He started from a serious partial student, kicked the main striker of the national football team, Wen Neng was able to be a talented man to hold a beautiful return, Wu Neng studied missiles to shock the United States and the Soviet Union, did not draw from the rich, did not depend on the poor, looking at Qian Wei's magnificent and ups and downs of life, you understand what will be the real circle and brilliant, what is a proper winner in life, what is the invincible "old naughty boy" who always has a childlike heart?
Qian Weichang, born on October 9, 1912 in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, is also a long-time applied mathematics, mechanics, physics, Chinese informatics, and has made important achievements in the fields of elastic mechanics, variational principle, perturbation methods, etc. He is known as a universal scientist, enjoying the reputation of "the father of mechanics" and "the father of applied mathematics".
Don't look at Qian Weichang as a generation of masters, in the early study experience, he is a disgusting scum, not only the head is "stupid", but also seriously biased, so that primary and junior high schools can only be barely completed in intermittent, poor grades so that school teachers are scornful of him, do not hold out any hope.
After entering high school, Qian Weichang still couldn't keep up with the pace of learning because his roots were too thin, and he was disheartened and doubted whether he was a seedling reading in the end. At this time, he met the first Bole in his life, an ordinary but extremely responsible class teacher - Mr. Yan. This class teacher had a discerning eye and believed that Qian Weichang was a material that could be built, and often "opened a small stove" for him, and accompanied him to pick up the lamp to read at night after the lights went out in the self-study room.
It is this experience of reading at night that has cultivated Qian Weichang's qualities of hard-working, courage to take responsibility, and tenacity and fortitude.
Uncle Qian Mu
However, in 1928, Qian Weichang encountered a huge crisis in his life, and in this year, his kind and kind father Qian Zhi died young. To this end, he had to consider whether he could continue to read the book, at this time his uncle Qian Mu took the initiative to take over the baton of taking care of his nephew, worked tirelessly, regarded him as his own, and finally raised him to be a man.
Many years later, after Qian Mu's death in Taipei, the Taiwan authorities banned Qian Weichang from entering the country, and Qian Weichang had no choice but to send a long pair of ties to express his nostalgia and gratitude for his uncle: "The parents who gave birth to me, the young uncle Xian, the old things from the beginning, the deep gratitude is exhausted; Yu Gong is a teacher, at home is a respected chief, and now the dynasty is in the past, and it is sad to remember the legacy." ”
It can be seen from this that the uncle and nephew have deep affection, which is comparable to a loving father.
Fast forward to 1930, under the cultivation of his mentor and uncle, Qian Weichang finally graduated from Suzhou Middle School successfully, and in the college entrance examination that year, he was also admitted to five famous universities of Tsinghua University, Jiaotong University, Zhejiang University, Wuhan University and Central University. The future seems to be bright, but until this moment, Qian Weichang is still not on the track of becoming a famous scientist.
In 1931, Qian Weichang finally chose to study at Tsinghua University, but at this time he was still a serious "partial student", and the study of mathematics and physics could be described as a mess, physics only scored 5 points, mathematics and chemistry scored a total of 20 points, and English was because he had not learned to swallow duck eggs.
Fortunately, Qian Weichang excelled in Chinese and history, entering the History Department of Tsinghua University with two 100 points and winning the "Qinghan Scholarship" established by Wu Yunchu.
During the period of studying at Tsinghua University, with his own elegant talent and writing, Qian Weichang harvested his love, and his girlfriend was Kong Xiangying, a talented woman of the Chinese Department, and the two knew each other because they actively participated in the "129" movement to resist Japan and save the dead, and became a couple.
In 1939, Qian Weichang arrived at the Southwest United University in Kunming to join Kong Xiangying and married on August 1 of the same year. The main marriage of the wedding was Qian Weichang's mentor Wu Youxun, and in the following 61 years, Qian Weichang and his wife had a son and two daughters together, until they grew old and became a rare diamond marriage in the world.
During his time at Tsinghua University, he became the main left striker of the university football team, comparable to the "golden right foot" in Stephen Chow's "Shaolin Football", and was selected for the Chinese national football team in 1937, becoming a real "international footballer", and also participated in the Far East Games held in the Philippines with the team.
On September 18, 1931, the September 18 Incident that shocked China and foreign countries occurred, the motherland was poor and weak, and was repeatedly insulted. ”
In this way, on the third day of enrollment, Qian Weichang abandoned Wen Congli, and his classmate Gu Hanzhang measured the atmospheric electrical parameters in Beijing, and in 1935, after graduating from the undergraduate, he was admitted to the Institute of Tsinghua University, won the Gao Mengdan Scholarship, did spectral analysis with his mentor Wu Youxun, and studied solution theory under the guidance of Huang Ziqing.
From this time on, until he studied abroad, Qian Weichang was immersed in the ocean of physics, wandering freely and achieving a lot.
In order to continuously improve his own level of knowledge and make up for the huge gap with foreign advanced science and technology, Qian Weichang was admitted to the publicly-funded international student of the Sino-British Geng funding association in January 1940, determined to master Yi's long skills to control Yi, due to the sudden outbreak of World War II, he was reassigned to Canada, focusing on elastic mechanics, following his mentor Xin Ji to study the theory of plate and shell, and started a life of opening and flying.
During this period of study, he spent 50 days to complete the paper "The Theory of the Inner Nature of elastic plate shell", which was published in the 60-year-old birthday collection of von Carmen, the father of the world's missiles. The paper was so valuable that even Einstein read it and said, "This Young Chinese man has solved the problem that has plagued me for many years." ”
After that, with his superb theoretical ideas and science and technology, he served as the chief research engineer of the Institute of Jet Propulsion of the California Institute of Technology, the United States, under the guidance of von Carmen, the father of the world's missiles, engaged in postdoctoral scientific research, focusing on rocket ballistics, aerodynamic design of rockets, meteorological rockets, artificial satellite orbits, air resistance loss, parachute movement, stability of rocket flight, torsion of torsion rate, supersonic symmetrical cone and other issues, and published the world's first theory on strange perturbations. Internationally recognized as the founder of this field.
During this period, there was also such an interesting thing that Qian Weichang used a public "fake" method to avoid the fate of London from missile bombing, and even British Prime Minister Churchill was amazed by this.
Here's the thing.
During World War II, when London was under threat from German V1 and V2 missiles, Churchill asked the United States for assistance. The matter was transferred to the Jet Propulsion Institute, chaired by the famous scientist von Carmen.
Qian Weichang is engaged in the design and trial production of rockets and missiles in the research institute, and after carefully studying the range and firing point of German missiles, he found that German rockets are mostly sent from the west coast of Europe, and the landing point is in the east end of London, England, which shows that the maximum range of German missiles is only like this.
According to this, Qian Weichang proposed that as long as the illusion of being hit many times was created on the ground in the center of London, so as to blind the German army and make it still organize the attack according to the original range, the city of London could avoid missile damage.
A few years later, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, speaking of the incident in his memoirs, praised: "This Young American is really great. But what he didn't know was that this young man was Qian Weichang, an authentic Chinese.
In this way, the time soon came to 1946, Qian Weichang, in line with the original intention and mission of "saving the country through science," resolutely and resolutely gave up the preferential treatment of the United States and returned to the motherland to engage in rocket and missile research, that is, during this time, he ushered in his own scientific research, information, education, and social activities.
From 1946 to 1957, he focused on the study of large deflection perturbation solutions and singular perturbation solutions for round thin plates, lubrication theory, calendering processing, continuous beams, torsional problems, architectural history, flat shell jumps and square plate large deflections, and proposed the internationally recognized "Qian Weichang Equation".
Qian Weichang not only made outstanding contributions to physics, but also made remarkable achievements in Chinese informatics, taking the lead in proposing the macroscopic glyph encoding of Chinese characters, referred to as "money code".
How good is the "money code"? In 1986, at the first national Chinese character input scheme evaluation conference organized by the State Bureau of Standards, a total of 34 schemes were shortlisted, and the "money code" Chinese character input method was rated as a class A scheme, and won the silver medal at the 1987 National Science Conference.
At the same time, he was also a great educational reformer, who single-handedly promoted the merger of Shanghai University of Technology and Shanghai University of Science and Technology, and achieved the famous University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, and also put forward a complete, rich, systematic and scientific theory of Chinese higher education.
The credit system, course selection system, and short semester system that are popular in our universities now are all outstanding contributions of Mr. Lao, and he also put forward the concept of "demolishing four walls" and participated in the formulation of China's "Twelve-Year Science and Technology Plan" as one of the main authors, making far-reaching contributions to the development of China's education cause.
At this point, Qian Weichang was known as a "universal scientist" because of his extensive research field and fruitful achievements, and Qian Xuesen also said in his evaluation of him: "His scientific division of labor is very careful, and he does all the work. ”
However, Qian Weichang did not agree with the "universal scientist", he only said lightly: "I have no profession, and the needs of the motherland are my profession." ”
However, Qian Weichang's life was not always smooth, and in 1957, he was classified as a rightist in the anti-rightist group for reasons such as proposing to merge science and engineering schools and attending meetings of the Democratic League.
On January 15, 1958, Qian Weichang was officially declared a "rightist" at Tsinghua University and designated as a far-rightist (this is the most serious rank), except for retaining the position of professor, all other positions were revoked and criticized.
Later, because of Mao Zedong's sentence that "Qian Weichang can still be a professor", he was saved from the doom of labor reform in the Northern Wilderness, but he was demoted from a first-level professor to a third-level professor. After being classified as a rightist, Qian Weichang was reformed by forced labor, working as a laboratory assistant first, sweeping the floor for a year, and his children were banned from going to college. He was later sent to the countryside, but he continued to conduct scientific research.
Fortunately, Qian Weichang has always been optimistic, childlike, and does not forget to play his light and heat in ordinary and even low-level posts, from 1968 to 1971, he served as a furnace foreman in the steelmaking workshop during the "labor reform" of the special steel mill in the capital, helping the factory design and manufacture of 800 tons of hydraulic presses and 2000 square meters of heat treatment workshop and its equipment.
It was not until 1979, when the central authorities revoked the decision to classify Qian Weichang as a rightist, that Qian Weichang finally settled his grievances and resumed normal work.
In his later years, Qian Weichang had an optimistic attitude and active exercise, and in his ancient years, he used long-distance running as a form of exercise to strengthen his body, and after the age of ninety, he still insisted on walking three thousand steps a day, with a strong spirit and a childlike face.
When he learned from Wang Daohan that he was the life president of Shanghai University, Qian Weichang was high-spirited and bright, did not seek fame, and in order to reduce the burden on the country, he insisted on not taking a salary at Shanghai University and did not buy his own house.
For most of the time, Mr. Qian lived at the LehuLou Guest House at Shanghai University. When he is fine, the secretary will push him out to bask in the sun, see the students, he will be very happy, in the face of the request for a group photo, he will smile and cooperate, there is no shelf at all.
In the last two years of his life, Qian Weichang spent almost all of them in the hospital ward, when he was conscious, he would play Go alone in the ward, playing with his left hand and right hand, just like the "old naughty boy" Zhou Botong taught to Xiaolongnü in Jin Yong's "Divine Eagle Hero" the left-right fighting technique, and occasionally, he would also childishly amuse with those medical staff who accompanied him, giving them nicknames one by one, and the old man was really cute.
On the morning of July 30, 2010, Qian Weichang, who was more brilliant and more intelligent and interesting, gracefully and calmly walked through the 98 years of spring and autumn that belonged to him.
Qian Weichang, together with Qian Xuesen and Qian Sanqiang, was affectionately called the "Three Qians" in the scientific circles by Zhou Enlai, and as early as June 28, 1992, the "Father of The Chinese Atomic Bomb" Qian Sanqiang had already passed away, and on October 31, 2009, Qian Xuesen, the "Father of China's Aerospace" and "Father of Chinese Missiles," traveled west, accompanied by the feathering of Qian Weichang, the "Father of Mechanics" and "Father of Applied Mathematics," and an era of "Three Dollars" full of passion, blood, heart, and legend finally came to an end and condensed into eternity.