<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > preface</h1>
American spotted diver is a genus of diptera, suborder Mangosteenidae, suborder, subfamily, also known as vegetable spotted diver, American melon spotted diver, Alfalfa spotted diving fly, scientific name Liriomyzasativae (Blanchard). However, the insect is generally not harmful to celery, which can be distinguished from the South American spotted fly.
The American spotted fly is dominated by the leaf flesh between the epidermis on the leaves of the larvae moth, forming yellow-white snake spots with wet black and dry brown areas, and the pit is 30 to 50 mm long and 3 mm wide. Adults lay eggs and feed also cause wound spots, so that the chlorophyll cells of plant leaves are damaged, the photosynthetic area is reduced, and in severe cases, it causes bleaching of leaves, and can dry up and die in the later stage. The activity of the insect body can also transmit a variety of viruses. Severely damaged plants can cause the leaves to wither and fall off, or even the whole plant to die (pictured). At low latitudes or in greenhouses, the American spotted fly can reproduce year-round, with more than 10 generations a year. In the vast area north of the Yangtze River, it is only possible to overwinter in greenhouses and winter-warm greenhouses.
The American spotted diving fly has limited flight power, so the natural diffusion ability is strong. The larvae of the egg mainly spread over long distances with the host plant, cut strips, cut flowers, leafy vegetables, leaves with leaves, leaves that serve as the bedding, filling, and packaging of melons, fruits, beans, or pupae with the soil and transportation of potted plants.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > morphological characteristics</h1>
Adults: Small, about 1.3 to 2.3 mm long, pale grayish black. The head and forehead protrude slightly above the compound eye, slightly less than 1.5 times the width of the compound eye; the antennae and face are bright yellow, the abdomen is mostly black, and the sides of the dorsal plate are yellow (pictured).
Eggs: oval in shape, 0.2 to 0.3 mm in length and 0.1 to 0.15 mm in short diameter, beige, slightly transparent.
Larvae: maggot-like, colorless at first hatching, gradient yellowish-green, later orange-yellow, about 3 mm long; posterior valve process is conical, trifurcated at the apex, each with an opening, and the protrusions at both ends are elongated, a total of 3 instars (figure).
Pupa: oval, circumferential pupae, slightly flattened ventral surface, 1.7 to 2.3 mm long, orange-yellow, posterior phylloscopes are the same as larvae (figure).
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > prevention and control measures</h1>
Quarantine measures Strict quarantine to prevent the spread of the insect.
Agricultural control In areas with heavy occurrence of Spotted Fly in the Americas, we should pay attention to the layout of vegetable planting, and the beans, melons and eggplant fruits that the insects are addicted to are planted or rotated with crops that do not like to eat. After harvesting, the residue of the plant should be removed in time to reduce the number of insect sources.
Trap adult insects In the greenhouse or greenhouse, the yellow plate trap method can be used to eliminate adult insects, and the yellow trap board (belt) (which can be made of plywood and plastic film) is set indoors, coated with orange peel yellow, and smeared with No. 10 or No. 11 motor oil, hanging at a height of 1.5 meters between the rows, with obvious insect attraction effect. Fly-killing paper can also be used to trap, in the beginning to the end of the adult occurrence, set up 15 booby-trap points per acre, 1 piece of fly-trap paper at each point, and replace it every 3 to 4 days. Spotted fly booby trap cards can also be used, and when used, the booby trap cards are uncovered and hung in places with a large number of adult insects, and replaced every 15 days.
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Pesticide control </h1>
Due to the short ovulation period of the worm and the strong resistance of the elderly larvae, it can be used at the peak of the adult to the peak of the egg incubation period or during the peak period of the early larvae. The agents to kill the larvae are 1.8% avermectin emulsion 4000 times liquid, 1% methamino avermectin emulsion 4000 times liquid, 0.5% ivermectin emulsion 1500 times liquid, 25% pyramide No. 3 suspension 1500 times liquid, 20% axacytosis suspension 8000 times liquid, 50% carbolastin wettable powder 1500 times liquid, 20% insecticidal double water agent 800 times liquid, 90% insecticidal single wettable powder 2000 times liquid, 30% furoxamin wettable powder 8000 times liquid, 36% g mite emulsion 1000 times liquid and other sprays. Adult insects can be eliminated using 80% dichlorvos emulsion 800 times liquid, 10% cypermethrin or 5% high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsion 1500 times liquid. Spray carefully so that each leaf is sprayed.
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