Go to shoubo to see the legendary life of the queen's "good woman"

According to the known situation, the tomb with the most excavated copper and cymbals is 7, and the tomb of Nühao is the second most excavated tomb. Beijing Morning Post photojournalist Jiang Haobo/Photo

She was called a woman, and in the prosperous era of Yin Shang, she was the first female general recorded in Chinese history. The ancient city where she lived, later called Yin Ruins, was a "holy place" for Chinese archaeology. From today to June 26th, the "Queen Mother and Daughter General - Special Exhibition commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Archaeological Excavation of the Tomb of the Lady of Yin Ruins" was officially met with the audience at the Capital Museum, with 411 cultural relics telling the life of this great female mother in the midst of the vast waves of smoke and waves throughout the ages. At the same time as the exhibition of the tomb of the women, there is also an exhibition of archaeological achievements of the Marquis of Haixia, from the Shang to the Han, history has evolved forward.

How much love does the husband have?

Oracle bone record "whether it is a toothache"

Feng Hao, deputy director of the Planning and Research Department of the Capital Museum, said that a large part of the oracle bone inscriptions unearthed recorded the family life of women, and The Shang King Wuding had detailed records of women's physical condition, birth records and even whether they had toothache, and there were more than 240 oracle bone inscriptions that could be examined. Through this way of "showing affection", people can fully imagine that the woman was a happy wife before she died.

According to experts, the wife of the Shang King died young just after reaching the peak of her life, and it is likely that she died in her 30s. The cause of death is still an unsolved mystery, but it is likely to be the first killer of ancient women's deaths - dystocia. There are as many as 1928 burial items in the tomb of Nühao, and her beloved objects are basically all buried, and Wu Ding and Nühao's children have specially made various commemorative artifacts for her to bury together. This also reflects the family's longing for her, it can be said that the woman is a heroine for the country, and a good wife and mother for the family.

Feng Hao also particularly emphasized that the location of the tomb of The Lady Good is not in the remote tomb area, and it is close to a lakeside in the Yin Ruins Palace District, which shows that Wu Ding is very careful about the location of the tomb of his beloved wife, not only has a beautiful environment, but also is very close to his palace.

How much power is there?

One conscription amounted to 13,000 people

The power of women's good is mainly reflected in military power, and the political and military "strong women" are the most prominent achievements of women at that time.

It is understood that Nühao is the first female general in history, and more than 20 oracle bone inscriptions unearthed record the deeds of Nühao's participation in the military and the war. The task of The Woman is to help Wu Ding to conquer the "disobedient" countries, and participated in the conquest of at least 4 neighboring states.

Among the exhibits, the two large bronze cymbals belonging to the women's good weigh 8.5 kg and 9 kg respectively. The bronze hammer is not a real combat weapon, but a "scepter" that symbolizes the power of tribal chiefs. A total of four pieces of copper and cymbals have been unearthed from the tomb of Nühao, which is the second largest number of copper moles unearthed, indicating that the female general's military power is quite high.

More than 100 weapons have also been unearthed from the tomb of Nühao, most of which are very exquisite ceremonial weapons, indicating that the war was not fought by Nühao herself, and that Nühao still played the role of queen and commander of the mother's world. In an oracle bone inscription, there is also a record of the conscription of the woman, saying that she once recruited 13,000 people at a time, which is the highest record of seeing the recruitment of the Shang Dynasty. You can imagine how much power a woman has and how high the "charisma" of her "personality" is.

How high is the status?

Preside over the sacrifice in place of the husband

"The great affairs of the country are in the ceremony and the rong", and there are dozens of articles in the oracle bone inscription that record how the woman hao presided over major sacrifices on behalf of the Shang Dynasty. This is enough to show that whether it is a position of power or a position in the heart of King Wuding of the Shang Dynasty, it is an undisputed "No.1".

Feng Hao told reporters that the ancients believed that all things have animism and that God can dominate everything for mankind, so the importance of sacrifice is greater than that of the military. The fact that a woman can preside over the sacrifice in place of a man shows the status of a good woman and the trust that Wu Ding has in her.

Although Nü Hao is the queen of the mother's world and the female general of Wen Tao's martial strategy, the premise is a beautiful woman. A large part of the cultural relics show how women love beauty as a woman, and 865 pieces of jade have been unearthed from the tomb, indicating how much she loved jade before she died, and also showing that the wealth of women's good is definitely "on the list" at that time. Experts found that many jade artifacts excavated from the tomb of Nühao were 1000 to 2000 years earlier than the era in which Nühao itself was located, which also showed from the side that Nühao herself had a high taste for art and was accomplished in "collection".

Beijing Morning Post reporter Wang Ping