<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="44" > Preface: In 1958, Chairman Mao ordered the shelling of Kinmen. When everyone thought that the People's Liberation Army was going to fight Taiwan, Chairman Mao said that "we will not take Taiwan for 40 years." When everyone did not understand, Chiang Kai-shek praised him one after another. What secrets are hidden behind the Golden Gate Gun Battle? Interested partners don't forget to like and pay attention, let's explore it together! </h1>
Battle of the Golden Gate
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > million shelling kinmen</h1>
Chairman Mao ordered the shelling of Kinmen, and the United States was confused, but Chiang Kai-shek sighed three "good" in a row.
Kinmen was only about 10 kilometers from Xiamen and was an important geographical location for the Kuomintang to counterattack. At the end of the Liberation War, the Party Central Committee sent troops to attack Kinmen Island, but because the soldiers of our army were not good at crossing the sea, coupled with command mistakes and other reasons, they did not win the Battle of Kinmen in the end.
On July 15, 1958, the United States used its status as the "world policeman" to intervene in Lebanon. When the Central Military Commission learned of this, it immediately convened a meeting. Chairman Mao pointed out at the meeting that it is necessary to counterattack US imperialism and express solidarity with the people's revolution in the Middle East. After deliberation, Chairman Mao made the decision to shell Kinmen. Kinmen is China's territory, and the United States has no right to interfere in China's internal affairs, but it will not sit idly by, so that the purpose of containing the United States can be achieved.
Subsequently, the Central Military Commission held a meeting and made specific strategic arrangements for the Kinmen Artillery Battle. The duration of the artillery battle was about two or three months, and it was mainly based on ground artillery strikes. After the battle began, it was also necessary to arrange for the air force to be stationed in Shantou and Liancheng. When Chairman Mao made this decision, his mind flashed not only to Kinmen, but also to Washington, far away on the other side of the ocean.
After Chairman Mao made this decision, many people were confused. Does firing artillery at Kinmen mean declaring war on Chiang Kai-shek, and is the next step to fight taiwan? Not only the generals of our army are unaware of Chairman Mao's intentions, but even our ally, the Soviet Union, does not know the significance of this decision. However, the Soviet Union still made a statement that it would fully support China and provide armed assistance if necessary.
If China really wants to liberate Taiwan, this will undoubtedly strengthen the strength of the socialist countries. At this time, the United States no longer had the energy to meddle in the affairs of the Middle East countries, and hurriedly sent the fleet to the Taiwan Strait. In order to defend Taiwan, the United States has sent a navy and an air force, which seems to attach great importance to it. This also alleviates the crisis in Lebanon.
In addition to supporting the people of the Middle East, the shelling of Kinmen has two intentions, one is to go to the Kuomintang, and the other is of course to test the United States. After the War of Liberation, Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan, but his heart always wanted to fight back to the mainland. The shelling of Kinmen this time is not only a deterrent to the KMT, but also an attempt to force it onto the road of peacefully resolving the cross-strait issue.
The United States has been trying to interfere in China's internal affairs and provoke cross-strait disputes. The shelling of Kinmen was to see how strong the United States was in its determination to defend the Kuomintang. In 1954, the United States and the Kuomintang signed the Mutual Defense Treaty. Although Chairman Mao ordered the shelling of Kinmen, he did not make a follow-up strategic plan. In doing so, we want to test how much this so-called "mutual defense treaty" can make the United States willing to pay.
Although Chiang Kai-shek does not approve of the so-called "two Chinas" concept of the United States, he resolutely refrains from engaging in separatism. But chiang kai-shek's ambitions have not diminished, trying to unify China by force. In order to solve the problem peacefully, Chairman Mao came up with the strategy of shelling Kinmen, which can be said to be "killing three birds with one stone."
Chiang Kai-shek
On the afternoon of August 21, Chairman Mao held another meeting in Beidaihe to determine the specific plan for the shelling of Kinmen. Two days later, the Kinmen Artillery Battle officially began, and more than 500 large-caliber artillery pieces of the People's Liberation Army were ready to be launched. Within two hours, 30,000 shells landed on Kinmen Island, which can be said to be raining down.
After this shelling, the Nationalist army killed and wounded more than 600 people, and broke the Nationalist army's military gate defense line. Three lieutenant generals and deputy commanders were killed, and two U.S. advisers were killed in the shelling. At the most intense moment of the Kinmen shelling, Chiang Ching-kuo also went to Kinmen to supervise the battle. The next day, our army sent another navy, cutting off the transportation line of the Kuomintang army, and Kinmen was surrounded by our army.
After Chiang Kai-shek was briefly surprised to learn that our army had shelled Kinmen, he laughed and said three "yes." Subsequently, Chiang Kai-shek ordered his subordinates to send a distress signal to US President Dwight Eisenhower. The People's Liberation Army shelled Kinmen, why didn't Chiang Kai-shek laugh back in anger, and what was the secret in between?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="18" > insist on "one China"</h1>
The United States is determined to interfere in China's internal affairs and isolate Taiwan, and Chairman Mao has set a plan to test the determination of the United States!
Reunification of China is the wish of every son and daughter of china, but in the early days of the founding of New China, in order to resist us and aid Korea and maintain China's border security, we temporarily eased the plan to release Taiwan. At this time, the United States was also constrained by the Korean War and did not want to disperse its forces, so it was more restrained on Chiang Kai-shek, and the situation in the strait was once calm.
After the end of the Korean War, in order to deal with China, the United States permanently isolated Taiwan from the mainland, not only signed the "Mutual Defense Treaty," but also consistently declared in the international arena that Taiwan's status was undecided and that it should remain neutral. Even, the United States has tried to unite with britain, France and other countries to establish a "collective security defense" system in the Asia-Pacific region. In doing so, the United States wants to follow the old path of North Korea and Vietnam and split China.
Chairman Mao was keenly aware of the US conspiracy, and if certain measures were not taken in time to stop the other side, it was very likely that the US conspiracy would succeed. In May 1954, Premier Zhou, who was attending the Geneva Conference, received a telephone call from Chairman Mao telling Premier Zhou that he must take this opportunity to firmly state the position of the Chinese Government that Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory and must be liberated. On the same day, the People's Daily published an editorial entitled "We Must Liberate Taiwan." As soon as this article was issued, it immediately caused an uproar in the country, and the morale of the whole country was greatly encouraged.
On July 26, Chairman Mao went to Beidaihe to work. Looking at the endless sea, Chairman Mao once again mentioned the liberation of Taiwan. On the day of the Founding Day, Zhu De again put forward the idea of liberating Taiwan. Mr. Peng said: It is unrealistic to want to liberate Taiwan in a short period of time, and to liberate Taiwan, we must be prepared for a protracted struggle. Chairman Mao, in light of the ideas of the people, proposed that the attitude of liberating Taiwan should be resolute and that preparations should be made, but it should not be too urgent.
In order to safeguard his sovereignty, Chairman Mao decided to take some small military measures. These military actions have surprised the US government, thinking that China wants to liberate Taiwan by force. In order to stop the Chinese government, the United States sent the Seventh Fleet, even at the expense of threatening China with nuclear weapons, and the situation in the strait became tense for a while.
Originally, after the defeat in the Korean War, European countries had a lot of criticism of the United States. After seeing the attitude of its allies, the United States did not dare to directly intervene in the Taiwan dispute. As a result, the United States began to pressure Chiang Kai-shek to abandon Kinmen, Matsu and other islands adjacent to the mainland. This will facilitate the severing of ties between the mainland and Taiwan, and will serve the purpose of isolating Taiwan.
Chiang Kai-shek did not want to become a puppet of the US government and a sinner of history, so he refused to withdraw his troops from Kinmen. Not only that, but Taiwan has also continuously sent troops to Kinmen Island, and then constantly created friction in China's coastal areas. In the face of the shameless behavior of the Taiwan side, the Party Central Committee decided to teach them a little lesson.
In 1958, the United States intervened in Lebanon, in order to support the revolution in the Middle East, but also to deter the separatist forces in the Kuomintang and the United States, Chairman Mao proposed a plan to shell Kinmen. In the end, Chairman Mao decided that Ye Fei, political commissar of the Fuzhou Military Region, would command this operation. Ye Fei had participated in the Battle of Kinmen, and although he had not won, he had a certain understanding of the terrain of Kinmen and the enemy's deployment, and it was most appropriate for him to command him.
In order to make the enemy troops unaware of the movement of troops, Ye Fei ordered the warriors to lie down day and night. The gun trucks did not take national and provincial roads, but marched from dirt roads and village roads in the countryside. At that time, enemy aircraft would often conduct reconnaissance, and then disguise artillery vehicles as vehicles transporting timber. At the time of the march, it coincided with the rainy season, and the roads were muddy and difficult to walk, but the enemy's reconnaissance aircraft also reduced the number of reconnaissance.
In this battle plan, there was no plan to capture Kinmen, still less to capture Taiwan. It is only to show the world that China's determination to safeguard territorial sovereignty and its warning and deterrence to the United States and other countries interfering in China's internal affairs. After the Start of the Battle of Kinmen, the Kuomintang suffered heavy losses, and they had to rethink the method of resolving the cross-strait issue.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="30" > foil the U.S. conspiracy</h1>
Fighting without climbing, sealing but not dying, Chairman Mao used his strength to fight, and the United States was "chained" to Kinmen!
At the beginning of the Kinmen Artillery Battle, the United States had difficulty riding a tiger and had to start helping Chiang Kai-shek. President Dwight Eisenhower dispatched two aircraft carriers from the Sixth Fleet stationed in the Mediterranean to the Taiwan Strait to join the Seventh Fleet in terrorizing China. At that time, there were 12 aircraft carriers in service in the United States, and 6 were sent to the Taiwan Strait, which shows how strongly the United States reacted to the Kinmen Gun War.
Although the United States forced Chiang Kai-shek to abandon Kinmen before, now that the People's Liberation Army is shelling Kinmen and withdrawing from Kinmen at this time, it will undoubtedly lose face for itself, and it will also cause the morale of the Kuomintang army to plummet, and the United States will not allow such a thing to happen. However, once the dispute over the Taiwan Strait is involved in the Chinese civil war, the protest voice in the United States will not be small. It can be said that Chairman Mao's policy decision shows the wisdom of a politician.
The artillery battle in the Taiwan Strait is not only a simple military operation, but also a political game between countries. This game not only involves the Taiwan side, but more importantly, completely contains the United States in the Taiwan Strait region. Although the United States sent warships, they did not sail directly into the battlefield, but stopped 3 nautical miles away from Kinmen Island.
By shelling Kinmen, Chairman Mao was actually engaged in political struggle with the United States and Taiwan. The shelling of Kinmen is to support the anti-US struggle in the Middle East, the second is to fight back at the Taiwan side's harassment of China's waters, and the last point is to show China's position on the Taiwan issue, and the Chinese people will never tolerate any attempt to divide the country.
On September 3, Chairman Mao issued a statement warning other countries that they would not be allowed to enter China's territorial waters and airspace without permission, and that the width of China's territorial waters was clearly demarcated. As a result, the United States did not want to show weakness, and also issued a statement saying that it would help Taiwan defend Kinmen and Matsu, and also said with a straight face that such an unpleasant situation is something that the United States does not want to see. Finally, the United States has not forgotten to threaten China with atomic bombs.
Such a statement by the United States is only a political means, just to scare Off China, and will not really use nuclear weapons. In the Korean War, China did not retreat, and now it is even more fearful. Seeing that the Chinese government remained firm, it also blockaded Kinmen Island. The U.S. military sent 7 warships to escort the Nationalist army and help them restore the supply line.
Seeing that the US warships were also involved in the battlefield, Ye Fei was momentarily embarrassed. If the artillery hits the US warship, it will undoubtedly increase the conflict between China and the United States. Ye Fei reported this situation to Chairman Mao, who told Ye Fei, "We still have to fire artillery, but we must be optimistic about the opportunity and only hit the Kuomintang ships and not the US warships." Chairman Mao also asked Ye Fei to report every hour on the joint formation of the United States and the Kuomintang.
After hearing the reports from the front, Chairman Mao concluded that the US military was merely acting as a showman. When the fleet was marching, the U.S. warships did not surround the Nationalist supply ships, and if they did fire, the U.S. army would not necessarily protect the Nationalist supply ships. Sure enough, after the PLA opened fire, the US warship was the first to leave the battlefield.
In this test, Chairman Mao has already figured out the determination of the United States and the Kuomintang. The United States did not want to intervene directly in the Chinese civil war at all, and cooperation with the Kuomintang was not indestructible. On October 6, major media broadcast the "Letter to Taiwan Compatriots". In this statement, Chairman Mao pointed out that the United States is not credible, and both sides of the Taiwan Strait should adhere to the "one-China" principle and seek a peaceful solution to the problem. After issuing the statement, Chairman Mao ordered the Platon To take the initiative to stop the artillery.
At the meeting, Chairman Mao explicitly said: "The purpose of the artillery battle in the Taiwan Strait is to help the chairman of the CPPCC National Committee guard the Golden Gate. "If Chiang Kai-shek abandons Kinmen under pressure from the United States, then the mainland and Taiwan will really be isolated." For this reason, during the artillery battle in the Taiwan Strait, Chairman Mao also put forward the eight-character policy: Fight without boarding, seal but not die! It not only dragged down the United States and had to protect the Golden Gate, but also showed the Taiwan side its sincerity in seeking liberation.
U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower, speaking of Chairman Mao, once said: "He is an extremely difficult figure to deal with. Chairman Mao ordered the shelling of Kinmen on the basis of a correct judgment of the international situation. This shelling, killing three birds with one stone, used its strength to defeat the US conspiracy to split China and safeguarded the "one China" principle! The artillery battle in the Taiwan Strait has passed, but Chairman Mao's wisdom and long-term vision will always be the most dazzling in the long river of history!
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