"Xinhuanet Exclusive Connection" from 10.56% to 15%! How to improve the scientific quality of teenagers?

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Beijing, July 6 (Xinhuanet) -- In 2020, the proportion of Chinese citizens with scientific quality will be 10.56%, and the level of scientific quality will be greatly improved, but the overall level will still be low. The "Outline of action plan for the scientific quality of the whole people (2021-2035)" issued by the State Council recently proposed that the proportion of Chinese citizens with scientific quality will exceed 15% in 2025. The outline points out that it stimulates the curiosity and imagination of young people, enhances scientific interest, innovation awareness and innovation ability, and cultivates a large number of young people with the potential of scientists.

0-12 years old is a period of natural sensitivity

It is understood that since the implementation of the outline of the science and technology plan in 2006, the scientific quality action of the whole people has achieved remarkable results, the level of citizen science quality has been greatly improved, and the proportion of scientific quality in 2020 will reach 10.56%, creating a good social atmosphere for innovative development. But there are still problems and deficiencies. Taking teenagers as an example, some experts said that China's current education often pays too much attention to test-taking skills, cultivates a group of "problem makers", and ignores the cultivation of scientific spirit and innovative ability.

In this regard, Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, believes that before the age of 12 is a sensitive period and a critical period for adolescents to get close to nature and feel nature, in the compulsory education stage, it is recommended that 60% of the time be used for learning, 40% of the time should be used to feel nature, so that children can choose their favorite activities.

"Before the age of 12, let the child go to nature, he will feel very happy. If he were to pass this age and let him go into nature, he would feel very painful, because the basis of his basic scientific qualities of perception was gone. ”

It is reported that the outline will "protect students' curiosity, stimulate curiosity and imagination" into the document, proposed to guide the reform of teaching methods, advocate heuristic, inquiry-based, open teaching; improve the comprehensive quality evaluation system, guide the personalized development of students with innovative potential; incorporate the scientific spirit into the teacher training process, and improve the scientific quality of teachers.

From test-taking teaching to exploratory curiosity

The reporter's investigation found that the primary school science class contains a lot of outdoor observation and experimental courses, but at present, the primary school often prohibits the science class from carrying out outdoor observation and experiments on the grounds of "insufficient funds", "safety and security", "difficult management", etc., and the problems such as the lack of attention in science classes and the low status of science teachers in schools are also more prominent.

"At present, many students still do not have scientific qualities even after graduation, they must improve from the content of the method, and the process of teaching should be regarded as a process of exploration, rather than simply obtaining a fixed knowledge and being able to have a standard answer."

Chu Zhaohui believes that the "score theory" makes many students lose their curiosity and curiosity about things, and it is necessary to actively cultivate students' critical spirit, ability and thinking, and at the same time transform the process of test-taking teaching into a process of exploring knowledge, and suggests that the education evaluation system should turn scores as a single evaluation criterion into a comprehensive quality evaluation standard.

It is understood that in terms of improving the ability of science and technology education, the outline requires that more external science popularization resources be used to make up for the lack of classroom science and technology education; carry out scientific and technological training for primary and secondary school teachers to enhance their scientific quality and scientific teaching ability; and give play to the intellectual advantages of learning to empower school science education.

"Utilitarian" thinking is prohibited for scientific exploration

The reporter also found in the investigation that in order to take the exam quickly, some middle school teachers taught natural science in a mechanical, "cramming" way, so that children could memorize formulas and theorems; Some high school math and science textbooks are thickly organized, making students' memory burden heavier and more homework. These are harmful to the depth of students' rational thinking and the activity of innovative thinking.

Neglect of natural science education, especially long-term neglect of observation and experimentation, can easily affect students' interest in natural science, over time, will lead to students lose the pleasure of pursuing scientific truth, while the lack of experimental sites, full-time experimenters, experimental tools and materials, etc., secondary school science experimental courses are even reduced to fiction.

The outline puts forward new goals for the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and the proportion of Chinese citizens with scientific quality will exceed 15% in 2025. From 10.56% to 15%, such a leap means that the capacity of science and technology education, dissemination and popularization, and science and technology public service should be comprehensively expanded, improved, and improved.

"In the process of modernization, China's science is still the process of introduction, and the proportion of Chinese inventions in the world is still low." Chinese the improvement of scientific literacy, in fact, the spirit of exploration, the improvement of exploration ability, so we must encourage young people to explore, discover, do not think too much about the purpose of research, because a lot of science is not so-called utilitarian value, more to the unknown world bold verification, which is very important. To form a good atmosphere of scientific exploration and curiosity and discovery, it is necessary to make concerted efforts from all aspects of society. Chu Zhaohui said.

Executive Producer: Zhu Yonglei Qiu Xiaomin

Planner: Li Yu

Reporter: Concerned

Editor: Liu Xia, Chen Zheng

Voiced by: Feng Grain

Design: Zhou Mu