The Zhonghua Bookstore pointed out that the 280 Husan Provincial Annotations in the Zizhi Tongjian volume 280 are missing 16 characters, and Gu Yanwu has already discovered this problem in the early Qing Dynasty, but the manuscripts passed down from generation to generation are blank here and cannot be completed. Recently, the Shanghai Library's first edition of the Yuan carved version of the Hu Annotation "Tongjian" was photocopied, and these 16 characters were hidden for 700 years in the Yuan Dynasty because of the taboo of words. By virtue of this new literature, not only can a large number of errors and omissions in the previous version be corrected, but also the reasons for the queuing of the Hu Annotation "General Commentary" and the source flow of the publication have room for further discussion, which can be described as a major discovery in historical documents in recent years.
Gu Tinglin's "Rizhilu" Volume 19 "The Hidden Hidden Of ancient texts":
Hu Shenzhi's note "Tongjian", to the two hundred and eighty volumes of Shi Jingyao's bribes to the Khitan in the sixteen states after the mountain, and Yun "since then, the Liao destroyed the Jin, the Jin broke the Song", and the next line of the Que text, said that the Mongols destroyed the Jin and took the Song, unified the world, and the secret is not written, which is waiting for the posterity to complete the completion. The Han people said that "the things that the Spring and Autumn Classics detract from the adults who are kings and subjects of the world and those who have authoritarian forces are all seen in the book", so there are many subtle words between ding and mourning, and it is better to change the surname and change things and make Chinese people. Mencius said: "I don't know what he can do with his people, but he is talking about his world." "If you don't know it, you don't know it."
Tinglin said that the text of Hu San Province's "Zizhi Tong JianYin Notes" was changed. Chen Yuan'an's "Tongjian Hu Zhu Table Wei Ben Dynasty Chapter" Zeyun:
Tinglin thought that the person who was queuing was a secret, and I thought that the person who was que was shoveled when he was skeletonized. Why? The whole book of the cover, the words are cautious, the loyal indignation is issued, can not be spoken, and only pain song, and no fear of yuan... The que text of this article, when the cover is opened, is occasionally checked and this, and it is considered to be an obstacle to go away, and it is not a body secret and not a book. The Wenjin Gekuben "Tongjian" is supplemented by the sixteen character cloud under the "Golden Broken Song": "The division between the north and the south, the successive disasters of the army, all hundreds of years, are determined by the Yuan." "If it is true, why should we be secretive?" And the full note is called "big yuan", no single "yuan", rather than making up for it, it is better to still shi que wen for healing. (Science Press, 1958, p. 16)
The Tongjian of Hu's annotations seen by Tinglin is the Yuanjian edition, or the Ming Wanli Wu MianXue engraving, or the Apocalypse Chen Renxi Commentary, which is unknown, and the yuan'an is based on the Qingjia Qingjian Hu Kejia overlying yuan ben (the base copy is the yuan engraving post-engraving). The Yuan Periodicals have survived today and have been made public to the Internet, including the old collection of lu shi and song lou in the Jingjiatang Bunko library in Japan (the third volume of the Yigu Tang Inscription), the old collection of the Qu's Tieqin Bronze Sword Building in the National Library of China (the "Catalogue of the Collection of books in the Tieqin Bronze Sword Building" volume 9), the inspection of two volumes of the 280th leaf, and the Hu annotations under the sentence "Now sure enough, this Providence is also" in the first year of the Jin Dynasty. There are Ming repair plates between the two yuan periodicals, and the leaf with missing words is still a yuan plate. The following Wu, Chen and Hu sanben are still vacant. In 1956, the Zhonghua Bookstore's "Zizhi Tongjian" was based on the Hu Kejia ben, and marked here as "the original missing sixteen characters" (page 9147). It can be seen from this that from the Yuan Periodicals, to the Ming Wu, Chen Ben, the Qing Hu Ben, and then to the late typography, the Sixteen Characters of Hu Shenzhi's Annotated Text have been in the haze for more than 700 years.
Nearly thirty years ago, Professor Yasushi Ozaki of Keio University in Japan investigated the Song and Yuan editions of books in the Shanghai Library and found a previously unsubscribed edition of the Zizhi Tongjian Yuan, which was written as a bibliographic summary, as one of the "Shanghai Library Collection of Song and Yuan Editions of the Interpretation of the Problems and History Department (II)", published in the thirty-second series of the "Si Dao Bunko Treatise" (1995). According to the thirty articles of the Hu San Province Inscription that are not found in his book, it is judged that this book is the first print of the Yuan Periodical, and the whole book is completed without revision, only the 81st and 26th leaves, and the 163th and 12th leaves and three leaves are copied. Solve the problem to identify the names of more than 180 engravers, and then compile the full text of the various inscriptions of Husan Province, and determine the date and month of the inscription. At this point, the world knows that the Shanghai Library has the only remaining Yuan carved first seal "Jian Notes" in the heavens and the earth, which is complete from beginning to end, which can be called rare.
Above, Zangyuan Ben Hu Notes "Zizhi Tongjian"
This book is stored in the public treasury, and for the next thirty years there were few people who saw it, and occasional scholars discussed it, and it did not reach the scope of Ozaki Yasushi's solution. Up to this spring, on the occasion of the 790th anniversary of the birth of Hu Shenzhi, the National Library Press has photocopied and published this copy, and it is urgent to ask for the 280th volume of the book, and the sixteen characters that have not been seen before are in sight:
Da Tatar and the destruction of gold, all through China, such as wade into no man's land.
According to The Tatar, the Gold Destroyer Mongol also, this Tatar refers to Mongolia; tatar means trampling. When shi jingyao's father was in the Khitan and abandoned Yanyun in the fifth generation, he was indignant and unable to help himself, so he connected the books and the liao, Jin, and Mongolia in the old land of the dynasty, and ran amok, and the fall of the homeland was painful, and the cruelty of the foreign tribes was disliked by the new dynasty, but the chapters and sentences were deleted, and the text was deeply lost, and this is easy to know. However, this sixteen characters must not be eradicated and purified, and it is suspected that it is called Mongolia by "Da tatar". According to Wang Jing'an's "Tatar Examination": "The Mongols are not Tatars, and the Han and Southerners call them by this name, which is not liked by the Mongols." Since we have seen the Yuan people secretly talking about tatars, it is not strange that they deleted the facts and changed their names. And the hypothesis of arbitrariness and chiseling stated above is inherently possible. (Guantang Jilin, vol. 14) The sixteen characters left here in the later printed "Jian Notes" are enough to add a strong evidence to the Wang hypothesis. There are also many "Tatars" or "Tatars" in the Commentary, all of which are ancient peoples, not used to refer to Mongolia, so they are left unbroken.
Jingjiatang Zangyuan Ben Hu Annotation "Zizhi Tongjian"
In the sixth leaf of volume 286, "Wu Yu Sister Pan Yu is the Envoy of henghai Jiedushi", The Hu annotation under the sentence quotes the "Kao Yi": "The Records of Zhou Taizu 'Nie' is 'Nie Nie'. Now from the "Trap of the Book", the back blank is more than a whole line, which is not the format of the engraving. Looking at the picture book above, there are fifty-one words below it, which is the language of the body, which is:
Most of the people in the north of Yuguan have their words and names, and the Chinese people follow their voices and write them with words, which are meaningless at first. Nie Jie is Nie Nie, the language has weight, and the words follow the ears. The tone is thin.
The so-called "people of the present-day north" refers to the Mongols, Khitans and other ethnic groups, while the self-proclaimed Chinese have something other than that. The number of words seems to be inadvertent, and yixia's defense is like it, and it is inevitable that it will be cut.
The fifty-one characters in the Zizhi Tongjian (Zizhi Tongjian) are deleted for violation
Volume 294, the seventeenth leaf, the sixth year of the Later Zhou Dynasty Emperor Xiande", the sentence "Guiding the water into Cai Shui", Hu Zhu quoted "□ Dynasty Will Want", the national map and the Jingjiatang two yuan version are missing a word, and the Hu carved version is the same. Chen Yuan'an's "Table Wei Ben Chao Chapter" Yun: "The word 'Chao' is on the que, Chen Ren Xi Ben is the same." Gai's quotation of the "National Dynasty Will", it is inconvenient to change the title of the book, so it is also quezhi" (p. 17). According to the picture above, it is made "The National Dynasty Will Want". And the Zhonghua Bookstore pointed out that the school book "Five Dynasties Will Want" (page 9595), based on the "Five Dynasties Meeting Essentials" written by Wang Jue of Yuanfengjian, was used to it, so he did not go out of the collation survey and directly added a "five" character, but it did not fit the original meaning, and did not think that if it was a "five" word, it was not taboo, so why should it be published?
The word "Guo" in the "National Dynasty Will", only the above picture of the Tibetan Yuan Ben Hu annotation "Zizhi Tongjian" is not quenched
The first missing text above, Tinglin doubted that he was "secret but not written", and The Temple thought that it was "shoveled away when the skeleton was broken". Now the picture above is out, it can be known that the original engraving, the text is in the first brush, and the later printing is shoveled. Tinglin did not get his affection, and the yuan'an had a unique eye, which was out of reach. At this point, it is also doubtful to recall that there are rhyming pronouns in Tinglin's poems, whether it is Tinglin's own doing, or whether it was changed when Pan Cigong carved the book. If you take the righteousness of Tinglin to Tinglin, this kind of dense code is probably created by Tinglin himself, and he laughs.
The above three places are all after the board is carved, when it is encountered, it is deliberately cut, and the text of the above picture still exists, and the cover is extremely early because of the brush printing, and there are deletions at that time. If the first year of the 204 wuze wu zetian yongchang in the first year of the sentence "The defeat of Xu Jingye, the brother Jing Zhen Liu Xiuzhou" under the sentence Hu note deletes about five crosses, and the above picture is also missing, such a fear will never be completed.
In addition to those who intend to delete, the national map and the jingjiatang yuanben should have text and the blank space is very large, please first cite a few examples below, and correct the above picture, and then speculate on the reason.
I. Volume 85 9, Jin Hui Emperor Da'an 2nd year "Baisha Governor Sun Hui" sentence, Hu note "Baisha in the southeast of Yecheng Dun", Guotu, Jingjiatang two yuan ben vacant large character eleven grid position. Hu Carved Ben deleted the word "Dun" and added the main text to "be close to the machine, and persuade the machine to let the governor yu pu." Machine" thirteen words. Zhonghua Bookstore points out the school book with Hu carved (2686 pages). And the above picture Ben Hu notes that there are still sixteen characters of "Qiu Jie, its land is adjacent to Hejin, opposite Puyang, and the governor is guarded", and the main text is thirteen characters. Hu Keben was unable to supplement the annotated text, so he arbitrarily deleted a "Dun" word to complete the meaning of the text. The name of the hu carving is the over-engraving yuanben, and there are many additions and deletions in fact, which is an example.
This sixteen-character only the above picture of the Tibetan Yuan Ben Hu annotation "Zizhi Tongjian" is not queued. The Hook family engraving was unable to make up the annotated text because it did not see this initial engraving, and it was possible to delete a "Dun" word to complete the meaning.
I. Volume 116 Seventeenth Leaf, Jin'an Emperor Yixi's seventh year sentence "Strike Hugh Guan Quan Xiaolang, Lü Pu Hu In Baishichuan" sentence, there are two lines of Hu Notes, Jingjiatang Yuanben remains seventeen characters, for the Ming Dynasty to make up for the ming Dynasty, the National Chart Yuanben is all vacant, Hu carved ben is the same as the National Atlas, and the Zhonghua Bookstore points out that the school version is marked "Originally Missing Forty-Six Characters" (page 3658). The picture above is intact, as "Hugh Guan, the name of the Yi tribe, lives in Longyou, and the Quan and Lü clans are the chiefs." Baishi County, former Han Jincheng County, later Han Longxi County. Xianyue Baishi Mountain was in the east of present-day Didao County, Lanzhou, and Hanbaishi County, Fenglin County, Liu Xunhe Prefecture. Blazing, Chang Zhi Flipped. Ephemeral, disciple" sixty-five words. In the seventeen characters of the Hu Note engraved in the Ming Dynasty of Jingjiatang, there are two words that are false, "part" is mistaken for "ear", and "disciple" is mistaken for "go".
This sixty-five-character copy is only the complete version of the "Zizhi Tongjian" in the above picture of the Tibetan Yuan Ben Hu Annotation
I. Volume 164, 27th Leaf, Southern Liang Xiaoyuan Emperor Chengsheng First Year "Feng Changcheng County Marquis" sentence, Hu Note "Du Youyue: Huzhou Changcheng County, Wu Wang Lu sent his brother Fu To build the city, narrow and long, Emperor Wu of Jin" under, Guotu, Jingjiatang two yuan ben vacant large character three grid position, Hu carved ben supplement "Taikang three years place", Zhonghua Bookstore point school ben with Hu Ben (5088 pages). According to the quotation of the Tongdian here, the Tongdian volume 182 ancient Yangzhou Wuxing County Great Wall County Tiaoyun: "Emperor Wu of Jin set up a county, because he thought it was named. "Why didn't Gu Qianli, who carved the "Jian Zhuan" for the Hooke family, call the school famous master, not check the text of the "General Code" and then add words to pay for it? This is an example of a falsely compensated text. According to the picture above, here is it: "Because of the name." It is now □□ County. Among them, the two words of the county name cannot be distinguished, but according to the Example of Hu Zhu, the so-called present-day county is the place name of the Song Dynasty, but the word "Changxing" can be added without a doubt.
The above figure of the Tibetan Yuan Ben Hu annotation "Zizhi Tongjian" can be added to the word "Changxing" according to the "General Code"
I. Volume 198, 21st leaf, Tang Taizong Zhenguan 20 years "all come to the dynasty" sentence, Hu note "Shu Le", Guotu, Jing Jia Tang two yuan ben vacant large character eleven grid position, Hu carved ben tong, Zhonghua Bookstore point school ben marked "original missing twenty-two characters" (6242 pages). According to the picture above, there are thirty-seven characters in the Hu Note here, which is: "The chieftain is known as Qian Lifa, and also known as Qianjin." Seven, seven. Ah, Ugger. Hail, and stand up. Ge Qianjin's name is only the word 'last', and it is suspected that there is a yishu. ”
The above picture can correct the National Atlas, the Jingjiatang Edition, and even the Hu Carved Edition and the Zhonghua Bookstore Point School Edition, and there are many deletions and word changes, which should not be taken lightly, only the above four articles are examples. However, if each article is not touched, why should it also be ignored? Observing the condition of the board surface, it can be found that there is a phenomenon of text squeezing where there is a vacancy, and the reason for the squeeze, the cover has been supplemented due to the content of the board after a moment, the method is to shovel the original text, and then embed a new wooden strip, reduce the glyph spacing when engraving, and change the engraving of multiple words in the position of one word. The new wooden strip embedded in it, when brushed and printed, encountered water rise and shrink, and it occasionally fell off over time, so it became blank. When I brushed it again the next day, I couldn't get the first printed copy for a while, I couldn't make up the text, and over time, no one knew what the blank space was. Now that the picture book on the picture is out of the world again, the regret of the lack of words must finally be made up.
From this, we can also discuss the issue of the engraving of the Yuanben "Jian Commentary". According to the predecessors, this book was published by the Yuanxing Cultural Bureau, but from the summary of the "Jian Zhuan" composed by siku Guanchen, to Wang Jing'an's "YuanJian Ben Zhi Tong Jian Yin Zhuan", and then to Chen Yuan'an's "Tong Jian Hu ZhuAn Table Wei" of the "Ben Dynasty Chapter" and "Proofreading Chapter", it has been distinguished; the "Outline" cites Huang Pu's "Testament of The Simplified Book" as saying that it was published in Linhai at the end of the book, and it is almost conclusive. Looking at the board surface of the "Jian Commentary" today, there are thousands of places where the annotations are crowded, and there are large sections of annotations added, which cannot be made up by those responsible for engraving the books. Occasionally, the main text is squeezed (e.g. the second leaf of volume 78) or the annotated text is mistakenly entered into the main text (such as the twenty-eighth leaf of volume 190), nor can it be interpreted by omission only by writing. The "Notes on the Book" is a large book of two hundred and ninety-four volumes, which cannot be completed by haste; before his death, he has paid the manuscript to the journal, opened the board one after another, and then found that there are errors or omissions, and then added and changed, at any time to show the engraving, change the board to squeeze in and add. The plate is engraved in the county town, less than a hundred miles away from ninghai's home, and the exchange of information between them is barrier-free. The whole book is full of things, and I am afraid that I am behind my body.
The picture above has more than ninety articles of school language that do not know who and how, all of which are written at the bottom of the board frame. Most of the school language is to correct the main text of the "General Commentary", and correct the fallacy of the notes. For example, volume 220 fourteenth leaf Tang Suzong to De Er Zai "Li Yi Lu Yi Yan Gao Qing Yuan Lu Qian Xu Yuan Zhang Patrol Zhang Jieran Jiang Qing Pang Jian and so on are all given to the official and his descendants of the family of the war to fu er Zai", Hu notes the sentence after "gifting the official", the school language cloud: "Add the word under the chase (word), the official word should belong to the (lower) sentence, the text means the square (tong). (The above figure has a cut at the foot of the leaf surface, and the text in parentheses was originally missing, and is now supplemented according to the meaning of the text.) The same applies below. The supplementary words of the school language are the same as the "Four Series" of the Song Dynasty, which shows that the schoolmaster has a rare copy of the "General Commentary". According to the sentence changed by the schoolmaster, it is read here as "all posthumous gifts, officials and their descendants", which is pleasant and rational and can be trusted. Zhonghua Bookstore points out that the schoolbook is out of school (7045 pages). Another example is the sentence in the second year of the tang dynasty Zong Guangde in the nineteenth leaf of volume 223, "Tang Dynasty pushes the able one who is able to transport water, pushing Yan as the first", and the school language cloud" is pushed as a □ character. The word "□ was cut off, but it can be prompted to check the original text of the Song Ben "General Commentary", and all the Song Ben are written as "title", when it is, the Yuan Ben involves the word "push" and is wrong. Here, the Zhonghua Ben adds Yun Yanyan's "Tongjian Supplement" to change the next "push" to "only" (p. 7164), and there is no basis for version, which cannot be followed. There are so many other school notes that can be used as references, and it is impossible to count them, so these two examples are given to summarize the rest.
There is a passage in the school's saying that provides a glimpse into the era of the school critics. Volume 263 The twelfth leaf of Tang Zhaozong Tianfu 2nd year "The weifu of The Dragon Spring (Zhongliu) arrived in the northeast corner of Yacheng by boat at night", Hu Zhuyun: "Longquan is longjing, on the southwest wind ridge of Hangzhou City, go to the city for fifteen miles." "Batch school cloud:" If the dragon spring is the dragon well, there is no boat to reach the (northeast) corner." Gaijin Yuhang County has the place name Longquan (Temple), which is where it is located. And (from the return) Nishiki Bridge off the boat, (path) into the present vegetable market Menye. "According to the Caishi Gate, which is the common name of the Eastern Qingmen Gate of the Southern Song Dynasty Lin'an City, the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the walls of the world, and this gate no longer exists, but its name still exists in the population. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng rebuilt the city according to Hangzhou, and the Dongqing Gate was expanded to the original three miles outside, commonly known as the Taiping Gate, and the Ming Dynasty changed it to Qingchun Gate. The critics called it "Jincai City Gate", which means that he is not a descendant of the Yuan Dynasty, and is familiar with the geography around Hangcheng, and he is also a Zhejiang person. If so, it will be gone for decades. In addition, judging from the proofreading and copying text, the two seem to be the hands of one person. Copying the format and text of the quasi-yuan board can also prove that the era of the approver cannot be too late, otherwise, it will be easy to see the one-yuan board again.
The above picture of the Tibetan Yuan Ben Hu annotation "Zizhi Tongjian" approved the proofreading
The above-mentioned "Jian Notes" (including the "Tongjian Interpretation of Texts and Errors") is nearly 10,000 leaves, the original engraving is extremely first printed, the characters are clear and refreshing, the books are also good, there are almost no beetle erosion and decay, and only five leaves are copied (Ozaki Yasumi's missing volumes 229 16th leaf, volume 259 13th leaf and two leaves), or it is not lost the day after tomorrow, but omitted when brushing and binding. Such a good book, for seven hundred years, has never been written in official and private bibliographies, and there is no inscription in the book, only the first leaf of the prologue and the last page of volume 273, there are the seals of The Qing Dao Xian Jian Jue Luo Chong'en. It is quite suspected that this book was already in the Inner Province during the Yuan Dynasty or the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, and that the Qing Dynasty was stored in the Cabinet Treasury and did not enter the Heavenly Lu Dynasty. Chong'en obtained this rare book by a close branch of the royal family, or by some kind of chance, and the seal was secretly hidden at home. As for when it will be returned to the above collection, it is not known for the time being.
Fang Jin's world is full of dangers, and Shenzhou is still called Qi'an, and the secret book of the "Jian Commentary" is not only the will of the thousand autumns, the light and light, that is, the similarities and differences of the text, although it has nothing to do with the great righteousness, it must also be swept away from doubts, rather than providence.
P.S. Chen Yuan'an's "Tongjian Hu Zhu Biaowei" contains a "Preface Inkblot of the Collection of Books of Emperor Gaozong of the Three Provinces of The Three Provinces of The Song Dynasty", which is written in the first letter of the "Longshu Former Official Hu San Province's Worship Hand Inspector's First Letter to Yuan Jue Qing Rong Zhai", which is the only copy of the true deeds of the body. The inkblot photograph of Yuan'an Yun was donated by the owner of Yuanbei Caotang (i.e., Qi Gong), from the "Furen Xuezhi" in 1945, one of the "Tables", to the 1958 Science Publishing House, and then to the 1962 Zhonghua Bookstore, the beginning of the volume has this inkblot, and in recent years, the Simplified Characters of the Commercial Press have been deleted. The preface to Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty was once inscribed in Qianlongjian Qufu Kong Jishu's "Yuhong Jian Zhen Ti", taking the text of the body, then the strokes contained in the "Table Micro" are fat and clumsy, completely different, and those who have doubts have been suspicious for a long time. According to the original volume of the Japanese Government Cultural Affairs Agency, in 1953 it was designated as a national treasure of Japan, and it is rarely exhibited, but in 1917, Bowentang was printed in a condensed volume in a Colo edition, known as the "Collected Writings of Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty", and the inscriptions of the families at the end of the volume can be seen. Looking at the inscription of the body, it can be seen that the thesis is very exquisitely carved, and I don't know where the photo of Qi Yuanbai came from. Nowadays, the best photocopy of the "Jian Zhu" yuan carved is published in the world, because the end of the newspaper is used to publish pictures of the Pai Wen, and he also loves to read the "Jian Zhuan" to admire the people who are happy to see it.
The author is an assistant researcher at the Institute of History, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences
Source: Wenhui Scholar
The "Yuhong Jian Zhen Ti" collected in the "Preface to the Collected Works of Emperor Gaozong of the Three Provinces of The Song Dynasty"
(Please look across the phone after locking the screen below)
In 1917, the Japanese Bowen Hall printed the "Collected Writings of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty" in a Colossal edition of Hu San Province, the original of which is now in the Department of Culture of the Japanese Government.