"Manjiang Red" Xue Shaohui
Prologue: On the day of the Middle Yuan, the Battle of Jiashen, the classmates were killed in many battles, and they went to majiang to pay homage to the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall, and recruited them to travel with their uncles. An old woman of the aviation worker said: In wartime, it is appropriate to carry passengers into the water by the head of the pipe. In the wind and thunder, the sound of cannons and rain reverberated, and in the middle of the reed island, the enemy ships were seen flying angrily, like fireballs in and out. Outside the dock of my ship' mooring, the birds of Wakatsuki waited to be caught, and the second one sank. At night, the tide is high and fast, and the floating corpses on the river are rolling. The enemy ship burned electric lights like daylight, and the boat was salty and frightened, and did not dare to do it.
Four more, there is a muted sound to the end. If it is close, it will destroy the salt boat, and there will be more than ten people on the ship. All the rogues in the countryside are far and near, and the head of the forest lions and lions, the news of the enemy ships, and then sail away.
The sky will be bright, and I heard several cannons, and about the wooden planks flew away. Although the Gaishi lions and others were unscrupulous, at this moment they suddenly developed a sense of loyalty and righteousness, and when they saw the salt ship patroller abandoning the ship and fleeing, he stole his ship, used his cannon, rode out of the rapid water, approached the enemy ship, hoped that the enemy would pull the white fort where he was sitting alone, and burned the bow of the ship to the cabin, the cabin was destroyed, and the enemy returned the cannon in surprise. And lions and lions and other ships into powder.
Yu Ruwen said, shocked: "Yes! After several years of doubt, it is now clear. Yu said, "When I was in Paris." Suitable for the lonely erected stone statue on Lonely Street. Looking back, I met a certain word of acquaintance warriors: I once pulled into My Min with loneliness. During the war on the third day of the first month, the Chinese ships were in a hurry and there was no defense. However, the next day, when the sky was about to dawn, it seemed that an ambush came to the aid of the artillery and destroyed the cabin. In his lonely sleep, the hatch folded his left arm, injuring him, and the cannon was silent. There were soldiers in the reeds of the suspected harbor, and they rushed to the exit of the Xiaowu brigade. Fearing the narrow road of Nagato Cannon, he took advantage of the tide to circle the Oolong River to the White Dog. Repair the ship to heal the wounds, heal. And then penghu, and finally died of serious injuries. This statement is also a delusional one at first. It was the battle of Japan, my ship was annihilated, the overseer stomped away, there was no soldier up and down this river, there was a cannon that came the next morning? I don't expect to know that there are forest lions and lions today. Woohoo! The world can be a thief or a loyal one. Although its powder body is dead, it can make the long whale in the wave of anger, suddenly depressed and bold, hanging its head and tail, and fleeing to death. Its work is shallow and fresh! Cherish the countryside, no one to do anything about it, zi yan for me to remember?" Yu Yue: "Only", using hanging words.
word:
Mang Mang Jiang Tian, recalling the day, the crocodile went deep. In the wind and rain, the stars flew thunder and thundered, and the ghosts and gods cried. The crane worm sand swept away. Salt is sold to slaughter pigs like mosquitoes. Step on the night tide, strike out of the middle stream, and think of sneaking attacks.
It was hoarse, the smoke was wet, it was popping, the dragon snake was stinging. Laughing at the seeds, only breathing remains. After all the waves and rivers passed, he once turned over the thunderbolt male master. Sorry to sink, the soul of the Kusawa country, who searched for it?
This is a poem by Xue Shaohui, a talented woman in modern Fuzhou, "Manjiang Hong", the word is naturally a good word, and the preface of the word is even better, filling a gap in history. The preface of the word explains the background of the lyrics, reveals some fragments of historical information, and thus carries the value of some historical materials, for historical figures and historical events that lack written records, poems, essays, travelogues, notes, and letters, which are indispensable clues for excavating history.
The gist of word order
On the day of the Middle Yuan Dynasty (a certain year), the author Xue Shaohui, his husband Chen Shoupeng and his brother Xue Yukun took a boat to the Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall to worship their classmates who died in the Battle of Majiang. The old woman of the shipwright contributed a rumor about the naval war in that year, "When the war", "The enemy ship was angry and flew", "My ship sank the second time", "The rogue Forest Lion lion in Shanggan Township far and near", "Suddenly born loyal", "Stealing" the salt boat abandoned by the official family, shelling the French leader lonely pulling "the bow on the cabin", "and the lion and lion and other ships into powder." (Shanggan Township, Shanggan Township, Fuzhou)
The old woman of the shipwright's account is quite consistent with the saying that Xuan Ru (Chen Shoupeng) heard when he was studying in Paris, "the death of a lone puller".
Chen Shoupeng
This is a sacrifice to the fallen soldiers of the Battle of Majiang, initiated by Chen Shoupeng.
Chen Shoupeng, Marquis of Fuzhou, birth and death years unknown, roughly from the 1850s to the 1930s, enrolled in the Fuzhou School of Ship Administration, from 1886 to 1889, participated in the third session of the Ship Administration Tour of England and France, in the early 20th century, served in the newly established Ministry of Posts and Communications, after the Republic of China, served as an inspector and section chief (mainly engaged in compilation) in the Ministry of the Navy, as one of the translators involved in modern translation, there are many joint translations and solo translations, the more famous ones are "Eighty Days of Travel" and "New Translation of China's Rivers and Seas Dangerous Atlas".
Now in the information about Chen Shoupeng, it is introduced that he graduated from the School of Shipping Administration, studied French, studied in France, and was a diplomat at the end of the Qing Dynasty, which is actually confusing Chen Shoupeng with the resume of his brother Chen Jitong.
Chen Jitong (1851-1907), Marquis of Fuzhou, diplomat of the late Qing Dynasty, graduate of the first class of the Former School of Shipping Administration. Chen Jitong, one of the heavyweights of Sino-European cultural exchanges in modern times, has been stationed in France for a long time, and the light of the time, Yan Fu, cannot be compared with him. Yan Fu introduced modern European ideas to China, and Chen Jitong exported Chinese culture to Europe on an equal footing. The famous figure who exported Chinese culture in modern times is Gu Hongming, and Chen Jitong is the initiator.
According to Xue Shaohui's chronology, "(Guangxu) In June of the fifteenth year, Jiayan returned from abroad", and Chen Shoupeng returned from Europe in 1889. On the 15th of July, Chen Shoupeng, together with his wife Xue Shaohui and his brother-in-law Xue Yukun, took a boat to the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall to sacrifice, and this poem "Man Jiang Hong" was probably written in that year.
Take a boat to the route of Zhaozhong Temple
(Chen Shoupeng lives at the foot of Wushi Mountain, and it has been verified that his address is located in the current Sanfang Seven Alleys, if you start from your residence, go to the riverside ferry, and then take a boat down the Minjiang River, you can reach the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall in Mawei.) ）
Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall
The Battle of Majiang (Sino-French Naval Battle) took place in 1884, and the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall dedicated to the fallen soldiers of the Battle of Majiang was completed in 1886 and completed by Zhang Peilun, acting minister of shipping, and pei Yinsen, acting minister of shipping.
"In the Battle of Majiang on August 23, 1884, hundreds of officers and men were killed in the Battle of Majiang, and a large number of officers and soldiers of the Green Camp Marine Division also sacrificed their lives for the country, among which the deeds of Gao Tengyun, Lü Han, Xu Shoushan, Chen Ying and others in the ship pipe belt of the Ship Administration And Water Division were particularly magnificent. After the war, the shipping administration sent Zhou Maoqi and chief inspector Shen Yiqing to sacrifice heroic martyrs, highlighting their deeds, and asked the acting minister Zhang Peilun to ask the imperial court to give them special favors and set up a special shrine for the martyrs of the Battle of Majiang as sacrifices. On 31 January 1885, the acting Minister of Shipping, Cheung Pei Lun, who had been dismissed but had not yet been handed over, gave his approval on the matter. (History of Shipping Politics, vol. 2, p. 503, Chen Yue)
The Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall was built in the area of Yokoura Village at the foot of the Maji Mountains, and when it was inaugurated in the ninth month of the lunar calendar in 1886, Pei Yinsen, acting minister of shipping, "personally led his subordinates to pay tribute and personally wrote the inscription."
Pei Yinsen's "Monument to the Specially Built Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall" contains that there are twelve "Zhongqi Li Lords" enshrined in the Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall, "There are two out of ten Zhongtang Li Lords, gao Tengyun, who is known as the general rank and staff general of the Pinghai Battalion; and Chen Ying, who is known as the commander of the capital and the military merit of wupin, all of whom are the most powerful in the main battle." Special recipients: Yu Shen General Title, Du Si Lü Han, Yue Du Si Title, Qian Zong Xu Shoushan, Ye Chen, Liang Zifang; Yue Lan Ling Du Si Rank Cai Jie, Cai Fu'an; Yue Lan Ling Shou Rank Zhang Qixian; Yue Shou Bei Title, Qian Zong Li Lai Sheng; Shou Bei Rank, Wu Pin Military Gong Lin Forest; Yue Min An Qian General Chen Meng, all bravely, the ministry to discuss the merits."
These twelve "Zhongqi Li Lords" were relatively high-ranking officers, and among them, the rank of general and the rank of Dusi Lühan, the rank of Dusi, the title of Wupin Military Gong Chen Ying, the title of Dusi, the title of Qianzong Xu Shoushan, Ye Chen, and Liang Zifang; the rank of garrison and the title of Wupin Military Gonglin Forest, were all graduates of the Ship Administration.
Chen Shoupeng's so-called "many classmates are dead" should be the concept of alumni, and these officers from the ship administration should be his so-called "classmates".
Reconstruction of the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall
In March 1920 (the ninth year of the Republic of China), Lan Jianshu, commander-in-chief of the Navy, ordered Chen Zhaojun, director of the Fuzhou Shipping Bureau and vice admiral of the Navy's marine engine, to preside over the reconstruction of the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall. On October 8, 1922 (August 18, 1922), the anniversary of the Battle of Jia-Wu, the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Lan Jianshu, ordered Chen Zhaojun to enter the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall. Chen Zhaozheng wrote "The Reconstruction of the Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall", "The Monument to the Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall of the Combined Worship of Jiashen and Jiawu" and "The Monument to the Reconstruction of the Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall".
For the reconstruction of the Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall, a total of 23,171 yuan was donated, and 4,200 yuan was donated by Taifu (a bill circulating only in Fujian), and the donations were made by both individuals and institutions, up to the president, the chief of the navy, and the staff of the Admiralty.
"Reconstruction of the Donation Monument of Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall" Chen Yue
"On February 13, 1933 (the 22nd year of the Republic of China), the Admiralty designated August 23 (the Battle of Jiashen-France) and September 17 (the Battle of Dadonggou in Jiawu and Japan) as the Navy's anniversary, and the naval personnel led by the highest commander in Fujian to pay homage to the Majiang Zhaozhong Ancestral Hall. On July 28, 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China), the Admiralty promulgated the Majiang ZhaoZhong Ancestral Hall JiaShen and Jia Wu Naval Memorial Ceremony Order, which are hereby observed in accordance with the Zhao Zhong. (Fuzhou Archives Bureau)
(One detail, the date of the battle of Jiawu, is the lunar calendar in 1922 (August 18, the 17th day of the Gregorian calendar in the eleventh year of the Republic of China), and the year 1933 is changed to the Gregorian calendar.) ）
Dai Yun Lou poetry collection
"ManJiang Hong" is excerpted from the "Dai Yun Lou Relics Collection" ("Dai Yun Lou Poetry Collection"), written by Xue Shaohui (1866-1911), a talented woman in modern Fuzhou.
According to Xue Shaohui's chronology, the "Book Grotto" was "facing Wushan" and "took the name of Dai Yun and used the name of Dai Yun Lou".
Xue Shaohui died in Beijing in 1911, and his son Chen Zhen and others combined Xue Shaohui's poems that he "self-deleted by hand" before his death into the "Dai Yun Lou Relic Collection", which was divided into Dai Yun Lou poetry collection, lexicon collection and anthology, for which five people wrote the cover, Yan Fu, Lin Shu, Chen Baochen, Chen Yan, and Yao Hua. These five were all famous artists at that time, and Yan Fu and Lin Shu were even more circle-breaking celebrities. The first four are all from Fuzhou, and Yao Hua is from Guiyang.
Yan Fu Lin Shu
Yan Fu (1854-1921) was the most famous translator who translated European bourgeois Enlightenment thought works into China, and was the first graduate of the navigation major of the Post-School of Ship Administration.
Lin Shu (1852-1924), whose influence at that time was no less than Yan Fu, a famous literary scholar and "translator", was famous for his "translation" "The Testament of the Lady of Paris Traviata", "has translated more than 180 kinds of works", mainly Western novels, Zheng Zhenduo statistics, Lin Shu translated a total of 171 works, the vast majority of which were published by the Commercial Press.
Lin translation is the strange translation of Lin. The reason why "translator" and "translation" are put in quotation marks here is because Lin Shu himself does not understand foreign languages, and his translation needs a collaborator, the collaborator Chinese dictated, Lin Shu himself handwritten translation, claiming to be "ear-chased, the voice has stopped", so Lin Shu's "translation" is better to say "translation" (no suitable word was found to express this form of "translation", although the title of "translation" is not accurate enough, but it seems that a more appropriate word can not be found. ）
The first combined authors were Wei Han and Wang Shouchang, followed by Wei Yi, Zeng Zonggong, Chen Jialin, Mao Wenzhong, Wang Qingtong, Wang Qingji, and Li Shizhong, of which Wei Han, Wang Shouchang, and Zeng Zonggong all graduated from the School of Shipping Administration.
Chen Shoupeng and his wife also have a number of "translation" works, the first and most famous, is Verne's "Eighty Days of Travels", similar to the translation process of Lin Translation, Chen Shoupeng dictation, Xue Shaohui transcription, the oral narrator flat and direct "literal translation", and the "translator" relies on literary style, deep processing, finished products, and the two also have a co-translation of "Double Line" and "Biography of Foreign Martyrs".
Chen Baochen Chen Yan Yao Hua
Chen Baochen (1848-1935), a native of Fuzhou, was the last emperor.
Chen Yan (1856-1937), a native of Fuzhou, was a modern writer who founded Qiushi Bao in 1897 together with Chen Jitong and Chen Shoupeng.
Yao Hua (1876-1930), the father of The Mang, Guiyang, Guizhou, after the Republic of China, served as the president of Beijing Women's Normal University, was a celebrity at that time, literature and painting, etc. were involved in many subjects, and Chen Yinsheng and Zhang Yucheng were later known as "the three masters of modern engraved copper, and at the end of the Qing Dynasty, he served as the chief of the Shipping Department of the Ministry of Postal Shipping and the chief of the Postal Department, and was a colleague of Chen Shoupeng. (Yao Hua's name, now not ringing, in fact, in the modern literati is very recognized, Wang Zengqi's article "My Teacher Shen Congwen", "let me see his Tibetan paintings, which have a set of Yao Mang's father's album, each opening of the heart is only the size of a matchbox, but they are very green and majestic, is a rare masterpiece of Yao paintings.") ”）
Chen Shoupeng is a collection of poems by his wife Xue Shaohui, and the inscriptions of the five celebrities are collected, which can be seen that Chen Shoupeng's interaction with the five celebrities is good, and it is enough to see the weight of Xue Shaohui's poems.
The death of a lone puller
"According to the French archives, as early as April, lonely pulling was contaminated with a serious tropical disease of red diarrhea, followed by severe symptoms of anemia, which was cured by all means at that time, but suddenly recurred at this time. On June 10, Gu Bao had been stripped out of shape, and his voice was extremely weak. By the 11th, his condition had worsened sharply, and he stopped breathing at 6:30 p.m. in the official cabin of the flagship "Baya" (Chen Yue, "Sino-French Naval Battle", p. 309)
(Excerpt from "Sino-French Naval Battle", Chen Yue, page 313)
He died in Penghu on June 11, 1885, nearly 10 months after the Sino-French Naval Battle of August 23, 1884. According to French records, Gu Ba died of red diarrhea, and there is no mention of the wounds inflicted at the Battle of Majiang, and the existing historical materials do not contain reliable historical records of the command of The Lone Pulling wounded in the Battle of Majiang and immediately after.
Chen Shoupeng's "death of Lone Pull" heard in France, the source is Gu Ba's subordinate official Ben, "Lone Pulling in his sleep, the hatch plate folded his left arm, injuring the threat", the credibility should not be low, lonely Pull MaJiang naval battle injuries, it is also possible, but the fatality is unknown.
If true, the Lin Shi and lions mentioned in "Man Jiang Hong" should be in the early morning of August 24, and the artillery shell wounds are lonely.
Regarding the death of Gu Ba, there are many versions of the Chinese legend, in addition to the folklore of Lin Shishi shelling Gu Ba, there are also "Missing Mouth General" (Minjiangkou's Missing Mouth Cannon) shelling, but it is most likely a folk mouth cannon, a good wish.
We cannot confirm this, nor can we falsify it.
interlude
Chen Shoupeng and the three of them were in the same boat, originally a classmate who was going to hang Chen Shoupeng and die in the Majiang Naval Battle, and the main meaning of the word "Manjiang Hong" is that in the Battle of Xiaomajiang, "Tianjiao Seeds" is not as good as "selling salt and slaughtering pigs", which is somewhat paradoxical.
Xue Shaohui's chronology records an episode on the eve of the Battle of Majiang in 1884, "Ten Years of Jiashen ... The mage suddenly entered the Minjiang River, and wanted to adjust the first mate of the ship yan chong to prepare for the battle, and the family Yan would greet him, and the first concubine laughed and said that Junshan read the yin charm, for the handsome, for the general, the situation is even more minor, obey the orders of the people?! Jia Yan also laughed, but set up a resignation, Fu Yi. ”
Chen Shoupeng in 1884, under the reminder of Xue Shaohui, did not accept the invitation to go to the post of first mate to prepare for war, and now he interprets that although he is not fighting for the country, I am afraid that this is to take the present people to ask the ancients.
If Chen Shoupeng really "filled the first mate on the ship to prepare for war", then who was hanging his classmates at night in the same boat did not know who it was?