I. Historical Events - The Second Emperor was captured and humiliated and died
Emperor Huai of the Western Jin Dynasty (Luoyang), Emperor Huan (Chang'an), Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Emperor Qinzong of the Northern Song Dynasty.
The Second Emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty (Sima Yanzi, Sun) was captured in 311 and 316 and killed in 313 and 318, two years after the destruction of the city to Pingyang; The Second Emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty was captured and enslaved to the City of five kingdoms.
Internal causes of rise and fall: imperial and aristocratic struggle for power and profit - Sima Shi's "Rebellion of the Eight Kings" cannibalism (Sima Yan Prince's foolishness and chaos after Jia, dividing up the kings), corrupt social atmosphere of the ruling class - good talk, no talent, no thought of governing the country, the family wealth and wealth accumulation of private wealth (since Cao Wei, the central plains have long been peaceful and materially rich, and the trend of metaphysical talk has prevailed); Emperor Huizong of Song ruled the country without way appointing traitors to the corrupt government.
——Celebrity speech: Before his death, Yang Hu suggested that Wu be cut down and implement indoctrination after reunification; After summing up the lessons of the aristocratic struggle for power and bureaucratic corruption, Wang Dao persuaded Sima Rui to summon talents to contact the southern warrior clan to establish political power; Zu Ti rebelled against the people due to the internal strife between the royal clans and the death of the Jin Dynasty, and suggested that the Northern Expedition organize the people to recover their homeland.
Second, the chronicle of important people
(1) Foreign tyrants in a chaotic world
1. Xiongnu Liu Yuan father and son: During the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, they took advantage of the chaos and organized the people to establish a "Han" regime. His son Liu Cong and adopted son Liu Yao led troops to break through Luoyang and Chang'an.
In 304, Liu Yuan, on the pretext of resisting the attack of the northern king Junxianbei, broke away from Sima Ye and returned to his hometown to organize the people, and in 308, the emperor sent troops to attack Jin, and died of illness in 310. Liu Congzi Liu Cang's son Liu Cang was killed by his foreign relative Jin Zhun in a coup d'état in Pingyang City in 318, and Liu Yao built "Zhao" in Chang'an.
2. Shi Le of the Qi clan: In the spring of 311, Shi Le cavalry surrounded and annihilated the last main force of the Western Jin Dynasty at Ningping City, pushing down the wall and crushing the captured Western Jin princes and ministers.
Sima Yue, the king of the Eastern Sea, fled south from Luoyang to Xiangcheng and died of illness, and Wang Yan, the prince of Taiwei, sent an army to escort Sima Yue's coffin to bury the east Sea feudal state when he was intercepted and killed by Shi Le.
(2) The Southern Song Dynasty and the Two Factions
The two factions of Southern Song Dynasty officials were the main battle and peace-seeking, the main characters: adhering to the great national righteousness, organizing the people to subdue the Central Plains, and becoming the "bird of fright" and delimiting the border of the South of the Anjiang River. The main battle faction li gang and Zong Ze, and the main faction wang boyan, Huang Qianshan, and Qin Ju.
Hebei Anti-Jin Rebel Army - Armed Knotted Village: Eight Character Army - Face Thorn "Red Heart To Serve the Country, Swear to Kill the Golden Thief", Hedong Zelu Prefecture Red Turban Army - Head Tie Red Turban, Liangshan Po Zhang Rong Water Army, etc.
1. Zong Ze: More than 20 years of local officials in the Northern Song Dynasty - four county orders, two general judges, grass-roots government affairs talents "for one official, for the benefit of one party". In his later years, the Jin people invaded the south, and were sent to the Hebei anti-Jin front - Ren Cizhou Zhizhou to organize resistance, Zhao built the Grand Marshal's Office with Wang Boyan and Zong Ze as deputy marshals, in the spring of 1127 the Jin people returned to the north, in the autumn of that year Zhao Zhao fled south to Yangzhou, Zong Ze stayed in Kaifeng as the "Hebei rebel army" The morale of the people was cohesive, and died of illness in the summer of 1128. Many times, Zhao Zhao's return to the north to resist Jin was fruitless, and before he died, he shouted "cross the river".
2. Wang Boyan and Huang Qianshan: In early 1129, the Jin soldiers approached the Yangtze River, and king Kang "mud horse crossed the river" and fled south to Lin'an, and the two were impeached and deposed from their posts.
3. Yue Fei and Qin Juniper's Brief Commentary (Fate before death and posthumous reputation): Insisting on the national righteousness of being killed and seeking wealth and nobility, the reputation of "national hero" has been left behind for thousands of years and "adulterous faces".