Sengoku Clay History: Tell the strange anecdotes and historical stories of Japan's Sengoku period!
Shinano! Shinano! Kawanakajima, you know?
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Japan's 100 Daimyo Castle No. 26: Matsushiro Castle</h1>
Matsushiro Castle
Matsushiro Castle
A Japanese castle located in Kaizu, Kunishikō-gun, Shinano (present-day Matsushiro, Matsushiro, Nagano County).
Because of its location, it was first called Haijin Castle or Bezin Castle. There is also a saying that it is Maojin Castle, because it used to be a place where thatch was flourishing. The castle structure is a contoured flat castle, which is now designated as a national historical site.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Matsushiro Castle during the Warring States period</h1>
The exact timing of matsushiro Castle's founding is disputed, and current information does not provide conclusive evidence.
Kenshin Sugi on KawanakaJima · Takeda Shingen's famous head-to-head
During the Sengoku period, Takeda Harunobu (Shingen) of the Kai Kingdom began to attack Shinano, capturing Suwa-gun and continuing to expand north. In the northern part of shinano, Yoshiaki Murakami and Ogasawara nagashi were defeated and fled to Echigo Province.
Daimyo who provided shelter to the Hokushino clan · In order to suppress the Takeda family's power in Shinano Province, Echigo Kuni Nagao Keisho (Uesugi Kenshin) sent troops south to the Nakajima area of Shinano Province, and repeatedly fought against the Takeda family's forces, historically known as the "Battle of Kawanakajima".
Takeda family's vassals · Kansuke Yamamoto
In order to stabilize shinano's position and threaten the borders of Echigo, Takeda Shingen built Kaizu Castle on the banks of the Chikuma River as a stronghold in the Kawanakajima area. According to the Koyo Chronicle, the Takeda clan took over the Bureau of the Kiyono clan of the Hokushin Domain, and the Takeda family's foot general Kansuke Yamamoto was responsible for the construction of Kaizu Castle.
However, it is recorded in the Shinano Chronicle that the construction of Kaizu Castle began in 1559 (Eiro 2) (Shinano Historical Materials, completed in 1560. The castle-building project was carried out by the yashiro clan, the Kasaka clan, and the four prefectures of Kawanakajima (Gengka-gun, Tsukiko-gun, Takai-gun, and Mizuuchi-gun).
Shingen Takeda Tomo · Masanobu Takasaka
Together with Tojo Castle and Nishiki Castle, Kaizu Castle is at the forefront of the confrontation against the Uesugi clan.
Among them, Kaizu Castle, as the main stronghold of the territorial rule of the four counties of Kawanaka Island, was very important. Kasuga Toranomi is believed to have the authority of the gun dynasty, and the existence of Kaizu Castle directly threatens Uesugi Kenshin's stronghold · Echigo Country.
In September of the 4th year of Nagarjuna (1561), Uesugi Kenshin invaded Kasakajima Island again, and Takeda Ikushin Kasuga (Takasaka Masanobu), who was the governor of Kaizu Castle, was garrisoning Kaizu Castle, waiting for reinforcements from a large army led by Takeda Shingen.
On September 10, in Hachimangahara, in the Kawanakajima area, Takeda Shingen's main force and Uesugi Kenshin's main force fought a decisive battle between the two armies, which is the "Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima" in history. [Note: Although there are many historical objections to the scale and course of this battle, we will temporarily describe it according to the content of the general theory]
21 years later —
Oda family members · Mori Nagako
In March of the 10th year of Tenshō (1582), after the Takeda family was destroyed by Oda Nobunaga's army, the new lord of the four prefectures of Kagawa Nakajima in the Shinano kingdom was the Oda family vassal · Mori Nagako, and Kaizu Castle was used as his residence.
Mori Nagamasa took control of their sons from the Takeda family's widows, and even took hostages from nearby villages to live in Kaizu Castle or Kaizu Castle Castle. It was not until June of the same year, after the Honnoji Rebellion, that Mori Naga could decide to abandon the retreat of Shinano and use the hostages of Kaizu Castle as a bargaining chip to successfully retreat to Mino Province, and Kaizu Castle became an empty castle unguarded. Later, Uesugi Kenshin invaded the Shinano Kingdom, which had long been a blank area.
After Uesugi Keisatsu was moved to Aizu in 1598 (Keicho 3), it became a private domain of Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Edo period · Modern Matsushiro Castle</h1>
In February 1600 (Keicho 5), Mori Tadamasa entered Kaizu Castle with a scale of 137,500 stones, at which time Kaizu Castle was renamed Tojo Castle.
In 1603 (Keicho 8), Mori Tadano was enthroned as the 186,500-stone 186,500-stone Misaku Domain (Tsuyama Domain), and Matsudaira Tadaoki subsequently claimed the new owner of the area with 140,000 stone domains. Soon after, Matsudaira Tadaoki was enfeoffed as the lord of Echigo Takata Domain, with a domain size of 750,000 stones. Hanai Yoshinari, as a castle dynasty, is committed to the preparation of the territory.
In 1616 (Gen and 2), Matsudaira Tadaoki changed it. In its place was Matsudaira Tadamasa, with a territory size of 120,000 stones, and in the era of Matsudaira Tadamasa as a lord, the name of the castle was changed from Tojo Castle to Matsujo Castle.
In 1619 (Gen and 5), Matsudaira Tadamasa transferred Echigo Takata to 259,000 stones. The new lord was replaced by Sakai Tadakatsu, with a territory size of 100,000 stones.
Sanada Yukimura's older brother · Sanada Shinyuki
In 1622 (Motowa 8), Sakai Tadaokatsu was enfeoffed with the 138,000-stone clan of Izuwa Kunisho Domain. The new lord, Sanada Nobuyuki, entered the castle with 130,000 stones. Since then, it has been the residence of the Sanada family until the Meiji Restoration. Matsushiro Castle was the political center of Matsushiro Domain, but merchants could not do business in front of Zenko-ji Temple, so there were no commercial towns under Matsushiro Castle.
In 1711 (the first year of Shotoku), the castle was renamed Matsushiro Castle by order of the shogunate.
In 1717 (2 years after the year of Heho), Honmaru, Ninomaru, and Sannomaru were all burned down due to fire, and a loan of 10,000 taels was borrowed from the shogunate and rebuilt in 1718 (3 years after Heino).
In 1742 (2nd year of Kōho), suffering from a flood, the lord of the castle took refuge in Kaizen-ji Temple in Matsushiro-minami by boat.
In 1752 (the 3rd year of the Hori calendar), government officials from the Matsushiro Domain were put in charge of repairing the Chikuma River, which flowed north of the castle, and the old river channel became Hyugari.
In 1770 (Akiwa 7), the Goten was transferred to Hananomaru.
In 1804 (the first year of culture), a new hori was built on the north side of Mizoyashiki.
In 1828 (the 11th year of Bunsei), Sakuma Kazugaku (the father of Sakuma Elephant Mountain) built a dam on the north side of the castle.
In 1847 (the 4th year of Honghua), an earthquake struck Zenko-ji Temple, and the walls, bridges, and bansho of Honomaru, Ninomaru, and Sannomaru collapsed.
In 1853 (Kanaga 6), a fire destroyed the Hananomaru Goden, which was later rebuilt.
In 1864 (the first year of the reign of Genji), a new goten hall (Sanada-den) was built outside the castle.
In 1872 (Meiji 5), Matsushiro Castle was abandoned, and the old site was bought by the clan and converted into a field.
In 1873 (Meiji 6), the Hananomaru Goten was destroyed again due to a fire, and many of them became homesteads. In the northwest, there is the Shōkai Kaku Ryōdai (天守台), which replaced the Castle Keep disappeared in the early modern period, and Matsushiro Castle Honmaru only built two bridges in four corners until the end of the shogunate.
1904 (Meiji 37), descendants of the Sanada family · Sanada Yukimasa bought the land allocated to the clan and opened the old site of Honmaru to the public as an amusement park.
1921 (Taisho 10), Matsushiro Mayor · Yazawa Rai-do held the "Matsushiro Kaifu 300-year Festival" and established the "Monument to the Ruins of Kaizu Castle" in Honmaru.
In 1925 (Taisho 14), a huge amount of 4,000 yuan (many at that time) was invested in the Haijin Castle Park to build fountains and fan stations, so that the cleaning staff were permanent and worked hard to maintain the management of the park. A public swimming pool and a sports field were built in Niinomaru.
In 1951 (Showa 26), Sanada Yukiharu donated the Honmaru to the government and became a public land.
In 1964 (Showa 39), part of the castle site centered on Honmaru was designated as a prefectural historical site.
In 1981 (Showa 56), part of the castle site centered on Honmaru and the new Goten hall were designated as national historical sites.
Matsushiro Castle Taiko gate (restoration)
Ishigaki on the west side of Matsushiro Castle (restoration)
Matsushiro Castle Hori (restoration)
In 2004 (Heisei 16), the Taiko Gate, moat, Ishigaki, and Earthen Fortress were restored.
On April 6, 2006, it was selected as one of the 100 most famous cities in Japan (No. 26).
North Gate
South Gate
Back Gate · Side unknown door
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Japan's top 100 cities and jump list</h1>
Japan's Top 100 Castles is a number of foundations formed by the Nihon Castles Association, and in 2006 designated 100 castles of great value.
【Hokkaido】Nemuro Peninsula Ruins Group · Goryokaku · Matsumae Castle
【Kohoku District】Hirosaki Castle · Nejo · Shangyuan Castle · Taki Castle · Sendai Castle · Kubota Castle · Yamagata Castle · Nihonmatsu Castle · Wakamatsu Castle · Shirakawa Komine Castle
【Kanto Area】Mito Castle · Ashikaga Clan Pavilion · Minowa Castle · Jinshan City Bowl Castle · Kawagoe Castle Sakura Castle · Edo Castle Hachioji Castle · Odawara Castle
【Koshinetsu】Mr. Takeda · Kofu Castle · Matsushiro Castle · Ueda Castle · Xiaocheng · Matsumoto Castle · Takayi Castle · Xinyoda Castle · Kasugayama Castle
【Hokuriku Area】Takaoka Castle · Nanao Castle Kanazawa Castle · Maruoka Castle One by one valley city
Iwamura Castle · Gifu Castle · Yamanaka Castle · Xiaofu Castle · Hijikawa Castle · Inuyama Castle · Nagoya Castle · Kozaki Castle · Shiro · Ita Ueno Castle · Matsuzaka Castle
【Kinki Area】Odani Castle · Hikone Castle · Azuchi Castle · Enonji Castle · Nijo Castle · Osaka Castle · Chihaya Castle · Takeda Castle · Sasayama Castle · Akashi Castle · Ying road Castle · Red Skull Castle · Takatori Castle · Wakayama Castle
【China District】Hattori Castle · Matsue Castle · Tsukiyama Tomida Castle · Tsuwano Castle · Tsuyama Castle · Makinaka Matsuyama Castle · Onino castle · Hiruzen Castle · Fukuyama Castle · Yoshida-Koriyama Castle · Yingcheng · Iwakuni Castle · Hagi Castle
【Shikoku Area】Tokushima Castle · Takamatsu Castle Maru Kame castle · Imabari Castle · Tang Zhucheng · Matsuyama Castle Ozu City · Uwajima Castle · Kochi Castle
【Kyushu Area】Fukuoka Castle · Ohno Castle · Nagoya Castle · Ruins of Yoshino-ri · Saga Castle · Hirado Castle Shimabara Castle · Kumamoto Castle Renji Castle · OitaFu Inner Castle · Okaseong · FeiCheng · Kagoshima Castle
【Okinawa Area】Nakijin Castle · Midtown City Shurijo Castle