Notes for the third class of literary appreciation
2021.10.25
Speaker: Yu Lei Recorder: Li Yuantao
Assignment "Last Year's Tree"
Punch card recommendations:
Punch time allocation:
It is recommended to clock in at least twice a week,
Have time to write connoisseur analysis,
Time is tight to write reading notes.
Assignment Review:
1. Reading practice Already have reading experience and life experience
2. Find the places in the work that move you and explain why
3. Make judgments based on your own knowledge of literary and artistic theory
4. Analyze the teaching activities in connection with the teaching activities
Writing of literary appreciation articles
1. Select a reading material to read
2. Theme analysis: summarize the main content of the article, the central idea
3. Structural analysis: Structure is the outward manifestation of the author's thinking
4. Character image analysis: The core of fairy tales and novels is to shape the character image.
5. Aesthetic analysis: the aesthetic uniqueness embodied in the work.
6. Author style analysis: Analysis according to the author's writing style
……
Preparations for literary appreciation
First, know what to write. Get an idea of the basic content of the work.
Second, know how to write. Interpret the way the work was created and the art form.
The teacher's emphasis on reading the picture book "Oops, Little Red Riding Hood" is textbook
Ancient Chinese Theory of Appreciation:
1. Phi Wen is affectionate
From Liu Xun's "Wenxin Carved Dragon Zhiyin": The husband embellishes the writer and resigns emotionally, and the viewer wears the text to enter the feelings, and asks for the source along the waves, although the shadow will be revealed.
Baidu explanation: Writers' creation is always from the inside out, that is, the internal mood produced by the feeling of objective reality first, this mood is expressed through the words, and the people who read the article understand the emotions that the author wants to express through the copywriting, and find the source of the article along the text, even if the deep meaning will be revealed and understood.
"To desire the affection of a writer is to obtain it from outside the image, and if one clings to the concrete image, one cannot attain infinite affection. But although affection is not in words, it cannot obtain infinite affection. However, although affection is not in words, it must be obtained by means of words, so the pursuit of unspoken meaning and extra-literary purpose has become the ultimate goal that writers and artists want to achieve. “
Hemingway's inspiration for The Old Man and the Sea
Zhu Ziqing's "Back Shadow" inspiration source: When his father bid farewell to Zhu Ziqing at the station, Zhu Ziqing saw his father's touching back when he crossed the platform and went to buy oranges for him.
The relationship between reading and writing
Writing is to express one's own feelings about life in words.
Reading is to discover the author's thoughts and feelings from the text.
"Poetry" actually means the same thing.
Words are the connection between reading and writing.
Thinking: Is it a love poem?
"Festival Woman Yin" Tang Zhang Book
Junzhi concubines have husbands, and give concubines double pearls.
The sense of the king is lingering, tied in a red robe.
The concubines' high-rise buildings are even raised, and the good people hold the Mingguang Li.
Zhijun's heart is like the sun and the moon, and the husband vows to live and die together.
Jun Mingzhu wept bitterly, hating not meeting and not marrying.
Political metaphors
Tang poems with two-dimensional connotations.
Text: It depicts a wife who is loyal to her husband, and after a struggle of ideas, finally rejects the pursuit of an amorous man and keeps the woman's way.
The level of Yuyi: It expresses the author's determination to be loyal to the imperial court and not to be co-opted or bribed by high-ranking officials of the clan town.
Second, the poem is not up to parable
From the time the Book of Poetry was written, the commentaries were divided. Dong Zhongshu, a Han Chinese, said: "Poetry has no da chen." This means that there is no general or immutable interpretation of the Book of Verses, and that there are differences from time to time.
In view of this, the commentator weighs the crowd and chooses which one he thinks is the most appropriate and responsive to the willingness, and introduces it to the reader.
The same poem will also have different interpretations because of different connoisseurs, which is caused by differences in the connoisseur's experience and emotional state.
The most direct illustration is: "For a thousand readers, there are a thousand Hamlets."
New Solution to Cinderella
1. Be sure to be punctual
2. Don't be sloppy in front of others
3. Stepmothers are not bad people, but they can't love others like they love their own children.
4. Everyone needs friends.
5. Love yourself.
6. The crystal shoe did not disappear unreasonablely.
3. Contrary to intention
From Mencius Ten Thousand Chapters: Therefore, those who say "poetry" do not harm words with words, do not harm their minds with words; they oppose their intentions with their intentions, in order to obtain them.
Using the meaning of the words plus one's own experience and ideas to speculate on the work is the correct way to read poetry.
Find out what's not quite right in this poem:
"Plugged Down" (Don Lulun)
Moon black geese fly high,
Escape at night alone.
Want to drive the light riding away,
Heavy snow filled the bow knife.
Hua Luogeng questioned:
"When there is heavy snow in the north, the geese fly south early. The moon is dark and the sky is flying high, how to see the geese flying. ”
Guo Moruo and:
"In late autumn, the geese flew south, and the lazy geese did not follow. Suddenly, the cold current arrived, and the wings chased after it. ”
To understand with one's own experience
To understand with your own experience, you first need to associate
The stronger the sense of language, the more accumulated, the deeper the understanding.
Lu Xun: "If you want a paper, it is best to take into account the whole article, and take into account the author and the social state in which he is located, which is more conclusive." ”
Thinking: "Berthing Guazhou" Northern Song Dynasty Wang Anshi
Between the waters of Jingkou Guazhou, Zhongshan is only separated by a few heavy mountains.
The spring breeze is on the south bank of the Green River, when will the bright moon shine on me.
Does "spring wind" have other meanings?
The vibrant scenery depicted in the phrase "Spring Breeze and South Bank of the Green River" is in harmony with the poet's joyful mood of being called back to Beijing.
The word "spring wind" is both realistic and political. "Spring wind" actually refers to the grace of the emperor.
Emperor Shenzong of Song issued an edict to restore Wang Anshi's position, indicating his determination to carry out the new law. He hoped to use this warm spring breeze to dispel the cold current in politics and create a new situation of law change.
The word "green" also reveals the contradictions in the poet's heart, which is the main theme of this poem.
In view of the sharp and complicated political struggle at the imperial court on the eve of the first resignation, he could not but have many concerns about this re-entry.
Changing the law and trying to be strong is his political ideal: retreating to the forest and chanting emotions is his ideal of life.
Due to the strong resistance to the change, he himself was also violently attacked by the opposition, and the beautiful Bell Mountain and the idyllic mountain forest had a great attraction for him.
Such a work has a double meaning, which is simply incomprehensible from the literal point of view.
Fourth, know people and discuss the world
"Knowing People on the World" is from Mencius's "Ten Thousand Chapters and Chapters"
Lu Xun: "If you want a paper, it is best to take care of the whole article"
Summary of The Appreciation Of Ancient Chinese Literature:
The process of literary appreciation
(i) Feeling and rebuilding
(2) Experience and resonance
(iii) Understanding and comprehension
(iv) Judgment and aftertaste
Requirements for literary appreciation:
Appreciate art with an artistic eye
Inside, out of the way
Cognitive background, know the author
Overall grasp, local excavation
Hermeneutics reflects the tendency of exchange, penetration, and integration among the various disciplines of contemporary humanities research.
Narrow hermeneutics refers to branches and schools of partial hermeneutics, general hermeneutics, and philosophical hermeneutics.
Representative figures are Schleiermacher, Dilthey and the Italian philosopher Emirio Betty.
Emirio Betty, in response to Gadamer's Truth and Method, published two books, Hermeneutics as a Universal Method of Spiritual Science (1967).
Attempts were made to establish a universal "understanding" approach based on the examination of models of interpretation in a multidisciplinary manner, prescribing a set of standards of interpretation.
Works of art do not have eternity, but only have a historical nature that is constantly accepted by readers of different societies and different historical periods.
Classics exist only when they are accepted. The reader's acceptance activities are limited by their own historical conditions and are also regulated by the scope of the work, so they cannot do whatever they want.
The author establishes a dialogue relationship with the reader through the work. When a work appears, there is a level of anticipation, that is, what to expect to read from the work.
The reader's expectations establish a frame of reference, and the reader's experience is thus associated with the author's experience.
The level of anticipation is determined both by the literary genre and by the reader's previous experience of the genre.
The value of the work lies in the fact that it is inconsistent with the reader's level of expectation, creating an aesthetic distance.
Analyzing the level of expectation and the actual experience of aesthetic feelings, it is also possible to understand the artistic standards of the past.
There are three types of recipients: general readers, critics, and writers.
As for the theory of acceptance, many well-known people have made relevant interpretations: the French literary critic Saint-Beuf said: "The greatest poet is not the poet who creates the most, but the poet who inspires the most." ”
Feuerbach said of music: "When the tone catches you, what catches you?" What do you hear in the tone? Isn't it your own voice that you hear? ”