Walnuts, native to the Near East, are also known as walnuts and qiang peaches, and are known as the world-famous "four dried fruits" along with almonds, cashews and hazelnuts. It can be eaten raw, fried, or squeezed with oil, prepared pastries, candy, etc., which is not only delicious, but also has high nutritional value, and is known as "long live the child" and "longevity fruit".
Fruitful walnuts
First, walnut main pest control technology
1. Walnut lifting moth
Mainly harmful to fruit. Larvae moth infestation. In the green skin, moths eat many tunnels, full of insect feces, the green skin of the victim turns black, the harm of the early seed kernel shrinkage, early fall, late black, commonly known as "walnut black".
Walnut lifting moth hazard
Walnut lifting moth
Prevention and control methods:
(1) Artificial prevention and control. Before August, the diseased fruits are removed in time; the garden is completely cleared before winter, the soil is ploughed to eliminate the cocoons of overwintering insects; and the adult insects are feathered. Sexual attractants are used to trap male adults to reduce mating. Reduce the population density of the offspring.
(2) Pharmaceutical prevention and control. Before the adult insects emerge, the poisonous soil is sprinkled in the tree, and the 25% octylthion microcapsules should be shallow hoeed after application; the peak spawning period (early June to early July) is sprayed on the tree with 25% civenne wettable powder 400 to 500 times and Bt-%N every 10 to 15 days.
2. Wood inchworm
Binge eating pests, feeding on the leaves with larvae, eating the leaves in severe cases, leaving only the petioles, seriously affecting the tree potential.
Wood inchworm
Prevention and control methods:
(1) Areas with high pupal density, in early autumn or early spring. Combined with land preparation and weir repair, manual pupaeing is carried out.
(2) In the feathering period of adult insects from May to August, booby traps are killed with black light or fire. (3) Egg grasping incubation stage and young larval stage spraying, 25% urea suspension 5 000 times or 5% flulingurea emulsion 1500 ~ 2000 times, etc.
3. Yellow thorn moth
The small larvae only eat leaf flesh, residual leaf veins, slightly larger leaf is absent or holes, and in severe cases, the leaves are full of holes.
Thorn moth
Prevention and control methods:
(1) Cut off the overwintering cocoon, and pick out the cocoon that is parasitic by the green wasp for protection and utilization.
(2) Severe garden tablets are sprayed during the larval stage. BT emulsion or inulin pesticides are available.
4. Grasshopper shell insects
Nymphs go up the tree to suck sap. Resulting in a weakening of the tree. Even the branches wither, affecting the yield.
Grasshopper shell insects
Prevention and control methods:
(1) The trunk is coated with adhesive tape. In early February, scrape off the old bark at the base of the trunk and apply a viscose layer of 6 to 10 em to prevent the nymphs from climbing the tree. Sticky shellac can be dissolved by heating waste motor oil. Waste oil often contains gasoline is easy to cause drug damage, when using plastic film can be tied before applying medicine.
(2) Chemical control. Spray 3 to 5 baumelite sulfur compounds during the nymph phase. (3) Protect natural enemies such as black-edged red ladybirds and dark red ladybirds.
5. Walnut small giddings
In recent years, important pests have been found to harm walnuts. Larvae harm the cortex of the branches, the branches that are seriously damaged, and the leaves wither and fall early. Most of the branches died the following spring, resulting in a large number of dead branches.
Walnut small giddings
Prevention and control methods:
(1) Strengthen comprehensive management. Increase the tree potential. Improves insect resistance.
(2) Bait wood booby trap. In the adult feathering and spawning period, some bait trees are set up in time to lure the insects to lay eggs and burn them in time;
(3) Cut the worm tip thoroughly. Combined with the harvesting of walnuts, the dead yellow branches of the affected leaves are completely pruned or the adults are feathered
(4) Pharmaceutical prevention and control. When young trees are killed, 10 times the dichlorvos solution can be applied to the pest scars in July and August.
Second, the prevention and control technology of common diseases of walnuts
1. Walnut powdery mildew
Endanger leaf shoots and new shoots, causing early leaf fall, and even seedling death, onset of disease in July to August, the initial stage of the disease leaf faded green or caused macula, severe leaf twisting and shrinking, young shoots germinate and can not spread leaves, on the front or back of the leaf appeared discoidal white powder layer, later in the white powder produced brown or black grain spots.
Walnut powdery mildew
Prevention and control methods: continuous removal of diseased leaves, diseased branches and burned, strengthening management, enhancing tree potential and disease resistance: In the early stage of the disease in July, it was sprayed with Baume 0.2 to 0.3 degree stone sulfur compound.
2. Walnut brown spot disease
It mainly harms leaves, fruits and young shoots, which can cause leaf loss. After the leaves are diseased, they first appear nearly round and gray in the middle, and the spots are slightly concentric and small black dots arranged in concentric patterns. After the increase of spots, it shows dry flower spots, and the surface of the fruit is small and concave. Young seedlings have oval or irregular spots. It is infested many times a year, and the onset occurs from May to June, and the peak period is from July to August.
Walnut brown spot disease
Control method: remove the diseased leaves and combine pruning to remove the diseased shoots, bury deep or burn them: spray 1:2:200 times Bordeaux liquid or 5-phenoxymethicazole once before and after flowering and in mid-June.
3. Walnut black spot disease
The disease is caused by a pathogenic bacterium, also known as walnut bacterial black spot disease. At the beginning of the fruit injury, brown oil-impregnated micro-bulging spots appear on the surface, and then the spots gradually expand and sink, turn black, and there are small impregnation halos on the outer edge.
Walnut black spot disease
Prevention and control methods: cultivate and cultivate disease-resistant varieties, maintain the robust growth of the tree body, enhance the disease force, and remove the source of diseases such as diseased fruits and leaves in time. Spray Bomei 3 to 5 degree stone sulfur compound before germination. Spray 1:2: 200x Bordeaux liquid or 50% methyl tolbuzin wettable powder 500-800x liquid from May to June, and spray once before, after flowering and at the young fruit stage of female flowers.
4. Walnut burning disease
The high temperature season is prone to occur, the fruit is slightly burned, and round yellow-brown spots appear on the peel, and in severe cases, the plaque becomes black, dry and sinks, causing the fruit to develop poorly or fall off. After the branches are burned by the sun, the epidermis dries up or the whole branch dies.
Walnut burns
Prevention and control methods: reasonable pruning, moderately more branches and leaves, winter trunk whitening. In the dry season, pay attention to irrigation, reduce temperature, increase humidity, and improve the small climate in the park.
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