Author: Shi Yuchun
It continues to say that the positions of those Jianwen Wenchen who were attached to Zhu Di rose and fell during the Yongle period and the eunuch sea rose and fell.
Wang Da - Assistant Teacher of Traditional Chinese Studies, Tao Li Man Men; Editor of The Attendant, Three Palms Wenheng; Southeast Five Talents, the only person who died well
Wang Da (1343 ~ 1407 AD), Zi Dashan, was a native of Wuxi (now part of Jiangsu).
Wang Dazu was a commoner. Starting from Wang Da, the Wang family had readers.
When Wang Da was young, although he was lonely and poor, he worked hard to learn. He was intelligent and knowledgeable, and he was proficient in his writings and words; he did not like flashy and vain learning, but only devoted himself to honesty; he served his parents and could do the way of the Son of Man, and his neighbors and neighbors all followed his example.
Wang Da studied the scriptures with Zhang Chuo, who was in the township at that time, and was very important to Zhang Chu.
Later, Zhang Chuguan paid homage to Zhu Yuanzhang' Hongwu Dynasty Ceremonial Department Shangshu. Wang Da went to the Beijing Division again, continued to study with him, and completed his studies in scripture.
At that time, the scholar Song Lian saw that Wang Da duan was simple and silent and Fengyi Zhuowei, and he was very impressed, thinking that Wang Da was a handsome talent for a while. Song Lian did not care about the difference in generations, but befriended Wang Da.
After completing his studies in Beijing, Wang Da returned to his hometown.
After returning to his hometown, Wang Da took the Ming Jing exam and passed.
As a result, Wuxi County ordered Wang Da to be trained in Wuxi County.
Here, we need to talk about the Ming Dynasty first.
The Ming Classic, the ancient electoral system, means to be proficient in scripture. First seen in the Han Dynasty, since emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (Liu Che) revered Confucianism, the Ming Classics were quite popular, but impermanent. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Ming Classics were gradually less valued by the government and the opposition. When the Sui Emperor (Yang Guang) was in power, he was placed in parallel with Jin Shike. In the Tang Dynasty, it was one of the six disciplines such as Jinshi and Xiucai, and was divided into five classics, three classics, two classics, academic studies, one classic, three rituals, and three transmissions. Song Renzong (Zhao Zhen) Jiayou Three Years (1058 AD) was also set up, divided into three rites, three transmissions and other subjects; with the "Book of Rites" and "Zuo Zhuan" as the Great Classic, the Mao Poems, "Zhou Li" and "Ritual Rites" as the Middle Classic, and the "Zhou Yi", "Shangshu", "Gu Liang Chuan" and "Ram Biography" as the Small Classics; each examination of Mo Yi and Dayi, paste the Small Classic, and test the Time Affairs Strategy; the Temple Examination of Dayi, paste the Great Classic, the Middle Classic, and the Small Classic; the origin is the same as that of the Jinshi Branch. Emperor Shenzong of Song (赵顼) was deposed in the fourth year (1071 AD). Zhu Yuanzhang was reinstated in the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382 AD), at that time, 500 people who won the middle were appointed as Langzhong, Donggong Shushu, Yushi, Suffragette, Tongjue, And Wangfu Yingli Sheren, and also those who were appointed to the imperial history of Youdu. Later, although the Ming Jing was no longer popular, the term "Ming Jing" gradually became the common name of the Ming and Qing school tribute students.
Let's talk about discipline.
In the second year of Hongwu (1369 AD), each province, prefecture, and county school was set up, with four prefectural scholars, three prefectural scholars, and two prefectural scholars; respectively, they were the deputy posts of prefectural professors, prefectural xuexuezheng, and county academic teachings, and assisted Confucian instructors at all levels to teach subordinate students; later, Weixue also set up two people each to teach the children of wuchen; the rank of character was not in the stream, but it was above the miscellaneous posts.
Wang Da's teachings are county-level disciplines, and their full name should be "county Confucian disciplines".
When Wang Da was in office, he was well-trained and enlightened by the students, and created many talents.
Later, Wang Da was removed from the datong school teachings. The "Ming Poetry Synthesis" records that Wang Da was once a "Datong Instructor".
Later, Wang Da entered the dynasty as an official and served as an assistant teacher of the Guozi Supervisor.
Zhu Yunluan built the Wen Dynasty, and Wang Da's position was to be the assistant teacher of the GuoziJian.
Guozijian is an assistant teacher and an official of Guozijian, in charge of the teaching affairs of the six churches of willfulness, monasticism, sincerity, justice, chongzhi, and Guangye, and is responsible for teaching Confucian classics. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382 AD), Guozixue was changed to Guozijian, and sixteen assistant teaching posts were set up, with rank from eight pins; Hongwu twenty-four years (1391) was fixed, with fifteen posts. In the first year of Zhu Di Yongle (1403 AD), the Beijing Guozijian set up two members, which were later added unusually; in the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420 AD), the capital was moved to Beijing, so there was a difference between the assistant teachers of the Southern and Northern Guozijian, and the Southern Supervisor set up six members. In the thirty-seventh year (1538 AD) of Emperor Ming Shizong(Zhu Houxi) Jiajing, two members were dismissed; fifteen members of the Northern Prison, and then two members were removed. In the ninth year of the Wanli Calendar (1581 AD), Emperor Mingshenzong (Zhu Yijun) dismissed four more members. The Zhongdu (Fengyang) Guozijian was also set up and deposed by Hongwu in the 26th year (1393 AD).
When Wang Da was serving as the Overseer of the State Son, there were many sentient beings at his door, and he asked for benefits day and night. Wang Da seduced and enlightened, talked and discussed, and made unremitting efforts all day long. Because of this, the people who became virtuous materials on that day were mostly from Wang Da's disciples.
Zhu Yunjiao slashed the domain, and Zhu Di raised an army against the imperial court.
The Yan army attacked Nanjing, and Wang Da was one of the Jianwen wenchen who had annexed Zhu Di.
After Zhu Di ascended the throne,
Listening to Yao Guangxiao's words, Wang Da was promoted to editor of the Hanlin Academy.
At the same time, Wang Da served the crown prince (i.e., Emperor Akihito Zhu Gaozi) at the Eastern Palace.
On the same day, Wang Da participated in the compilation of the "Records of Taizu (Zhu Yuanzhang)".
In the autumn of the first year of Yongle (1403 AD, 癸未), in the eighth month of the lunar calendar, the imperial court ordered Hu Guang and Wang Da to serve as the examiner of Ying Tian.
In the second year of Yongle (1404 AD), in the third month of the lunar calendar, Wang Da, the editor of the Hanlin Academy, was promoted to the rank of a bachelor.
After the examination of the temple in this year (Jiashenke), the imperial court ordered the Ministry of Works to build a monument to the jinshi inscription in Guozijian, and ordered Wang Da, a scholar to write a monument.
In november of the lunar calendar of this year, Xie Jin, a scholar of Hanlin and a scholar of Right Chunfang University, presented the rhyme book he had compiled, and Zhu Di gave him the title of "Literature Dacheng", and gave Xie Jin and other 147 people money ranging from money, and also gave a banquet to the Ministry of Ceremonies. Soon, Zhu Di read the book he had entered, found that it was not complete, and ordered it to be rebuilt. He ordered the crown prince Shaobao Yao Guangxiao, the punishment attendant Liu Jizhen, and Xie Jin to lead the affairs. Wang Da, a bachelor of aide-de-camps, is one of the presidents. This book was completed and given the name "Yongle Canon".
In the third year of Yongle (1405 AD), Yi You took the Tianxiang Examination, and Wang Da served as an examiner as a bachelor's attendant.
In the fourth year of Yongle (1406 AD), Wang Da presided over the examination as a bachelor of abode.
Wang Da took charge of Wenheng for three consecutive times in the first year, three years, and four years of Yongle, which was also a rare anomaly before and after.
Wang Da often suffers from qi diseases, and when he encounters cold and heat, he will get sick.
When Wang Da was ill and in a critical condition, Zhu Di also ordered a medical officer to go to the clinic.
On the thirteenth day of the sixth lunar month in the fifth year of Yongle (1407 AD), Wang Da, a scholar of the Hanlin Academy, died at the age of sixty-five. The imperial court ordered the relevant yamen to escort Wang Da's coffin back to his hometown.
Wang Da was very famous, and once worked with Xie Jin, Wang Hong, Wang Wei, and Wang Pu to be known as the "Five Talents of the Southeast".
Since the "five talents of the southeast" are mentioned, let's briefly talk about the relevant matters.
Jiangxi Jishuiren, Youchunfang University scholar Xie Jin, excellent talent, he wrote articles, never typed drafts, in an instant, wrote thousands of words, never under the words, for a while, only to become famous.
On that day, there was Wang Hong (Zi Xifan) in Hangzhou, Wang Pu (Zi Ruyu) in Wudi, Wang Wei (Zi Mengyang) in Min, and Wang Da (Zi Dashan) in Changzhou, all of whom were Hanlin officials.
These four are all a temporary show, and their poems and lyrics are smooth and gorgeous.
Wang Wei once said to Wang Hong:
"The great name of the Xie Scholar, the sound of the sea, the four of us, is enough to support the southeast half of the column."
Those who are very knowledgeable believe that what Wang Wei said is indeed a burning understanding.
Later, Wang Hong presided over the examination of the Ministry of Rites as a waiter.
On the same day, Hu Guang served as the president of the history of the country, and Wang Hong once said:
Hu Guang wrote in the book that the imperial court recruited the virgin Hu Qi (that is, Hu Ziqi, Hu Guang's father), and the heavens had the appearance of five stars and a gathering of Kui. If this so-called auspicious omen is used to reflect Hu Qi's entry into the army, then, as Hu Qi's son, Hu Guang's writing of history books like this cannot be avoided with the suspicion of selfish beautification. Moreover, the Book of Han says that the five stars once gathered after Dongjing, which has been dialectically false by Gao Yun. Our country is blessed with holy deeds and prosperity, and there is no need to rely on these astrological theories to embellish them. ”
Because of this, Wang Hong is considered to be:
Quite touching.
Later, Wang Hong was demoted to the position of chief guest of the ceremonial department.
However, Wang Hong's opinion on the history books was still accepted, and the history books were also revised accordingly.
Wang Hong was later implicated by Xie Jin and died in prison.
Xie Jin was also buried in the snow by Jinyiwei and froze to death.
On that day, there may be a fate of composition. Wang Pu created the Divine Turtle Endowment, and Zhu Diqin was designated as the first. At that time, Zhu Di also summoned Xie Jin and said to him:
"Wang Pu's endowment ranks first, but your endowment ranks second, what is the reason for this?"
Xie Jin replied yes:
"Wang Pu's words are very exquisite, and Wei Chen really can't surpass them."
Zhu Di was overjoyed.
At that time, the imperial court was in peace and security, so it issued an edict to the Marquis of Xincheng (Zhang Fu) and the Six Ministries, and the congratulatory table was written by Wang Pu.
After reading the congratulatory watch, Zhu Di was even happier.
At this time, Huang Huai was accompanying Zhu Di.
Zhu Di said:
"Wang Pu is indeed a handsome talent, and looking at the congratulatory watch he has written, he really won't get tired of it."
Huang Huai prostrated his head and said:
"Wang Pu took this self-conceit, and after retiring from the dynasty, he often said something that should not be said."
After hearing the conversation between Huang Huai and Zhu Di,
Even Wang Wei felt a little uneasy. After Nan returned, he was convicted of the crime, and Wang Wei and Wang Pu were successively sent to prison, and finally died in prison.
The "Five Talents of the Southeast" only Wang Daguan went to Hanlin to study for a bachelor's degree, and his whole body died.
Wang Da has a temperamental temperament, is humble and prudent, can write articles, and is famous for his poetry.
Zhu Di had privately asked Wang Da about Emperor Jianwen's mistake.
Wang Da replied that it was:
"It can be good with it, but the counselor is not human, so it is a wrong ear!"
The last thing to say is that after a brief thought, it may be possible to think like this:
The reason why Wang Da was able to achieve a good death was because of his temperament and humility; second, it was probably because he died earlier, and when Xie Jin and others were purged by Zhu Di, Wang Da had already passed away.
Wang Da wrote the "Naixuan Collection" and "Tianyou Manuscript"; there are also "Poetry Book Heart Method", "Selected Notes on the I Ching", "Guilin Essentials", etc., and many of them are not transmitted.
At the end of the article, two poems by Wang Da are excerpted as a conclusion.
Titled Landscape
Ming Wangda
A song of gin and a piece of wine,
Yan Luo won Ren Qi late.
After the disappearance of Qianfeng Daisei Lan,
When the ten-mile diamond flower seeds are knotted.
The water and gas enter the building unconsciously,
Autumn sound to the tree crane prophet.
There is no thank you for who speaks the same language,
The painting is empty into a million ancient thoughts.
《Title Fan》
Leaf dark before the rain,
Flowers flew last night in the wind.
The empty mountain people are gone,
Spring is in the shade of greenery.
For Wang Da, scattered in historical materials, see "History of Ming", "Records of the Sacrifice of the State Dynasty", "Records of the Ming Dynasty", "Records of the Records of Emperor Taizong of the Ming Dynasty", "Genealogy of Ten Thousand Surnames", "Examination of Science", "Records of the Poetry of the Imperial Pavilion", "Ming Huijiao", "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books", "Compilation of Ming Lun", "Comprehensive Collection of Ming Poems", "Suspense Trivia", "Compilation of Wan Liye", "Collection of Yishan Tang" and so on.
(End of this article)