The Qiongya Column was a people's armed force formed by the Communist Party of China on the basis of the peasant uprising on Hainan Island in September 1927.
This people's armed force created a revolutionary base area centered on the Five Finger Mountain, and a small detachment of the Qiongya Column was the well-known Red Women's Army.
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A clip from the film and television work "The Red Detachment of Women"
In 1928, the Kuomintang army carried out a frenzied "encirclement and suppression" of the Qiongya Column, and the remaining troops of the Qiongya Column and about 600 people of the Qiongya Soviet government organs were forced to move to Muruishan in Ding'an County, Hainan Province, braving the rain of bullets and bullets.
In 1932, the Kuomintang concentrated its forces and carried out a second "encirclement and suppression" against the Qiongya Column, and the Qiongya Column was once again severely damaged, and the main force was almost lost.
Feng Baiju, secretary of the QIONGya Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, led the remaining more than 100 people to the original forest of Murui Mountain and fought an arduous struggle against the Kuomintang army for more than 8 months.
Between battles, Wang Yexi, then standing committee member and secretary general of the Qiongya Soviet Government, often played the flute for everyone, encouraging everyone to continue fighting, so that the soldiers of the Red Army in desperate situations could always maintain the spirit of revolutionary optimism.
In early 1950, the Qiongya Column received a telegram from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, asking them to cooperate with the Fourth Field Army in liberating Hainan Island.
On April 16, 1950, the main force of the 15th Corps of the Fourth Field Army of the People's Liberation Army successfully landed on Hainan Island. In the Qiongbei area, the Qiongya Column cooperated with the main force of the People's Liberation Army to carry out a siege and annihilation battle until the liberation of the whole island on May 1.
The Qiongya Column played an important role in the campaign to liberate Hainan Island and made immortal contributions to the victory of the Chinese revolution and the liberation of Hainan Island.
In 1956, in order to show the arduous years of the Qiongya Column on Mount Murui, the sculptor Pan He created the sculpture "Hard Years".
"Hard Times" creates a strong visual contrast by creating two Red Army soldiers, one old and one young, and the composition of one high and one low.
The veteran soldier's face was covered with wrinkles, silently telling the cruelty of the revolutionary struggle of that year; the joints of his hands were very prominent, indicating that he had to persist in the struggle while producing to save himself; the old soldier's tattered military uniform showed the hardships of his life in Muruishan.
The little warrior leans trustively and intimately next to the old soldier, holding a rifle of the same size as himself, a detail that fills the work with tension and reminds people of the cruelty of war.
The little warrior looked up into the distance and listened intently, as if he had entered a vision of the future.
"The success of this work is not only that the intention is good, the plot selection is accurate, the characters are vividly shaped, and more importantly, it embodies an achievement of Chinese sculpture art in the 50s."
——Art expert Shang Hui"
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After receiving the creative task, Pan He went to Hainan Island to collect on-the-spot style. Pan He interviewed Feng Baiju, the main leader of the Qiongya Column, and listened to him tell the story of the Red Army's insistence on struggle.
After repeated thinking and verification, Pan He conceived a scene of an old Red Army playing the flute for a small Red Army based on a detail of the life of the Qiongya Column on Murui Mountain at that time.
With his solid sculptural skills and full of creative enthusiasm, he completed this sculpture in just over 20 days.
For more than 70 years, today's Muruishan Revolutionary Base Memorial Park has become a red education and training base in Hainan Province, and Hainan Island, which was once war-torn, has become a famous international tourist destination.
Entering a new era, Hainan holds high the banner of reform, strives to build a free trade pilot zone, and forms a new pattern of reform and opening up at a higher level.
What other artistic features does "Hard Times" have? What little-known stories happened to the Qiongya Column later?
Let's follow Jiang Ying, an expert in the history of the Communist Party of China, and Shang Hui, an art critic, to understand the story behind "Hard Times"!