Can pei song's notes overturn the historical record of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms?

To deal with this subject, we must first understand the dialectical relationship between Pei Song's notes and the history of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

As we all know, Chen Shou's "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is concise and clear, without much uncertainty and mixed discussion. In the aftermath of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", there are various people who have written literature or historical materials, mixed with "views" and expositions that are different from those recorded in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and also filled in the "unspoken" of Chen Shouzhi.

Because the historical legend is "refuted", this is the motivation and precondition for Pei Songzhi's annotation of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Pei Songzhi's notes are "to be different", "to punish delusions", and "to fill the gap". "BiYi" should be a commentary that is different from the historical record of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and "punishing delusion" is of course "annotated" against the historical record of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and "supplementing the gap" is of course a supplement to Chen Shou's absence.

Pei Songzhi's notes, as a collection of documents, cite the notes recorded in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. But can Pei Note be used as a "historical work"? I'm afraid not. It can only appear as an appendix to Chen Shou's Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but it cannot be embodied as a historical work. The reason is very simple, remove the original record of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Pei Notes is scattered with chicken feathers.

Pei's annotation is a commentary, because the Records of the Three Kingdoms exists, and it has a carrier to interpret the annotations.

Is Pei Zhu the true history? Of course, the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms is a canonical history, but Pei Songzhi's notes are not necessarily, it cites canonical history, wild history, documents, stories, myths and legends, etc., because Pei's notes do not appear as an independent historical work, nor does it have the attributes of so-called canonical history or wild history.

Can Pei Songzhi's annotations overturn the historical record of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms? No, because the skin doesn't exist – there is no hair!

Xiangyang speakers often beat Pei's notes on the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" to swollen their faces and fatten, because Pei Notes were attached to the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and they recorded the wild history of Pei Song's notes and also included them in the "zhengshi" theory, which was obviously a kind of porcelain touching psychology, intended to convince others.

The Xiangyang commentators took Pei's note to quote the "Spring and Autumn of the Han Dynasty" that "the Liang family is in Deng County in Nanyang, twenty miles west of Xiangyang City, and the number is longzhong", to deny Zhuge Liang's own testimony that "he cultivated in Nanyang". This Nanyang is the Nanyang of the 227th year of the Nanyang County, which is recognized by the division of the territory of the lower three-thirds of the country and the current status of its county division. Namyang-gun (南阳郡) of the Three Kingdoms is located in the area north of Shinno Prefecture in Yoshiyo County and east of Namgo-gun. During the Three Kingdoms period, Dengcheng County belonged to Xiangyang County, and Deng County belonged to Yiyang County, and the historical geography of the Three Kingdoms is clearly recorded.

Mr. Xi Chisel said that "Xiangyang has the former residence of Kong Ming", and this Xiangyang of course refers to the Three Kingdoms Xiangyang County, because the location of the "Liang family" and "old residence" is marked twenty miles west of xiangyang city in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, in the adjacent area of Nizui Town (now renamed Wolong Town) north of the Hanshui Guhe River. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, this adjacent area of Nizui belonged to the territory of Deng County, and during the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to The Jurisdiction of Dengcheng County, Xiangyang County, so Xi Chisel said that "Xiangyang has the former residence of Kong Ming".

However, if it is the "Former Residence of Xiangyang" and the "Liang Family of Xiangyang", why should it be able to become Zhuge Liang's own testimony of "ploughing in Nanyang" and "living in Caolu"? Obviously, Xiangyang's "old residence" and "Liang family" are not the same place as Zhuge Liang's Nanyang Caolu. And the Three Kingdoms of Nanyang County, Nanxiang County, Yiyang County and Xiangyang County are a juxtaposition existence.

Otherwise, since it is "Longzhong of Deng County, Nanyang", why should it be "Xiangyang Former Residence"? Mr. Xi Chisel himself can't say clearly, who can say it clearly?

Therefore, Pei Zhu "Deng Xian Longzhong" said that compared with Zhuge Liang's own testimony, it is pei note "beiwei" quotation, because it is different from Zhuge Liang's own certification of Nanyang.

Chen Shou's "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" records all the relevant nanyang discourses, and Zhuge Liang himself identified as Nanyang discourses, all of which are historical events centered on Nanyang County's Zhiwan County and Nanyang County's Wancheng City, and none of the "Nanyang" incidents point to the landmark of "Nanyang Deng County Longzhong" or the title of "Nanyang Deng County", why? Because Chen Shou and Zhuge Liang identified the identity of the Three Kingdoms under the current situation of the division of the territory of the Three Kingdoms and the division of counties and counties.

Reference: Zhuge Liang himself is the main testimony.

1. In 227 AD, Zhuge Liang himself identified himself as a cultivator of Nanyang under the status quo of "three points today".

2. In 231 AD, Zhuge Liang recognized Chen Zhen as the Township Party of Nanyang, and Li Yan also recognized the Nanyang Township Party.

The township party is from the "Three Kingdoms Chronicle Volume 39": In the ninth year of Jianxing, all protected Li Ping to sit and slander; Zhuge Liang, the chief shi Jiang Huan, and the attendant Dong Yunshu said: "Before filial piety came to Wu, I said that there were scales and armor in the belly of the square, and the township party thought it was unapproachable." I think that the scaled armor is not the ear of the offender, and does not try to repeat the things of Su and Zhang out of inconspicuous. Filial piety may be known. The meaning of this passage: In the ninth year of Jianxing (231), Li Ping was deposed as a commoner because of his false accusations against Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Liang's letter to Changshi Jiang Huan and Dong Yun, the attendant, said: "When Xiao Qi went to the State of Wu the year before, he told me that Li Ping had a lot of cunning in his belly, and his fellow villagers in Nanyang thought that he was unapproachable. I thought that someone with such a cunning heart would not provoke him, and I did not expect that he would be as pitted as Su Qin and Zhang Yi, which was unexpected. This should be known to Xiao Qi. ”

3. In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang's "Book of Sending Sons" said: Yu Zi Nanyang Longzhong structure caolu under Wollongong to cultivate crops.

4. In the seventeenth year of Jian'an (212 AD), when Zhuge Liang entered Shu from Yichang, he passed through the Huangniu Temple to repair and chisel a stone stele to record that "the servants cultivated in the acres of Nanyang, and then the Liu clan Gu Caolu ..."

5. Jintan Cautious Hall "Zhuge Clan Genealogy" Yun: Nanyang Ancestor Zhongwu Duke originated in Nanyang, and became a Ding clan... Jingyu Nanyang also returned to Hedong...

6. "Genealogy of the Zhuge Clan of the Whole Descent of Langya County" also yun: "Liang was born in Langya, moved to Nanyang, and was official in Western Shu." "It is also known that Zhuge Jun married the daughter of the Lin clan of Nanyang, and the following year he had a son...

7. Shandong Linyi's "Zhuge Liang Ancestral Monument" also said: "My Zhuge family is in Langya, moved to Nanyang.

8. In the Jin Dynasty (70 years after the death of Marquis Zhuge Wu), the Western Jin general Liu Hong was ordered by the Son of Heaven to "Yu Qi's Yang ... Climbing Mount Long to look out from afar, Shi Zhuge Zhi's hometown "went to worship the sage Kong Ming." The geographical coordinates of Zhuge's hometown recorded in his memorial text "Zhuge Former Residence" are a confirmation of Zhuge Liang's own belief that he "ploughed in Nanyang".

Wang Yin's "Book of Shu" contains this tribute text by General Liu Hong and Li Xing, and Wang Yin called Zhuge Liang's hometown Longzhong, which is geographically located in the Yanglongzhong of Yu, and is also the landmark of Wollongong in Nanyang Longzhong confirmed by Zhuge Liang.

9. In 228 AD, Zhuge Lianghou's "Table of Renunciation" also said: Cao was "trapped in Nanyang" - this Nanyang was the place where Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu, when Zhang Xiu was stationed in Wancheng - Embroidery and Liu Biao were strong, but embroidery was eaten by the rangers.

Historical background: Cao Cao's northern part faced the threat of Yuan Shao, Xuzhou faced yuan shu and Liu Bei's forces and invaded, and Cao Cao's Xu du rear was harassed by Zhang Xiu's troops in Nanyang, and they could not be stable. Cao Cao's three attacks on Zhang Xiu were too bad to break away, and he was unable to quickly conquer Wancheng Zhang Xiu, so he was "trapped in Nanyang".

Let's take a look at what Nanyang looks like in the eyes of Chen Shou, the author of the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms.

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Zhi, Zhuge Liang Biography" contains: Liang Gong Cultivated Longmu, so as "Liang Father Yin". (Liang) was disturbed by the end of the Han Dynasty, and followed his uncle to avoid chaos in Jingzhou, and cultivated in the wild, not seeking to reach.

Where is this Nanyang? Chen Shou told us:

1. "Zhang Xiu is in Nanyang" - Liu Biao made Zhang Xiu garrison Wancheng (Nanyang).

2. "Sun Jianbi to Nanyang" - Sun Jianbi to Wancheng, kill the county shou Zhangzhi.

3. "Gan Ning lives in Nanyang" - Gan Ning went to Liu Biao unsuccessfully and lived in Wancheng (Nanyang).

4. "Yuan Shu went out of Nanyang" - Yuan Shu evaded Dong Zhuo's harm, and after Sun Jian killed Shou Zhang of Nanyang County, Yuan Shu went out of Nanyang (Wancheng) and occupied Wancheng. ......

5. Chen Shou: Deng Ai, Yiyang Zhiyang; Wei Yan, Yiyang people - Chen Shou defined the Three Kingdoms Nanyang County north of Xinye County, Yiyang County, and the Three Kingdoms period Yiyang County north of Xiangyang County, between Nanyang County and Nanyang County. Confirm Nanyang.

6. Chen Shou: Ma Liang, Xiangyang Yicheng people; Liao Hua, Xiangyang Zhonglu people; Yang Yi, Xiangyang people; Pang Tong, Xiangyang people - Chen Shou confirmed the Three Kingdoms Xiangyang County, Xiangyang County across the Han River jurisdiction of the Han River north of the County, Dengcheng County, Shandu County. Confirm Nanyang.

7. "Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms and The Chronicle of Emperor Wu": "In the spring and February of the first year of the first month, it was the time when Shaotun Hanoi, Miao, Dai, Mao, And Yitun Sour Jujube, shutun Nanyang. ”

8. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Biography of Liu Biao": "Jiangnan Sect Thief Sheng, Yuan Shu Tun Luyang, all have the people of Nanyang." ”

The Later Han Dynasty Book of Liu Biao:"Shi, the Jiangnan Sect thief Dasheng, and Yuan Shu blocked the army of Tun Luyang. ”

9. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Liu Biao": "Yuan Shuzhi was in Nanyang, and joined forces with Sun Jian to attack and seize Biaozhou, so that Jian attacked The table. ”

Zizhi Tongjian Shao and Hanoi Taishou Wang Kuangtun Hanoi, Jizhou Mu Han Fu Liu Liu, to give his army food, Yuzhou Thorn Shi Kong Ling Tun Yingchuan, Yan Zhou Thorn Shi Liu Dai, Chen Liu Tai Shou Zhang Mi, Mi Di Guangling Tai Shou Chao, Dong Commandery Tai Shou Qiao Mao, Shanyang Tai Shou Yuan Yi, Jibei Xiang Bao Xin and Cao Cao Ju Tun Sour Jujube, and the later general Yuan Shu Tun Luyang, the names of tens of thousands.

From Jianqian to Nanyang, the crowd has reached tens of thousands. Nanyang Taishou Zhang Zhi refused to give the army food, and insisted on seducing and cutting it off; the county was shocked, and everything was sought and gained. Before going to Luyang, he joined forces with Yuan Shu. The result of the operation is based on Nanyang. ("Zizhi Tongjian" confirms Nanyang)

10. "The counties of Zhangling in Nanyang rebelled against embroidery".

11), Nanyang He Yong, the long history of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Nanyang Xu You | Nanyang people | 2 times | Yuan Shao strategist to cao

Nanyang He Yan (南阳何晏), Wei Shizhong (魏侍中), Official Shangshu (吏部尚書), Dianxuan (典选), and Feng Liehou (封列侯).

Nanyang Guitai .

Wen Ping Zi Zhongye, Nanyang Wanren also | Wei Hou general, Xinye Marquis.

Liu Shu (廙字恭嗣), also known as Nanyang Anren (南陽安人), also | Han County, belonged to Nanyang Commandery (南阳郡| Wei Shizhong and was given the title of Marquis of Guannei.

Han Ji Zi Gongzhi, Nanyang Duyang people also | present-day Henan Chengxian | Wei Yicheng Tinghou, Nanxiang Tinghou, Taizhong Dafu, Situ

Huang Zhongzi Hansheng, Nanyang people also. | a native of Nanyang (present-day Nanyang, Henan) | a general of the Shu Han Dynasty and the Marquis of Guannei.

Nanyang Song Zhongzi | Song Zheng, the character Zhongzi, or Song Zhong, has different names. | A native of Zhangling County, Nanyang (present-day South zaoyang, Hubei)

Chen Zhenzi Filial Piety, Nanyang Renye, Shu Shangshu, Shangshu Ling, Fengcheng Yangting Marquis.

Lü Qi character Jiyang, Nanyang ren also, Shu County Taishou, Shangshu, Shangshu Ling

Nanyang Duqi | Nanyang Commandery | Shu Overseer Army, officer to the general Jiang Wan Sima (蒋琬司馬).

Li Yan was square, nanyang people also | Nanyang people | Shu Shangshu ling, Zhongdu Protector, Hu Riding general Duxiang Hou

Wang Lianzi Wenyi, Nanyang people also . Shu Tun Riding Lieutenant and Minister Shi Pingyang Tinghou

Xu Cizi ren du, Nanyang people also | Nanyang people | Shu great long autumn

Zong Qianzi Deyan, Nanyang Anren also | the shu zhen army general, Yanzhou assassin Shi Guannei Marquis

Nanyang Huangzhu | Nanyang (南阳, in modern Nanyang, Henan) | Shu Han Guangluxun

(Zhang) Chu Ren was originally named, and the Nanyang people were also | Nanyang | Shu Guanghan Taishou

Lady Wu Sovereign, Nanyang people also

Xie Jing of Nanyang, Xie Jing, a native of Nanyang Wan| a native of Nanyang Wan (present-day Nanyang, Henan) | 3 times| Eastern Wu Yuzhang Taishou

Nanyang Zhangjin, Eastern Han Jiaozhou Pastor.

Xiangyang speakers opened their eyes and looked: Does Chen Shou's Nanyang have the titles of "Nanyang Deng County" and "Nanyang Xinye"?

If so, information is welcome!