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Yesterday afternoon, the Chinese women's football team fell behind from 2:1 to equalize the score, and then reversed the South Korean women's football team in extra time and successfully advanced to the Olympic finals, adding another legendary story to the Chinese sports world.
In our wine culture, there are also such a group of legendary women who have left their names in history.
In the dayu era, legend has it that Yi Di created a mellow wine. The Warring States Strategy Wei Ce II records: "In the past, the emperor ordered Yi Di to be beautiful as wine, to enter The Yu, the Yu to drink and be willing, so the Yi Di, the absolute will of the wine; Historians believe that Yi Diying was a woman, and for a long time in ancient times, it was women who made wine, which was also related to the social division of labor at that time. In the Zhou Li Tianguan, it is recorded: "Thirty female winemen. The "female wine" here refers to the women responsible for making wine.
However, in the early society, the figure of female sake brewers was not too much written record, and it was hidden in history. Zhou Shuxi, a female writer of the Ming Dynasty, saw this, and she sighed in "Du Kang Temple": "There are new bad things and new wastes, and there are poems inscribed on the Du Kang Bridge." The most pitiful person is a woman, and there has been no Yi Di Temple for a thousand years. ”
Now YiDi statue, China also has "China Liquor Industry Yidi Award".
Why is that? We know that in ancient societies, wine was an important sacrificial item. However, in the past, the production conditions were not good, and the quality of the output was very different. The quality of sake that can be used for sacrifice is the best, and only a small part of these sake is offered to the princes and nobles. In ancient society, except for the primitive matriarchal society, it was basically dominated by men, with few exceptions. Therefore, the harem concubines do not care, and it seems unreasonable for ordinary women to drink alcohol.
In the Book of Poetry, It is written: "Pan Bi Bai Zhou, also pan its flow." If you are sleepless, if you have hidden worries. Micro-I no wine, to Ao to swim. This is a poem by the pre-Qin female writer Lady Wei Xuan to relieve her inner sorrows. Lady Wei Xuan was originally the daughter of Marquis Qi, and later married to Wei Guo. But before she could meet her fiancé, Wei Guojun died. Lady Wei Xuan insisted on going her own way, and entered the guard for three years of mourning, and rejected the marriage proposal of the emperor Wen Gong, who had already been decided. But because of this, her life is more difficult, and her heart is very sad and cannot be relieved. "I have no wine, I swim with Ao", which refers to the feeling that Mrs. Wei Xuan suddenly felt that she could not drink good wine when she was in pain, and could only go out for a walk. This kind of bitterness has been the main theme between wine and women for a long time, and there are no exceptions in the few words.
Legend has it that Lady Wei Xuan was a great beauty who was very loyal to the marriage, and it was probably this loyalty and misery that attracted Wen Gong.
However, by the Tang Dynasty, drinking and brewing were already very popular, not to mention that this era was still very prosperous and open. This led to the female officials of the court being able to participate in the feast, leaving behind the beautiful words of the noble concubines who were drunk; down to the commoner women, following the example of Wenjun Dangyuan to make a living. Especially at that time, the singers and prostitutes crowned, and drinking alcohol was not in the minority.
Yu Xuanji is the most famous, she is intelligent in nature, and she is also relatively free, although she is a famous prostitute in Chang'an, she is quite talented, and she is the forgotten friend of the literary scholar Wen Tingjun. According to statistics, there are as many as ten poems about wine in her poems, accounting for about a quarter of the surviving works. She said, "And before the drunken bottle, the sorrow and joy of the past are the same as the present", and she saw the sorrow and happiness thoroughly. In "Chongyang Blocking rain": "The wind and rain in front of the hat table are obstructed, and I don't know where to get drunk with the golden cup." "Just as people will drink some high wine to make themselves feel hot when they cross the snowy mountains, Yu Xuanji also wants to have two drinks to relieve his fatigue in the cold wind and drizzle." In the second part of the "Two Songs of Jiang Xing", she also recorded: "Drunk lying awake and groaning, I am shocked at the head of the Han River." During Jiangxing's journey, drinking and sleeping may be the pleasure she finds for herself.
Yu Xuanji is the most humane, in addition to her talent and her bumpy story, it is precisely because of love that she finally ended up dying tragically. There is such a poem that describes the once beautiful heart. In the "Ciyun West Neighbor New Residence and Begging Wine", it is written: "A poem comes to Baidu, and the new love words are sound golden." Looking west has the intention of climbing the wall, can there be no fossil heart in the distance? In the Hehan period, the credit is extremely empty, and Xiao Xiang dreams of quitting the tuning of the piano. In the case of the cold festival, the homesickness is added, and the uncle night is not alone. Yu Xuanji and this beautiful and handsome "West Neighbor" poem sang harmony to convey the heart. She said that after I saw you, just like the young girl in ancient times when she stood on the wall and peeked at Song Yu, she also had the same meaning of love, hoping that by begging for wine, she would live up to the night with the other party when she drank.
Later generations made portraits of fish mysteries.
In this special era, the emergence of Yu Xuanji is not unique, and even opens up a new direction for the story of women and wine in the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, it was the era when women most frequently participated in alcohol activities. From the talented daughter Li Qingzhao to Wei Play Lady Wei, to Yang Huishu, Lian Miaoshu, Zhang Yuniang, Zhu Shuzhen and other court female relatives and eunuch daughters, wine has basically become an ordinary drink in their lives. In the Song Dynasty, female lyricists who liked wine created more than a hundred poems about wine, more than five times the previous total, and the content also changed from the daughter's grief and worry to the trivialities of life, which was more bright and lively than before.
The wine in the women's literature of the Song Dynasty presents the youth and agility of women. Zhu Shuzhen's "Removing the Sun" wrote, "The sound of firecrackers has been crippled, and tusu wine is warm and candles are cold." Hazy dawn color cage spring color, then feel that the scenery is not ordinary. "The golden cup of red candles and firecrackers have created a joyful and lively atmosphere Chinese New Year's Eve. Tu Su wine sent away the cold winter, ushered in the spring light and full of vitality, and also ushered in a beautiful youth and a life full of hope. In Li Qingzhao's "Like a Dream Order", "Tasting the Sunset of the Creek Pavilion, Drunk and Not Knowing the Way Home", the description is the wonderful scene of her playing in a boat when she was a teenager and mistakenly entering the depths of the lotus flower.
Of course, the background of the Song Dynasty also has its own uniqueness. The turbulent situation at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty also condensed the sorrow of the broken mountains and rivers and the scattered in the different places in the life imagery of the women of the Song Dynasty, and the grief of nostalgia for the homeland and the past.
Later, in order to advocate grain conservation in the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang implemented a period of prohibition of alcohol, but the attraction of wine was indeed very large, and many people secretly made wine to make wine, and the winemaking technology during this period was greatly improved. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the style of drinking was even worse, and the depiction of women in many popular Ming and Qing novels increased significantly, and the scene of drinking was particularly common. In "Dream of the Red Chamber", the girls of the national color and heavenly fragrance play with the liquor order, each with their own talents and ingenuity. The names of the flowers, the hidden hooks, and the shooting that we talked about before have all been turned over by the women of the Red Chamber, and they have been appreciated by the elegant and popular, and they have also achieved a "Red Chamber".
Throughout the dynasties, women and wine have different tones and emotional colors of legends, but also for China's wine culture to add a different mood.
Do you also have a legendary female friend related to alcohol?
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Recommended in previous periods
It is said that the Tang Dynasty people loved to drink, where did the Tang Dynasty liquor store open?
Is sweet wine delicious or is spicy wine delicious? Listen to what the Song people have to say
These kinds of liquor orders are also very delicate to take on the wine table now
Resources
[1] Shu Hongxia: Ancient Chinese Women's Literature and Wine Culture, Tangdu Academic Journal;
[2] Xiao Fuxing, Yang Liya: The Indissoluble Relationship between Ancient Women and Wine, The World of Dining;
[3] Anon. : Yi Di As Wine: Is Yi Di a Man or a Woman? , Sohu.com;
[4] Anon.com: "The Infatuation of The Love of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty: Two Infatuated Women in the Spring and Autumn Period, What Are Their Decisions", Sohu.com;
[5] Ma Guoyun, "The Dual Perspective of Women's Consciousness in the Tang Dynasty: An Investigation Based on Women's Drinking", Journal of Shandong Women's College;
[6] Anon. "Everyone in the world pities Li Qingzhao, and laments the mystery of the fish", Sohu.com;
[7] Shen Rongsen: "A Brief Exploration of Li Qingzhao's Wine Words", Dongyue On Cong;
[8] Li Chengrun: "Study on the Creative Characteristics of Female Lyricists in the Song Dynasty", Yanbian University;
[9] Gushiwen Network and other content websites.
Note: The picture originates from the network, hereby thanks, invasion and deletion!