For example, the cloud of "Miscellaneous Feelings": "Sideways heaven and earth are painfully restrained, and the goddess is not climbable." If the clouds are not intentional, they are often faint, and the rivers are not competing. Chi Huai Shi Shui Strip Mountain, Toyi Kaiyuan WuDejian. The poets of the end were too rogue and begged for a happy land to the dust. This is not platonic ideal, but the envy of romanticism. "Out" Cloud: "When you go out, you know Xi Shi, and the day is not easy to faint." But the book is read, and today I dare to argue. A hundred years of chasing in the arms, a night is difficult to blame others. I want to ride the dragon and ask Uncle Xi who is illusory and who is true. This is not prothigas's anthropology, but is applied to what philosophers call subjective time. ”
Gai Qianshi believes that it can really have a Western philosophical thinking, rather than using new terms, and the realm is still Chinese, but Wang Jing'an poetry. The two poems cited above, "Miscellaneous Feelings" and "Going Out", are included in the fifty ancient and modern poems. Thirty-five years before Jing'an, Qian Shitong called it "very poetic"; on the basis of inadequacy, it is said: "It is difficult to avoid Wang Zhongxuan's ridicule of 'WenXiu quality'." ”
Finally, let me say a few words about the edition of the book. The book has the age of publication without the copyright of the book company, and the reminiscence article written by the Japanese Honda Seiyuki describes the author's apartment in Kyoto, Japan, and sees that this book "Yamaji" is inside (it can be known that burning 300 copies is probably true), so it is the "home engraving" that Chinese literati used to do in the past, and now the so-called "self-printed version" is also. As for where the book was printed, it is difficult to say, some say that it was printed by the Commercial Press, but according to me, it is suspicious, because although the punctuation uses the common circles of Chinese books, it also uses quotation marks and ellipses, which seems to have never been seen in business, or in the lead printing books of the late Qing Dynasty. The seal calligraphy of the title page "Shizuan Anthology" has the style of Japanese books, especially the binding of the western style, and depending on its professionalism, it does not look like a private modification. It is possible that this book was commissioned by Luo Zhenyu to print for him by the Japanese book company, and it should not be difficult to do with the relationship between Luo Shi and the Japanese academic community. Luo Fucheng (Luo Zhenyu's son), who compiled the Guantang Waiji, has a Barbyun in the collection: "The text after the thirty-fifth day of Zhongyu is both hand-bound as "Guantang Jilin" and printed by Wu Xingjiang; his poems before thirty-five years, the poems before Ruo Bing wu and the "Human Words", and the translation of the Ancient Records of The Study of Liusha, were printed by the family lord, and the out-of-print ones are long..." It can be seen that the "Jing'an Anthology" is undoubtedly printed by Luo Shi.
Editor-in-Charge: Zheng Shiliang
Proofreader: Ding Xiao