King Ji Man of Zhou Mu reigned for 55 years. The fifth king of the Zhou Dynasty. Ji surname, full name. Son of Ji Flaw. King Mu was committed to the development of the four directions, and because the nomadic Rong Di did not pay tribute to the Zhou Dynasty, he was awarded the 5 kings of the Two Inu Rongs, and some of the Rong people were moved to Taiyuan (in the area of present-day Zhenyuan, Gansu). He also attacked Xu Rong from the east, and met the princes at Tushan (tushan, in present-day southeast of Huaiyuan, Anhui), consolidating Zhou's rule in the southeast. And formulated five penalties for ink, sword, stomach, palace, and dapu, and its detailed rules amounted to as many as 3,000. Later generations have passed on the story of King Mu's Western Expedition, such as the "Biography of Mu Tianzi" unearthed in the Jin Dynasty's Tomb of the Warring States, although mostly untrue, but reflect the situation at that time that King Mu intended to travel the world and interact with the tribes of various countries in the northwest.
Brief introduction
Mu Tianzi's eastern expedition to the west was so wide that there was no one before or after the ancients. Through his conquests, the Zhou Dynasty smoothly expanded its territory, strengthened its rule over the barbarians in all directions, and effectively consolidated the rule of the Zhou Dynasty, which is a strong proof of the prestige of the Great State zhou on the basis of the foundation of the powerful country accumulated by the four generations of rulers of Wenwu Chengkang.
However, after years of conquest, the Absence of the Son of Heaven in the imperial court led to the relaxation of the imperial government, and since King Mu, the Zhou Dynasty began to decline from prosperity to decline, just as the Western Han Dynasty after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also gradually declined from prosperity to decline. Finally, the last three generations of monarchs of the Zhou Dynasty: King Li, King Xuan, and King You, in addition to the achievements of King Xuan (Xuan Wang Zhongxing), the other two monarchs ruined the Zhou Dynasty, the whole country was very chaotic, and the people were not happy and miserable.
King Mu in the eyes of Shi Qiang
About King Mu, a monarch who had accumulated the cornerstone of his grandfather's development, he used his great talent to further spread the influence of Zhou culture. The Zhou Dynasty's Shi Wall Plate describes it this way when referring to King Mu: "Only King Mu is revealed, and the criminal Shuai Yujie ..." It can be seen from this that King Mu in the zhou dynasty shiguan's pen is full of wisdom, and can rule the four directions, wei Zhenyu within the king.
Therefore, he has also left a legendary story in books such as "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" and "Mu Tianzi".
The Legend of Mu Wang
Regarding King Mu of Zhou, this chapter will be elaborated from the perspective of myths and legends, based on the "Bamboo Book Chronicle", "Mu Tianzi Biography", "History of Zhou Benji" and other records.
"200 years old"
Regarding the age of Mu Tianzi, according to the "Records of History", "King Mu was on the throne, the Spring and Autumn Period was fifty years old", "King Mu was established for fifty-five years, collapsed", and has always been determined to be 105 years old. The "Bamboo Book Chronicle" says that from zhou to the hundredth year of King Mu, non-King Mu is one hundred years old. Therefore, Mu Tianzi has his own opinion on how old he is. At present, the bronzes of the Zhou Mu King period have a chronological age of only 34 years, and no more than 40 years have been found.
See Queen Mother of the West
Mu Tianzi once marched west and arrived at the place where the blue birds were perched, when the Queen Mother of the West came out and stopped.
The Queen Mother of the West is a more special figure in the ancient myths and legends of our country, and it is said that she lives on the shores of Kunlun Hill and Yaochi. The Classic of Mountains and Seas says that she was "like a human, with leopard tails and tiger teeth, a good whistle, a fluffy hair and a victory, and a strength of the heavens and the five remnants", accompanied by three blue birds. The "Inner Biography of Emperor Wu of Han" says that she is a goddess with a perfect appearance, and gives Emperor Wu of Han a peach for three thousand years. Ge Hong's "Pillow Book" says that she is the emperor born to the Yuanshi Heavenly King and the Taiyuan Jade Girl, and she was born to the Earth Emperor, and the Earth Emperor gave birth to the Human Emperor, and she was regarded as the ancestor of the creation of the people like Nuwa. All these things have evolved to the present, and the Queen Mother of the West has become the well-known Queen Mother Niangniang, the concubine of the Jade Emperor.
The Liezi King Mu of Zhou records: "King Mu did not sympathize with the country, did not enjoy the concubines, traveled wantonly, and rode the Eight Horses... Suibin is the Queen Mother of the West, above the Yaochi, and the Queen Mother of the West is Tianzi Yao, Wang Hezhi, whose words are mournful. ”
In that year, Mu Tianzi took the father who was good at manufacturing as the coachman, and the eight sacred horses (Chi Ji, Thief Li, Bai Yi, Yue Lun, Shan Zi, and Qu Huang) offered by the princes. Hua Xiao and Green Ear) for the royal driver, the west marched away. All the way to the Kunlun Hills. The Queen Mother of the West came out to stop him, invited him to see the palace of the Yellow Emperor, welcomed him to yaochi, and set up a banquet to entertain him, and the two of them sang and reconciled. The Chronicle of History says that Mu Tianzi "received four white wolves and four white deer to return." The Queen Mother of the West returned to visit, and King Mu entertained the Queen Mother of the West at the Zhao Palace. According to modern scholars, the place where King Mu of Zhou traveled west should be a vast plain between the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea, which is the earliest historical record of exchanges between China and the Western Regions.
Conquest of the Southeast
After Mu Tianzi's western expedition, he turned to the southeast, the Eastern princes xu guo, led the Eastern Yi invasion, Mu Tianzi quelled the chaos in one fell swoop, and then marched east to reach Jiujiang. After that, the Southern Expedition. Volume 74 of the Taiping Imperial Records quotes Baopuzi: "King Mu of Zhou marched south, and his army was exhausted. A gentleman is an ape for a crane, and a little man is a worm for sand. ”
Patrol range
Legend has it that Mu Tianzi paraded, "Mu Wang's western expedition, and the world, billions have ninety thousand miles." "King Mu's eastern expedition to the world, 22,500 miles, the western expedition to 90,000 miles, the southern conquest 100 million to 73 miles, and the northern expedition to 270 million miles." The scope is so wide that I am afraid that not only has there been no ancients before, but even no one has come after. If you want to compare it, I am afraid that only Genghis Khan's western expedition is. Moreover, Genghis Khan did not personally conquer the westernmost places, but Mu Tianzi led his own troops to these places, which is unique.
Yan Shi made man
Yan shi was a strange person who had been encountered in a distant exotic land when King Mu of Zhou was hunting to the west.
Yan Shi is the most amazing mechanical engineer in ancient legends, and he once dedicated a puppet to King Mu of Zhou who was even better than modern robots.
The appearance of the puppets and ordinary people created by Yanshi was extremely cool, and King Mu of Zhou thought at first that he was only a companion of Yanshi, but after Yanshi's explanation, this famous king with a strong divinity was also very surprised. The puppet forward, backward, forward, backward, the action is no different from the real person, breaking the chin, it can sing and sing, mobilize the arm will swing and dance, so that the onlookers are amazed, Zhou Mu Wang is interesting to see, and let the pet Ji come out to watch together. When the performance was about to end, the puppet threw a flattering eye at King Mu of Zhou's favorite, which made King Mu of Zhou furious, determined that this flexible and living guy was a real person, and he was going to execute Yan Shi on the spot. Yan Shi immediately folded the puppet away and found that it was just a dead thing composed of leather, wood, glue paint, black, white, red and blue paint.
King Mu of Zhou looked forward, the puppet's internal organs are all there, the outside is the bones, joints, fur, teeth, hair are all available, but they are all fakes, once combined, but it is a living puppet, the puppet's heart is removed, the puppet can not speak, the liver is blind, the kidney is removed, it cannot walk. In the end, it made King Mu of Zhou feel convinced and sighed at the master's superb technique. Allusions: The only difficult thing for Yan Shi to create people is to say that no matter how good the skills are, it is difficult to create people's hearts.
Wild History Anecdotes
King Mu of Zhou's name was Ji Man, born to Empress Fang, and his father was King Zhao of Zhou. King Zhao died on the way during his southern tour, and he made King Mu the monarch of the Zhou Dynasty. At that time, King Mu was already fifty years old, reigned for fifty-four years, and lived for one hundred and four years. When King Mu was young, he liked to cultivate the Taoist techniques of immortality, and wanted to learn from the famous mountains and rivers that the Yellow Emperor had traveled on horseback all over the world. So he rode in a car of eight horses to the place where the Northwest Rong clan lived, and the driver for him was the most famous driver of the Zhou Dynasty. On the way, King Mu obtained a white fox and a black raccoon and used them to sacrifice to the river god. When his car pulled into the weak water, which was said to not even be able to float up, the fish, turtles, crocodiles, etc. in the river automatically built a bridge for him to pass. Then King Mu ascended Mount Tai and met with the Queen Mother of the West on the Yao Pond in the Celestial Realm, and drank with her. At the banquet, the Queen Mother of the West sang: "There are white clouds floating in the sky, and the road is endless." Countless mountains and rivers have blocked us, and it will be difficult to hear from us from now on. However, you will live forever and believe that you will be reunited later. King Mu said, "After I return to the land of Shenzhou, I will enable all the countries of China to live in harmony and all the peoples to live an equal and prosperous life, and then I will come to see you again." After three years, King Mu traveled to the wilderness again, to Mount Leishou and Mount Taihang in Shanxi, and then to the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, Hojing (present-day southwest of Xi'an). At that time, Ling Yin Xi had already trekked through quicksand and meadows to the north of Zhongnan Mountain, and King Mu of Zhou also followed the path he had walked, inviting the hermits Yin Yuan and Du Chong, both of whom lived in houses built on grass trees, and King Mu of Zhou also came to live with them, and their residence was called "Louguan". Later, the priest came from Zhengpu to see King Mu and reported that Xu Yan had rebelled and rebelled, and King Mu returned to the country to quell the rebellion and make the society safe. When King Mu ascended the Kunlun Mountain, he drank the sweet spring in the cracks of the stone of the Bee Mountain, ate the fruits of the jade tree, and climbed the jade mountains where the Queen Mother of the West lived, all of which obtained the Daoist technique of soaring clouds. The reason why he still appeared in the world as a mortal was because he wanted to appear and tell people the results of cultivation. Besides, King Mu drank a paste made of jade, ate the sweet snow on the Kunlun Mountain, and ate immortal fruits such as su lotus, black jujube, green lotus, and white orange, so how could he not prolong his life and live forever? Legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West once descended into the palace of King Mu of Zhou, and the two of them soared into the Heavenly Palace on a cloudy ride.