Text/Photo Peninsula all-media reporter Zhu Jiaxin
On May 1, Qingdao's fishing moratorium officially opened, there was less seafood caught by sea, and farmed fish, shrimp and crabs came to comfort people's taste buds. When a delicious shrimp is served on the table, who would have thought that these shrimp would go from seedling to maturity to market, during which time shrimp farmers would have to go through many hard days and nights?
April 29, is the day when the shrimp farmers in Qingdao Chengyang Hetao Street put shrimp fry, the reporter rushed to the shrimp field early in the morning, 1.4 million shrimp fry under the skillful technology of the shrimp farmers, only about half an hour to put it, why so quick to release seedlings? What else do I need to pay attention to after seedlings? Please follow the reporter's text to experience "A Day as a Shrimp Farmer"...
The new house of Shrimp Treasure is ready
Most afraid of heavy rain to disturb
On the day of the interview, Xu Youxin, a shrimp farmer contacted by the reporter, was still on his way back to Qingdao. A group of 7 people set off from Qingdao at 5 o'clock in the morning to pull shrimp fry from the nursery in Haiyang.
While chatting with other shrimp farmers, the reporter learned that the variety they entered today was the Japanese car shrimp, which is what we commonly call the bamboo shrimp. Due to its high value, it is generally sold directly to Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places by shrimp dealers after breeding and harvesting, and diners in the south enjoy eating Japanese car shrimp live. Coming to the side of Xu Youxin's shrimp pond, the reporter saw that there were already two masters waiting for him. One of the masters first held a simple blessing ceremony to hope that the new year would be smooth and smooth. Then they took out several brand-new red flags and tied them to high bamboo poles and erected them at the edge of each shrimp pond, which they said meant red and red. In the distance, three bright red flags fluttered happily by the shrimp pond, as if to tell the shrimp farmers that the future must be a bumper harvest year...
For shrimp fry, a master surnamed Xu said that there are many nursery farms now, including Qingdao, Rizhao and Hebei. In the past, they all used local seedlings from Qingdao because they were more suitable for the water quality here, but this year they chose shrimp seedlings from Haiyang. Master Xu said that after the shrimp were produced in December last year, they put the water in the shrimp pond clean, and after the pool was exposed to the sun, they used machinery to clean the shrimp manure and silt at the bottom of the pond to ensure that the soil at the bottom of the shrimp pond in the new year was renovated.
During the small talk, the shrimp farmers around them rushed here one after another, and they were all waiting for Xu Youxin to return and help him put shrimp fry. The master surnamed Guo said, "It rained last night, it should not rain in the morning, when the seedlings are released, they don't like the wind too much, the wind and waves are big, and the shrimp fry can't sink smoothly." Only when the water surface is calm, the shrimp fry can sink smoothly and ensure the survival rate. "It seems that for shrimp farmers, it is not enough to have excellent breeding technology, but also to have an accurate weather forecast."
Plastic bags contain shrimp fry
There are 60,000 tails per pound
Xu Youxin finally arrived!
According to Xu Youxin, when they arrived, more than a dozen workers were already ready in the nursery. Because most of the water in the seedling pond should be drained before the emergence of seedlings, it is convenient for workers to fish out the shrimp fry. The shrimp fry are placed in a large wooden barrel, weighed accordingly, and then packed into a plastic bag with two layers of film. In this link, the workers immediately fill the bag with oxygen and seal the mouth of the bag tightly with a leather band. It is understood that a bag can contain about 10,000 shrimp fry, their length is only about 0.7 cm, and there are 60,000 shrimp fry per kilogram.
Because the shrimp fry stick to the plastic bag for a maximum of four or five hours, and two hours is the best time, so the shrimp fry must return to Qingdao immediately after loading the car, basically loading a car and walking a car. Although, in the process of transportation, there will be some losses, but fortunately, the overall impact is not large. This time, 7 people in their group pulled back about 5 million shrimp fry, and Xu Youxin alone pulled back about 1.4 million to 1.5 million fish, which was the largest number. Xu Youxin said that this year he contracted three shrimp ponds, two less than last year, and this year's bag of shrimp fry is more than a dozen yuan more expensive than last year, and the shrimp fry he pulled cost a total of about 20,000 yuan.
Since Xu Youxin was the last to return from Haiyang, the shrimp farmers who arrived in Qingdao before him had already stocked the shrimp fry. Therefore, when Xu Youxin pulled his shrimp fry to the shrimp pond, several shrimp farmers who had finished casting the seedlings were already waiting at the edge of the shrimp pond. Only to see Xu Youxin just stopped the car, several shrimp farmers immediately opened the carriage, they first put the felt covered on the shrimp fry bag to pick up, under the felt is a white woven bag, each woven bag contains two bags of shrimp fry.
The weather is clear and the seedlings are thrown
Teacup shrimp left samples
When the shrimp fry are transported back, the plastic bag cannot be opened, and the seedlings must be opened when the shrimp pond is released. I saw shrimp farmers in groups of three, transporting shrimp fry to small boats, one person driving the boat, and two people responsible for dropping shrimp fry. I thought that more than 1.4 million shrimp fry would take a long time to release, who knew that in less than half an hour, the "shrimp baby" had already lived in the new home.
Xu Youxin said that when putting shrimp fry, he likes sunny weather the most, and although there are three or four winds today, it is good that it is not a big problem. In order not to let the shrimp fry be affected by the wind, the shrimp farmers also carefully chose the seedling point, after some research, they finally decided to put seedlings on the south side of the shrimp pond. Use the pond dam on the south side to block the wind and allow the shrimp fry to smoothly transition into the new growth environment.
As soon as the "shrimp baby" entered the water, it was quickly invisible, but Xu Youxin's hopes were growing in the dark...
After releasing the shrimp fry, a thin layer of sweat had appeared on everyone's forehead, although it was more than 11 o'clock in the morning, but they had not even had time to eat breakfast. Xu Youxin said that originally it seemed that the weather might rain, and when the shrimp seedlings were released, it was just sunny for a while, and it was this short sunny day that won them the most favorable time to release seedlings.
Before the seedlings were released, the reporter saw that Xu Youxin left a bag of shrimp fry alone and placed them on the edge of the pool. After the delivery, he found three foam boxes and three plastic bags. First fill the plastic bag with the water in the shrimp pond, then put the plastic bag into the foam box, and finally open the bag of shrimp fry that remains. Picking up a teacup, I scooped out 10 shrimp fry from the bag for the first time and put them in the first box, followed by 12 and 14 shrimp fry in turn, and put them in the second and third boxes, respectively. At this time, the reporter was already confused, perhaps feeling the reporter's doubts, and then Xu Youxin said that the reason why they did this was to use these three samples to observe the growth of shrimp fry.
Do you think that everything will be fine when the shrimp fry is finished? wrong! Because then they will officially enter the stage of taking care of the "shrimp baby", which is related to the growth of shrimp fry and the income of shrimp farmers, which is the most important.
"Baby shrimp" was raised in this way
Shrimp farming is a very cumbersome process, whether it is the water or food used for shrimp farming, there are many exquisite, so what is the knowledge here? Listen to what Xu Youxin has to say.
The month is two tides, and the good water welcomes the shrimp treasure
Looking at the three shrimp ponds, Xu Youxin said, "You see so much seawater, not at one time, but by using the tidal tide of two decades every month to introduce seawater into the shrimp pond." This year, the introduction of seawater began on the second day of the second month of the second lunar month (March 14), and the shrimp pond was fed into the shrimp pond from the first to the fifth day of the first lunar month, the fifteenth to the nineteenth day, and there were four or five such large-scale water diversion work. ”
During the water, they will walk back and forth on the edge of the pool, observe the water quality with the naked eye, and the water introduced will sometimes bring in some small miscellaneous fish, at which time they will put tea seed cakes into the shrimp pond, "Small fish will die when they eat, this is to avoid the shrimp fry that come in later to be eaten by small fish, and it is also a more environmentally friendly means of treatment." If the water quality is not good, you need to release some of the water and add some more water. And the cultivation of bamboo shrimp does not require fertilizer water, because there are various microorganisms in the water. Xu Youxin said that a successful and smooth shrimp farming process, good water, shrimp seedlings are part of it, the most important thing is the meticulous care of shrimp farmers.
Xu Youxin told reporters that the spring shrimp fry is generally only about 0.7 cm, before entering the shrimp fry in large quantities, shrimp farmers should first go to the nursery to see the shrimp fry, and bring back a small amount of shrimp fry to be raised in the barrel, observe the survival rate, if the growth is normal, you can enter the shrimp fry. Shrimp ponds are also cleaned every year, and shrimp ponds can have a small amount of seaweed, which can absorb some toxic substances in the water and regulate water quality. For the reporter's question of supplementary seedlings, he said that generally there is no big problem and shrimp fry will not be replenished, because the supplementary seedlings will cause shrimp to vary in size.
Eat very carefully, the recipe changes regularly
Xu Youxin said that the main food of the shrimp fry put in today is brine worms. Last year, the brine worm was 160 yuan a barrel, which needed 20 barrels a day, and the amount was continuously increased as the shrimp grew. "In the first 10 days, the shrimp fry only ate brine worms, and after 10 days, they had to add small shrimp to increase nutrition." It is understood that these small shrimp are frozen, mainly from the stone island side, and one price a year, last year was 30 yuan a board. The thawed shrimp are about ten pounds, and they should be stirred together with brine worms to feed the shrimp fry. After 15 days of seedlings, it is necessary to observe their growth every day, "in the morning, get up and pull up the shrimp food from the shrimp pond to observe the shrimp baby eating, if the shrimp food is reduced, add some amount." ”
After feeding this process for another 10 days or so, you have to add small fish, stir the small fish and shrimp together, and feed them until around June 20 this year to add shellfish food. "The main thing is to mix the crushed micro shellfish and small fish together, and in the later stage, as the size of the shrimp increases, the daily feeding volume is also increasing, and the cost of shrimp food in the later period reaches about 10,000 yuan per day, and last year, the shrimp food cost of the two stubble shrimp will be 800,000 to 1 million." Xu Youxin said.
At the end of June, shrimp farmers get up around 3 a.m. every day and then go to the edge of the shrimp pond to shake the flashlight shrimp to observe the activity of the shrimp. This is done because the shrimp habit is to be active at night, sleeping during the day, and sleeping 12 hours a day. "When the sun goes down, I wake up, and I have to hurry up and feed at four or five o'clock in the afternoon, and it's so tiring to raise shrimp!" Xu Youxin sighed. From the beginning of May to November, Xu Youxin basically stayed in the shrimp pond every day, close to home can not return, must get up every night to observe the movement of shrimp, "if you encounter heavy rain, but also use the salinity measuring instrument to detect, if the salinity of the water is low, you must pay close attention to adjusting the salinity of the water." ”
Reduced shrimp ponds, no less hope
This aquaculture area of Xu Youxin is close to Jiaozhou Bay, and this year due to the needs of urban development, some shrimp pond land was used as project development land. In this case, Xu Youxin's contract volume has been reduced from more than 800 mu of 5 shrimp ponds last year to 3 shrimp ponds, and the area has also shrunk to more than 500 mu, "that is, the cultivation of South American white shrimp has been reduced, and this year it is mainly the cultivation of bamboo shrimp." ”
The cost of shrimp farming is so high, can the cost be recovered?" Last year's harvest was OK, and the cost of shrimp farming was earned back", Xu Youxin said, although the cost was earned back, but the cost of energy invested by each shrimp farmer could not be calculated with money. "The aquaculture industry is relatively special, the market situation is uncertain and often fluctuates greatly, and until the end, the income is not easy to say." But Xu Youxin is still full of energy, "the shrimp fry that are now put on the market can be listed in July, and the water will be released after the first stubble shrimp is salvaged and then introduced into new water, and the second stubble shrimp can be raised, and the second stubble shrimp can be harvested by the end of November." After saying that, Xu Youxin walked to the edge of the shrimp pond again...
In the interview, the reporter also picked another senior shrimp farmer, his name is Liu Fangwei, 60 years old this year, in the Guantao community of Chengyang District, shrimp farming area. This year, he contracted 40 acres of shrimp ponds and farmed bamboo shrimp, North and South American shrimp, and crab. In the middle of April this year, he put the bamboo shrimp fry on it, and on April 25, he put the pike crab fry, and when the water temperature reached about 20 degrees, he would put the South American white shrimp shrimp fry. He said that he could recover the cost under the rainy situation last year, and he could still have tens of thousands of yuan in income, and he felt very satisfied.
As the weather warmed up, the shrimp farmers began to nail the edge of the shrimp pond again. The reporter looked at the busy shrimp farmers by the shrimp pond with a thousand emotions, and they worked hard in the cycle of shrimp farming seasons while also creating a delicious taste for us.
Source: Mass Press, Al Jazeera