Writer Mu Xin said:
"Sometimes, life is really not as good as Tao Yuanming."
From ancient times to the present, few people can be as open-minded as Tao Yuanming, and when they are not happy at work, they quit their jobs, and then return to the garden and live in the countryside, pick chrysanthemums in the east hedge, and live a poor and comfortable life.
In the vast world, there are uneven people, and there are a variety of lives.
There is no good or bad way of life, the difference is whether it is to live against the heart or to go with the heart.
The Lin Kui of the Northern Song Dynasty is an outlier.
He listened to the call of his heart, chose his favorite way of life, lived in seclusion in the mountains and forests, and lived a Tao Yuanming.
As he describes himself in his poem:
"The North Window man is in the Xi Emperor, and when yuanming is given together."
Idyllic temperament, secluded in the mountains
Probably because of his seclusion, Lin Kui's biographical information can not be found much.
His surname was Lin Mingkui (林名逋), the character Junfu (君復), a native of Fenghua, Zhejiang, and he was orphaned at a young age.
He studied hard from an early age and was familiar with the subset of scriptures and history and the hundred families of the sons.
Learning and excellence, this is the way out for the ancient literati.
A person who reads a book, since he is knowledgeable and knowledgeable, should take the examination for meritorious name and seek official positions in order to support his family.
If the world is clear and humane, you may be able to earn a splendid future.
Friends persuaded Lin Kui to become an official, but he denied it.
Because he knows best his "idyllic and ancient, prosperous and profitable" mentality, only he knows his own interests best:
"What I want to do is not a room family, not a famous and rich person, I only think that the green mountains and rivers are suitable for me."
He told his friend that my ambition was not to live in the family life, and I did not want to pursue fame and fortune.
The green mountains and rivers are similar to me, and only when I walk into nature will I feel happy.
The development of the times so far, who to love, what to think, lifestyle has allowed diversification.
As an ancient person a thousand years ago, I understood that marrying a wife and having children is not a task that must be completed, and starting a family is not the only way, people should follow their own temperament to take a suitable lifestyle, which is very independent and very avant-garde.
In his youth, Lin Kui once traveled to Jianghuai and traveled all over the world.
At the age of forty, he was far away from the red dust and lived in the isolated mountain of Hangzhou's West Lake.
Bamboo trees surround me, and there is more than enough deep interest.
Cranes are idle in the water for a long time, and bees are lazy to pick flowers.
Alcohol sickness hinders the opening of the roll, and the spring shade enters the lotus hoe.
Taste the ancient pictures, mostly write about the fishing tree.
This poem "Little Hidden Self-Title" is his sketch depicting a reclusive life.
A hut, a bamboo forest, quiet and interesting.
A pair of cranes paced along the river, looking leisurely, a group of bees idle and lazy, wanting to collect honey, not wanting to collect honey.
Lin Kui himself, he likes to drink, often drunk to the slightest, throwing down books, taking a nap.
On a cloudy day, the sun is not shining, so put on the hoe on your back and work in the field.
Idle to enjoy the ancient paintings, painting the life of the fishing tree cultivation, which makes people yearn for it.
The painting that the heart yearns for is actually the appearance of Lin Kui's real life.
Unmarried all her life, Plum wife Tsuruko
Zhang Chao wrote in "Shadow of Dreams": "Ju takes Yuanming as a confidant, and Mei takes Hejing as a confidant. ”
Lin Kui has a special love for plum blossoms. He opened up fields in the lonely mountains and planted more than three hundred plum trees.
Look at the flowers in March, sell plums in April, and make money by enjoying and playing.
In addition to planting plums and appreciating plums, Lin Kui also paints and writes plums.
Among the many works he wrote for plum blossoms, the most famous is "Mountain Garden Xiaomei", a seven-word poem known as "the song of the ancient yongmei":
Zhongfang shook off Du Xuanyan and occupied the style to the small garden.
The shadow is shallow and shallow, and the dark incense floats at dusk.
The frost bird wants to steal its eyes first, and the pink butterfly is like knowing the soul.
Fortunately, there are micro-chants that can be snought together, and there is no need for sandalwood to share the golden bottle.
All year round, nature is full of flowers, and they can't wait to show their beauty.
Plum blossoms are unique, she does not compete, willing to keep lonely, rather than bloom quietly in the winter of "the fangs falling".
In Lin Kui's eyes, Mei's peerless Xuanyan made elves like White Crane and Pink Butterfly feel ashamed and ashamed of themselves.
"The shadow is shallow and shallow, and the dark incense floats in the dusk of the moon", which is a famous sentence written by Mei throughout the ages.
This is not Lin Kui's original, but a sentence from the Southern Tang Dynasty poet Jiang Wei:
"Bamboo shadow horizontal oblique water shallow, cinnamon floating moon dusk."
He exerted his refining skills, changing "bamboo" to "sparse" and "gui" to "dark", turning the real into a virtual, small change, in exchange for a different charm.
The independent character of the plum blossom is not the high standard of the poet's tranquility and far-reaching?
Lin Kui domesticated two cranes and kept them in cages on weekdays.
He often took a boat trip to the West Lake to find the ancients. If someone came to visit, the child servant would open the cage and let it go to the owner to report the letter.
People see cranes, know that customers come, and row boats back.
Lin Kui never married in his life, and he claimed that he took Mei as his wife and crane as his son.
In Gu Long's novel "Happy Hero", Wang Wang, the owner of the Rich Mountain Villa, heard the story of Lin Hejing and fell in love with plum blossoms, and he buried a pot of wine under the plum tree, hoping to dip some plum blossoms.
Guo Dalu quipped: "Taking Plum Blossom as a wife is crazy enough, I can't imagine that this person is actually even more crazy." ”
Red plum, a fairy in flowers.
White crane, a fairy among birds.
People who listen to stories, are obsessed with stories.
People who live in the story are oblivious because of the immortals.
With a clear heart, be a cloud outsider
Life is short, the eunuch sea is sinister, and many ancient literati will have the heart of retreat.
When will I go home and be an idler.
To a piano, a pot of wine, a stream of clouds.
This is Su Dongpo's wish.
But he just thought about it, and always did the things that entered the world with the heart of birth.
During his tenure in Hangzhou, Su Dongpo often visited the West Lake with friends and raised a glass of wine.
The big is hidden in the north, the middle is hidden in the city, and the small is hidden in the wild.
Because Su Dongpo came to Hangzhou, a paradise on earth, he said that he was "a small hidden chat in the middle of no-brainers".
When he climbs to the top of the mountain and looks at the landscape of the West Lake, it is inevitable that he will not think of Lin Kui, who once lived here.
Ten years after Lin Kui's death, Su Dongpo came to the world.
Su Dongpo admired this free-spirited predecessor, reading his poems during the day and dreaming of his people at night.
After waking up, Su Shi wrote a poem "After the Shu Lin Kui Poem", which had the following sentence:
Sir is a very ordinary man, and the gods are cold and unconventional.
I don't know jun once dreamed, the pupil is clear and candle-like.
Su Dongpo believes that Lin Kui does not belong to the isolated people, but is born with a cold and otherworldly temperament.
In the dream, Lin Kuifeng was handsome and handsome, and his eyes were shining with energy.
Moreover, he also left Su Dongpo with the impression that "the high festival of ordinary life is difficult to continue".
Lin Kui wrote poems and paintings with abandonment, and some people suggested that he collect excerpts from the poems so that they could be preserved for posterity.
But he looked unconcerned:
"We are obscure, and we do not want to be famous for a while, but what about the future generations?"
Since you live in seclusion in the mountains and forests, you should abandon your fame and fortune, and since you have put down your life, where can you manage the affairs behind you?
Only when people have the heart to preserve the transcription of Lin Kui," we have the privilege of reading his poems that are "clear and high," as if they were human", so that we can use these poems to appreciate the wind and moon of the West Lake at that time.
The spring water is pure in the monk's eyes, and the evening mountain is thick like the green of the Buddha's head.
It's spring at West Lake.
The water vapor and the shadow of the mountains, the sky has become autumn.
Lin Shen was pleased to see the temple, and the shore quietly moved the boat.
This is a fall event.
The water of the lake enters the hedge mountain and surrounds the house, and the seclusion should be contrary to the world.
The idle door hides itself in the moss color, and when visitors come, they frighten the white birds to fly.
It's the daily routine of seclusion.
Lin Kui's life is simple and rich, planting plums, raising cranes, reading, tasting tea, drinking, playing the piano, collecting medicine, spring travel, visiting monks by boat, ascending to the heights, fishing and feeding cats, writing letters to distant friends...
It is better to be a cloud outsider, to be proud of the peace with a clear heart, and to inhabit the landscape.
In the world of flowers and flowers, there are too many temptations, and once you lose yourself, you will not know where to go.
Sober people know what they don't want, and they know what they want, and they make trade-offs for this and be themselves.
Isolated mountain for more than twenty years, Lin Kui has never set foot in the city once.
Because he knows that where people are crowded, there is nothing he wants.
Life is not enough, because there are regrets
In his twilight years, Lin Kui understood that his time was short, so he built a tomb near the house in advance and wrote a poem:
The green mountains on the lake are knotted, and the bamboo repair in front of the grave is also sparse.
Mao Ling asked for a manuscript every day, and Yu Xi had no seal zen book.
This is his look back at the road of life, and it is also equivalent to an epitaph.
After Lin Kui's death, the news reached the imperial court, and Emperor Renzong of Song gave him the title he gave him the title of Hejing.
Later generations called him Mr. Hejing.
In this life, I am with the mountain spring, neighbor with flowers and birds, inhabit the forest spring, and live poetically and freely.
According to their own interests, listen to the call of the heart, live with their hearts, have not said anything against their hearts, have not written flattering poems.
Is such a life a consummation?
In later generations, tomb robbers found two items in Lin Kui's tomb, one with a stone and a jade hairpin.
It is no surprise that most literati loved stones. How could the jade hairpin worn by the woman become something he treasured with him?
Lin Kui, who has never been married in his life, may have a story of love and cannot be hidden in the depths of the red dust of history?
Reading his surviving poems makes people feel that there is no red dust, and it is full of landscape leisure.
In fact, he also has a unique style of words, between the lines, full of affection:
Wu Shanqing, Yue shanqing, green mountains on both sides of the strait to greet each other,
Who knows the parting?
Jun tears, concubine tears, Luo belt concentric knot is not completed,
The tide by the river has subsided.
This Que "Lovesickness Order" writes in a female tone about her parting from her lover by the river.
Today's parting, the mountains are long and the water is far away, the river is leisurely, and the love and hate are leisurely.
Is Lin Kui writing about himself, or someone else?
If it was his own story, it would be the regret of his life.
A jade hairpin and a "love order" are put together to associate, and it is easy to stitch together a little-known but understandable regret.
Life inevitably has regrets, just like stories always have blanks.
At least, in his life, reading and playing the piano, Mei's wife and crane, uncompromising, not going to settle, spent a beautiful and leisurely journey.
A thousand years later, the writer Zhang Hongjie wrote in a book:
Lin Hejing's life is successful in the value coordinates of Chinese, and his image of silence and dust will always be collected by history into the beautiful Landscape of the West Lake, and his cain should be said to be a complete success.
Life is not enough, because there are regrets.
I think that Lin Kui is not only successful because of cain, but also because he has lived his life in the way he likes.
Author | Jiang Xu, a post-80s woman, cooked characters to cure hunger and borrowed a pen to draw a heart
Image | Stills from "Qing Ping Le"