Introduction: Shi Pingmei (1902-1928), a modern and modern Chinese writer, revolutionary activist, one of the "Four Talented Women of the Republic of China". Originally known as Rubi, because he admired the beauty of plum blossoms, he took his pen name Shi Pingmei. He has used pen names to comment on Ms. Mei, Bo Wei, Shu Xue, Bing Hua, Xin Zhu, Meng Dai, Lin Na and so on. Born in 1902 in Pingding County, Shanxi Province, he was enthusiastic about literary creation when he was studying at the Beijing Women's Higher Normal School in 1919, serialized a long travelogue "Blurred Afterglow" in the "Morning News Supplement" in September 1923, and edited the "Beijing News Supplement" with his close friend Lu Jingqing in 1924. Women's Weekly", 1926, continued to co-edit the World Journal Supplement with Lu Jingqing. Rose Weekly, died of illness on September 30, 1928. During her lifetime, Shi Pingmei created a large number of poems, essays, travelogues, and novels, especially poetry, and was known as a "famous female poet in Beijing". Most of the works are based on the pursuit of love, truth, and the desire for freedom and light. The creation of the novel is represented by "Red Mane Horse" and "Horse Hissing Wind". After her death, her works were edited by Friends such as Lu Yin and Lu Jingqing into two collections, "Tao Language" and "Accidental Grass".
Shi Pingmei "wept blood" love
Beijing. The most beautiful scenery beside Taoran Pavilion is the "Tomb of High Stone". The vicissitudes are several degrees, and the disaster still exists. A sculpture of young men and women standing side by side is the best memorial to what has been "forgotten". The tomb owner Gao Junyu was a famous political activist and theoretician in the early days of the CPC, and the main person in charge of the CPC's northern party group organization; Shi Pingmei, an important female writer and poet in the history of modern literature. The former "died before the ambition was made", and died of illness at the age of 29; the latter "fell into the mud and dusted" and died at the age of 26. They were a couple who did not hold hands before they died, but they slept together after death.
Liang Zhuhua butterfly is a myth, but Gao Shi is a reality. How did it come to this? Brushing away the dust of time, through the tunnel of time and space, we find that the deep and dark tomb is buried with a moving cry of blood.
Jindong talented woman
Shi Pingmei (1902-1928), a native of Pingding County, Shanxi. His maiden name is Yuanzhu (元珠), and his scientific name is Ru bi (汝璧). When she was a child, she liked plum paintings, and after a little longer, she called herself Mei mei and took the name "Mei Jiao". His father, Shi Ming, was a 46-year-old daughter who regarded her as a pearl in her hand and personally supervised the school. At the age of four, Xiao Pingmei could read the Three Character Classic and the Thousand Character Text, followed by the Four Books and Five Classics, the Five Ancient Seven Perfections, the Stories of the Saints, and the History of barnyard officials and wild animals. Although Shi Ming was born as a person, he was not pedantic and did not conform to the old ways. After the Xinhai Revolution, he cut off his braids and went out of the mountains to taiyuan, the provincial capital, where he served as a librarian in the provincial library and a middle school teacher. Gao Junyu and Gao Changhong were his proud disciples. At the age of 12, Shi Pingmei entered the Shanxi Provincial Women's Normal School. During her time in school, she had excellent grades in various subjects, and her calligraphy, painting, poetry, and literature were excellent. She is very good at organ playing and is well known. One spring festival, she painted a plum blossom banner with her own poem, poetry cloud:
There is no snow without the spirit of plums,
There is no poetry in the snow.
Sunset poetry into the sky and snow,
Do it with Plum and do it very spring.
This "Snow Plum Map" is well-intentioned, highlighting Mei's spirit of wind and bone. The paintings of this sixteen or seventeen-year-old girl attracted some well-known old scholars in the county to watch. She is also known as the talented daughter of Jindong. Shi Pingmei was once expelled from the school for participating in the female teachers' student tide, but the school authorities regretted her talent and resumed her student status.
Shi Pingmei experienced ups and downs, her heart was higher than the sky, but her life was as thin as paper.
In 1920, at the age of 18, Shi Pingmei was admitted to the Beijing Women's Higher Normal School. The opportunity is uncomfortable, is the year of female high school Teachers Chinese Literature Department does not enroll. In desperation, Shi Pingmei weighed his interests and read the department of physical education.
On the eve of graduation, because of the wen friends, she met Lu Yin (Huang Ying) and Lu Jingqing (Xiaolu) of the Department of Chinese Literature, and because of their similar backgrounds and similar interests, they soon became close friends and sisters. Lu Yin Changshi commented that Mei was four years old, and his father was also a lifter. She looks mediocre and calls herself the "Ugly Duckling"; but she is bold, enthusiastic, talented, and sometimes on a par with Bingxin. The relationship between Shi Pingmei and Lu Jingqing is closer. Lu Jingqing often read Shi Pingmei's poems in the newspaper, and he was very envious. When she learned that Shi Pingmei was her alumnus, she sought advice. They not only share common hobbies, but also share common ambitions. In addition, Lu Jingqing has no mother, Shi Pingmei has no brothers and sisters, and two young girls in a foreign land exchange heart songs, and their feelings are naturally above those of ordinary sisters.
At the end of 1923, Shi Pingmei graduated. Xu Shousheng, the principal of the Female High School, personally recommended her to Lin Liru, the principal of the attached middle school. Principal Lin's selection of teachers is very demanding: "We must attach equal importance to morality, technology and ability." Xu Shousheng said humorously: "I originally wanted her to serve at the school, but I saw that you had overserved the school last year, so let you please go!" Shi Pingmei was hired as the director of the women's department of the attached middle school and a physical education teacher. Because of her strong foundation in Chinese studies, she also serves as a Chinese language teacher. In her spare time, she also served as a volunteer physical education teacher at Chunming College, and was one of the teachers who taught the most hours in the school.
Shi Pingmei is diligent and conscientious in her teaching. According to her old student Li Jianwu, she said emotionally at a symposium: "I recently read a novel called "The Education of Love", and I cried after reading it. I vowed to pursue education all my life and I loved them. Shi Pingmei fulfilled his promise and worked in the attached middle school for 6 years until his death.
She used the "Premier Commemoration Week" activities to tell students about history, the nation, the integrity, the Sun Yat-sen Revolution, the Huanghuagang Seventy-Two Martyrs, and the independence and equality of women. She admired Amicis's "The Education of Love" and "nurtured classmates with intellectual sympathy." Her mantra is "Let's learn to do as much as we can for others." "Let's learn to make candles together, shall we?" To help students grow their knowledge, she donated dozens of her beloved books and built a "bookcase" for the class. Some students love to write, and she carefully tutors and teaches the secret of "three more": read more, read more, and write more. She said, "To see is to look at society and look at life; to read, is to read; to write, is to practice writing." Li Jianwu, Jian Xian'ai and Li Damuran, who later became famous writers in the history of modern literature, were all students of the attached middle school at that time, and they all had different degrees of Shi Pingmei's teachings.
Lu Yin said that Shi Pingmei was "really like a gentle big sister and treated a little sister, so no student was not affected by her." Yan Yufang, who later became a screenwriter and writer, felt the most deeply. She lost her mother at an early age, was rejected by the feudal family, and encountered hardships. Shi Pingmei led the attached middle school women's volleyball team to participate in the North China Games, and the sky was cold. Yan Yufang did not bring luggage, after the game, clothes and shoes were not taken off, fell asleep on the bed. Shi Pingmei helped her take off her shoes, afraid that she was frozen, and forcibly pulled her to share the bed with herself. Yan Yufang was moved to tears, and Shi Pingmei helped her wipe her tears and said to her: "Tell me if there is any difficulty, and I will help you." Yan Yufang said, "I have lost my maternal love for many years, and today Mr. Shi Pingmei gave it to me again!" ”
Shi Pingmei is a very dedicated teacher, she trained the women's volleyball team of the attached middle school, in 1928 in the North China Games to show their skills, won the runner-up. At that time, the "World Journal" Games picture magazine also published a group photo of Shi Pingmei and the attached middle school women's volleyball team. However, some of the small players were not convinced, believing that they deserved the championship, blamed the referee for unfairness, and asked Mr. Shi to negotiate. Shi Pingmei educated them: "Victory and defeat are common things in the military, don't be so girly, cry when you lose." At the same time, he gave encouragement: "You are junior high school students, people are college students (Yanda), you should let the big sister win this ball." You are still young, have a little ambition, practice hard, and strive to win the championship next time! Her consolation made the team members laugh.
In "Evaluating Mei's Women's Education", the veteran educator Wang Zhen praised her as a "writer, sportsman, and educator" and said that she "takes teaching sports well as a doorway to moral education."
Good people have no peace in their lives
"A good man has a peaceful life", that is a blessing. But some good people often have an unsafe life, and Shi Pingmei is. And let's go back to the old days.
The little bird on the tao river in Shanxi, Shi Pingmei, yearning for the blue sky, she wants to enter Beijing to study. Although the enlightened old father intended to let go, he could not give up, so he entrusted her to Wu Tianfang, a villager and a student at Peking University at the time, and asked him to "take more care".
Unexpectedly, this little bird that aspired to the blue sky was locked into the cage of his selfish desires by Wu Tian.
Wu Tianfang, a graduate of Peking University, is a gentleman. After he saw Hui ZhiLanxin's Shi Pingmei, he couldn't help but be moved. After he attentively and thoughtfully escorted Shi Pingmei into Beijing, he wanted to accompany her to report to the female high school, but Shi Wan refused. A few days later, he invited Shi Pingmei to visit the park and eat at the "Coming to This Rain Xuan". During the meal, when they turned the topic to plum blossoms, Wu Tianfang duly took out a stack of exquisitely printed letterheads from his bag. Each page of the note has a plum branch, with different forms, and there are "ten thousand flowers dare to come out of the snow, a tree alone before the spring", "Jiangnan has nothing, talk about giving a branch of plum" and other ancient Poetry poems, and the following is printed with the words "Commenting on plum notes". This unexpected surprise made the young girl Shi Pingmei inexplicably excited. Wu Tianfang also talked about the Southern Song Dynasty Fan Chengda's "Fan Village Plum Spectrum", personable, talented as a full of learning. Shi Pingmei asked in surprise: "I didn't expect Wu Jun to have such a deep study of plum blossom spectrum." Wu Tianfang smiled slyly: "Because I love Mei!" Shi Pingmei naturally heard the sound of the strings, although his face was shy, he couldn't help but be happy that he had found a voice. In fact, on the train that day, Wu Tian saw a plum blossom embroidered on Shi Pingmei's hand towel, guessing that she loved Mei, and after returning to Beijing, he ran to the library, read through the poems about Mei, and printed this "Commenting on Plum Notes". After that, every three to five minutes, they would always taste tea together, talk about poetry, and talk about ancient and modern. Wu Tianfang used his heart and his elegance to disturb the heart lake of the young girl Shi Pingmei. Then, Wu Tianfang or Ruler Su to make love, or telephone greetings, or flower offerings, or hand in hand outings. In addition, Wu Tianfang is working for a journal as a poetry editor, and his common interests are also wrapped in a wisp of love. Unconsciously, Wu Tian let go of Shi Pingmei's heart. In this way, Shi Pingmei said, "God mistakenly planted the flower of life under the merciless flame."
Avenues are multi-way. At a meeting of fellow villagers in Beijing and Shanxi, Shi Pingmei was shocked by a young man's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal speech. His name was Gao Junyu (1896-1925), a native of Jingle (present-day Loufu County), Shanxi, pen name Tianxin, and a teaching assistant at Peking University. When Gao Junyu was 15 years old, he was arranged by his parents to marry Li Hanxin, who was two years older than him. He resisted marriage without success, ran away from home, and was admitted to Peking University in 1916. He was the backbone of the May Fourth Movement, joined the communist group established by Li Dazhao in Beijing in 1920, and was a representative of the "First Congress" of the CPC and a member of the "Second Congress" Central Committee. When Gao Junyu learned that Shi Pingmei was the daughter of his teacher Shi Ming, he felt a sense of closeness. She adored him, and he wanted to get to know her. So there were letters and letters, first greetings and blessings, and then gradually feelings.
Speaking of Wu Tianfang, he frequently dates Shi Pingmei. Once, Shi Pingmei wanted to listen to Ai Luo Xianke's speech "Women and Their Mission", and collided with their dating time, so she rushed to Wu Tianfang's apartment a day early to inform him. A little boy at the door of the apartment was shoveling snow and playing, the child asked Shi Pingmei who she was looking for, she said "Wu Tianfang", the child said: "He is my father!" "Shi Pingmei is like five thunderbolts, and it turns out that the king has a wife!" Shi Pingmei hoped that Wu Tianfang could give himself an explanation. However, Wu Tianfang missed his wife and children, and was not willing to change the marriage pattern, but also had the luxury of continuing this private affair with Shi Pingmei. Shi Pingmei felt that this was an insult to her, and Hui Jian cut off the love thread and asked him for the love letters of the past, asking for a knife and two. Wu Tianfang was afraid of losing Shi Pingmei, soft and hard at the same time. He declared that if he did not agree, he would publish the love letter in the newspaper; suddenly he knelt at the feet of Shi Pingmei, expressing deep remorse and begging for forgiveness. Shi Pingmei is born lonely and arrogant, but has a weak personality. She was angry at Wu Tianfang's "deception", but she had pity in the face of his "pleading". This little bird, whose wings had been broken, could no longer fly out of the cage that Wu Tianfang had woven for her. She wrote in her diary: "Emotion is a devil, and whoever falls into his hands immediately becomes his captive." ”
Shi Pingmei angrily rebuked Wu Tianfang: "You ruined my life. She secretly decided that she would never fall in love again in this life, never get married, and decided to be "single." With tears and painstaking efforts, she condensed into the poem "Tired Youth":
The tangled past,
Can't guess the future?
A heart!
How did he find a quiet place?
Gao Junyu has not seen each other for a long time since the first acquaintance of the Hometown Association and Shi Pingmei. He was too busy, first organizing the Marxist Theory Research Association with Deng Zhongxia and Zhang Guotao, then joining the Beijing Communist Group founded by Li Dazhao, and then attending the "First Congress" of the Party. In January 1922, he went to the Soviet Union with Zhang Guotao, Deng Enming, and others as representatives of the Communist Party of China to attend the conference of the Comintern, and worked hard for the revolution. As a result, Shi Pingmei could not see him at several subsequent hometown meetings.
On April 15, 1923, Shi Pingmei wrote a letter to Gao Junyu in pain, in which she told her that she had "unspeakable sorrow" and instructed Gao Junyu to "follow her whereabouts in the future and study the situation" to explore the road of life in order to seek "relief" strategies. The next day, Gao Junyu replied to the letter and asked, "Why did you feel sad?" and said, "If you regard my responsibility as if you can provide relief, I am afraid that I do not have this great power?" We communicate a lot. Since then, they have passed on books, talked about revolution, and also involved emotions. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, Gao Junyu's handwritten book Liu Yuxi's "Buried Room Inscription" was given to Shi Pingmei, and Shi Pingmei pasted it on the wall. Gao Junyu subtly influenced Shi Pingmei. The feelings of love have passed through the back of the paper, and for Gao Junyu, he has fallen into the network of love and is unable to extricate himself.
In October 1923, Gao Junyu became ill due to overwork and recuperated in Xishan. He picked a red leaf and sent the inscription poem to Shi Pingmei to show his love.
The mountains and autumn colors cannot be closed,
A piece of red leaf sends acacia.
Junyu
It was collected on October 24 from The Biyun Temple in Xishan.
After receiving it, Shi Pingmei felt ashamed and friendly, she could not erase the memory of falling in love with Wu Tianfang, despairing of her vision of love, and remembering Gao Junyu's sincerity and loyalty. Unwilling to deceive him, she wrote poignantly on the back of the red leaf:
The withered flower basket did not dare to bear this bright red leaf.
Comment on Mei
Sent it back again.
A few days later, Shi Pingmei received a reply from Gao Junyu: "The returned red leaves have been received. ...... So I only correspond without looking at you, and I am afraid of this outpouring of feelings. The red leaf inscription poem, which is a child that has been conceived in a soul for a long time. However, friend, please don't be worried about the autumn leaves, you must understand that it is both sides, I still can't make you know me better, it's my fault, but there are also objective reasons for not allowing, this has to ask you to forgive..." Gao Junyu respected Shi Pingmei and had to say these insincere words.
Ivory rings are a lifetime of love
While Gao Junyu was recuperating from illness, he suddenly received a notice from his superiors asking him to attend the Kuomintang "First Congress" held in Guangzhou as a member of the Communist Party and to participate in the work of helping Dr. Sun Yat-sen reorganize the Kuomintang.
Even at this time, Gao Junyu did not stop pursuing Shi Pingmei. He may have thought that his death marriage was not over, which was disrespectful to the pursuer. At the end of 1923, he wrote to Shi Pingmei, saying that he wanted to divorce his ex-wife. Shi Pingmei objected, saying that his celibate ambition had not changed; he vaguely sympathized with Gao Junyu's ex-wife. Gao Junyu is determined, and he says that if Pingmei can't accept him, he only has two ways: "love and dead ears". "My heart has pierced through the sword of venus, but I will not weep at this arrow, and I will strive to open up a new life." Shi Pingmei was in extreme pain and contradiction, and her poem "Green Shirts, Red And Pink Drifting Zero" was a true portrayal of the state of mind at that time. She wrote "The Sword for the Hero" to encourage Junyu to be committed to revolution, "Take the blood of the world, and stain the flowers on your sword." Gao Junyu was a little disappointed, and said helplessly: "In order not to harm your loyalty to the past", he "no longer wants to be demanded by Jun." Gao Junyu's despair made Shi Pingmei deeply blame himself: "I hate myself now, why didn't I die last year, and now I am suffering myself and drowning others." ”
In February 1924, Gao Junyu was wanted by the Beiyang warlords and forced to flee, but before leaving, he still ventured to "Mei Yao" to resign. In June of that year, he resolutely went through divorce procedures with his wife Li Hanxin. When he told Shi Pingmei the news, Shi was still unmoved, and only wrote back, saying, "We can be comrades who have spent this life with our careers." This "ultimatum" made Gao Junyu "extremely miserable." He had to make a final confession to Shi Pingmei: "I have two worlds, one world everything belongs to you, I am a captive whose soul is forbidden forever; in the other world, I do not belong to you, let alone myself, I am just a pawn of historical mission." After Reading it, Shi Pingmei wrote in his diary, "I can't stand him after all!" His friend Lu Jingqing also advised Shi Pingmei, hoping that she would not live up to Junyu's bitter heart. However, to no avail.
In April 1924, Shi Pingmei suffered from scarlet fever, and Gao Junyu sent medicine and water, which was carefully taken care of. This move made Shi Pingmei grateful, but she was still reluctant to open her heart to him.
In October, gao Junyu, an assistant to Sun Yat-sen, commanded the suppression of the rebellion when his car was shot, leaving a pile of glass shards and wounding his hand. He was glad that it was difficult not to die, thinking that Shi Pingmei's birthday was coming, and bought two ivory rings, one to wear by himself and one to send to Shi Pingmei, sandwiching between the pieces of broken glass. In his epistle, he said, "May you bear it. Maybe you can't bear it, let it be like a red leaf fate. I respect your wishes, and I only hope to commemorate our ice and snow friendship with the whiteness and sturdiness of the ivory ring..." They both put the ivory ring on their hands until the last breath of life, and each brought it into the coffin. Shi Pingmei's friend Lu Yin later used this as material to write a mournful novel "Ivory Ring", which has been passed down to this day.
On December 20 of that year, Gao Junyu, who was physically and mentally exhausted, returned to Beijing and was seriously ill due to fatigue and was admitted to a German hospital.
In January 1925, Gao Junyu attended the "Four Congresses" of the party with illness, was re-elected as the "Central Committee", became acquainted with Zhou Enlai, was entrusted by Zhou to be his "red bride", and visited Deng Yingchao in Tianjin. On March 4, Gao Junyu suffered from acute cecalitis, and when Shi Pingmei visited Gao Junyu, he begged him to understand his celibacy. Gao Junyu squeezed Shi Pingmei's hand: "Zhu, rest assured." I forgive you, I can understand you until my death, and I won't love you like this when I don't forgive. But, beads! The hope of a heart is not the result of illness and death... I don't want your mercy and sympathy now, I just want you to know that there is me in the world who loves you the most..." Under The unremitting pursuit of Gao Junyu, Shi Pingmei's solid ice seemed to melt, and he comforted him in the ward: "If you can calm down and recuperate, our problems will be solved when you are well." When the victorious mast had appeared on the eastern horizon, Shi Pingmei suddenly received a letter from Wu Tianfang: "On the one hand, I congratulate you on your success; on the other hand, I am very sad and have lost my good friend... I always feel that in this world, the only thing that can comfort me is you, so if you don't marry for a day, I will be comforted every day. "The old love is unforgettable, and Shi Pingmei can't erase her first love on the balance of her heart." She "cried bitterly, and immediately went to the hospital to tell Tianxin to overturn the union she had allowed with him." Gao Junyu was really desperate, his condition deteriorated, and he was transferred to Union Hospital. In order not to let Shi Pingmei be frightened, he did not let her accompany him, and agreed to see him in three days. Unexpectedly, this is the eternal trick!
On March 5, 1925, Gao Junyu died alone due to heavy bleeding after surgery. He was only 29 years old.
After Shi Pingmei was shocked to learn the bad news of Gao Junyu's farewell to the world, he fainted several times. When Gao Junyu was buried, she took a picture of herself as a funeral. Only at this time did Shi Pingmei feel guilty, she regretted her selfishness, cowardice and ignorance, and failed to live up to Gao Junyu's affection. "In her own words, she is both a rebel against feudal etiquette and a weak person in front of the world's 'fearsome words.'" (Lu Jingqing)
The memorial service was held in the auditorium of the Third Courtyard of Peking University, presided over by Zhao Shiyan, and Attended by Li Dazhao, Deng Zhongxia, Wang Ruofei, Deng Yingchao, etc. Shi Pingmei sent a link: "The blue sea and blue sky are infinite, and I know when I will reunite with jun." At that time, the 106th issue of the Party's organ publication, The Guide, published "Mourning Our Soldiers": "His enthusiastic revolutionary spirit will always remain in this newspaper, and even more so will always remain in the memory of readers!" ”
Shi Pingmei obeyed Gao Junyu's last wishes and buried him by the Taoran Pavilion, where he engaged in revolutionary activities and where they dated and strolled. Shi Pingmei used a poem inscribed on the photo by Gao Junyu before his death, and the book was inscribed on the tombstone:
I am the sword,
I am the spark.
I may be born as bright as lightning,
I would like to die as quickly as a comet.
On the other side of the tombstone reads, "Junyu, I am powerless to hold on to your life like a comet, and I can only shed the remaining tears to your grave until I can't see you." Several remnants of poems are left on the autumn leaves, and the person who inscribed the poem has been buried. ”
Gao Junyu left, taking away Shi Pingmei's emotions and hopes. Shi Pingmei often went to Gao Junyu's cemetery to offer sacrifices and repentance. Her case contains a portrait of Gao Junyu, wearing an ivory ring he gave her, and the table is full of his manuscripts. While she buried her head in collation of Gao Junyu's writings and published them in a collection, she also wrote her love, remorse and self-blame for Gao Junyu. Her series of essays "Ivory Ring", "DreamIng Back to the Lonely Lamp" and "Tombside Lamentations" are all lines of blood and tears that reflect her emotional journey.
Gao Junyu is gone, and Shi Pingmei is still young. At that time, Shi Ming's most proud disciple, Gao Changhong, and others came to Shi Pingmei, bent on filling the gap in her soul. Shi Pingmei closed her heart tightly, and she said in a letter to Huang Xinsu: "After Yu dies, I dare not have hope in the human world. I only pray that God will allow me to repent and repent of my sins until I die! ...... Soon, I am about to go into the desolate wilderness to accompany my amorous Yu. "If during Gao Junyu's lifetime, Shi Pingmei's love for him was still wandering, after his death, it was as solid as a rock. How could she tolerate others? She, Shi Pingmei, "only incense as before." ”
Good people will eventually have good rewards
Shi Pingmei has "Red Mane Horse", "Horse Hissing Wind Record" and "Tao Language" and other legends. As Lu Yin said, the early works were relatively shallow, trapped in Qingqing and me, confined to the lamentations of the flowers and the moon. Later, "I found a way out of sorrow" and broke free of personal barriers. "Looking down at the colors of the world, with sorrow for her personal feelings, expanded into compassion for all sentient beings." "She speaks not only for herself, but also for all beings." Especially in the last two years of her life, she paid attention to society and life, and after the "March 18" massacre, she promptly wrote "Blood Corpses" exposing the brutal killing of young people by reactionary authorities, "Crying and Jane" and "Late Night Whispers" in memory of martyrs. After Li Dazhao was killed, she raised her eyebrows and wrote a book called "Guillotine". He also wrote "I Tell You, Mother" for the "Jinan Massacre", which expressed strong indignation against the Japanese Kou. In the face of the dark reality in "Sending Yellow Springs of Affection", she shouted: "I am a warrior who supports this weak body and throws myself into this bloody storm and fights forward until I die on the battlefield." ”
On September 30, 1928, Kyoto's talented daughter Ishizumei died of meningitis for only 12 days. She and Gao Junyu died in the same hospital, in the same ward, and at almost the same moment (around two o'clock in the morning).
The funeral is full of mourning. The memorial hall hangs the remains of Shi Pingmei, and two plaques are horizontally displayed above and below: "Heavenly Mourning Sven" and "Tears Sprinkled autumn wind".
Wreaths, flower baskets, ties, and drapes. Friends Lu Yin and student representatives Yan Yufang and Li Jianwu delivered eulogies. There was a lot of crying in the audience. The World Journal and others have reported on it.
When Lu Yin was sorting out Shi Pingmei's relics at the Union Hospital, she found a diary under her pillow, which contained gao Junyu's portrait and the returned red leaves. On the title page of the diary, two lines were written with a brush, which was considered a will:
Unable to live together before they die,
May you be buried in the desert hills after death!
When Gao Junyu was buried, Shi Pingmei put his own photo next to him; today, friends buried Junyu's portrait with Pingmei, and of course, the ivory ring.
Lu Jingqing, Lu Yin and other friends, according to Shi Pingmei's last wishes, buried her next to the tomb of Gao Junyu by the Taoran Pavilion. Two tombs side by side, two monuments side by side.
The shape of The tombstone of Shi Pingmei is similar to that of Gao Junyu's tomb, a four-cornered white jade sword stele with the inscription:
The tomb of Mr. Shi Pingmei, a female teacher at the affiliated school of Beijing Normal University
In the middle below the tombstone, four large characters are engraved with a seal book: "Spring Wind Green Tomb".
Zhou Enlai remembered the past, and he never forgot Gao Junyu, the predecessor and comrade-in-arms of our party; he did not forget the friendship of Gao Junyu who was loyal to him.
In the early 1950s, Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao went to Taoran Pavilion several times to hang the "Tomb of GaoShi".
In 1956, when Zhou Enlai reviewed the general urban planning plan of Beijing, he gave instructions to Tao Ranting's "Tomb of Gaoshi": "There is no contradiction between revolution and love, and it is also an education for young people." And tell gao Junyu's revolutionary deeds.
Ten years of catastrophe, the "tomb of high stone" can not escape the doom, the monument was torn down, the tomb was lifted, and the love of high stone was also flogged.
In 1973, Zhou Enlai, who was seriously ill, learned that Gao Shi's tomb had been destroyed and asked Deng Yingchao to take proper care of it. Under the care of Deng Yingchao, Gao Junyu's ashes were placed in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery, the tombstone was placed in the Museum of the Chinese Revolution; and The remains of Shi Pingmei were placed separately. When the coffin was opened, the two ivory rings were gone. However, in Shi Pingmei's burial object, she found a commonly used American Chevrolet pen and five Pingmei seals.
In 1984, the tomb of GaoShi once again stood on the shore of Taoranting Lake.
In the long years after the 1950s, there are too few records of Gao Junyu, the precursor to the revolution, in the history of our party and modern revolution; the name of Shi Pingmei in various versions of literary history is rarely mentioned. However, history is history after all. Winter goes to spring. In 1982, "Shi Pingmei's Works" was published by bibliographic literature publishing house, and Deng Yingchao wrote a preface for it. The preface reads:
Comrade Enlai and I greatly admired the love of Comrade Gao Junyu and Ms. Shi Pingmei, but they did not realize their desire to get married, but ended in the tragedy of Comrade Junyu's unfortunate death, and expressed deep sympathy.
The thought of remembrance still exists today.
Subsequently, different versions of Shi Pingmei's works and biographies have been published. In 2002, in order to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Shi Pingmei's birth, the China Academy of Arts and the Pingding County Government jointly held the "Academic Seminar on Shi Pingmei's Literary Activities and Works" in Beijing. CCTV's "Witness and Image Chronicle" also made a feature film with the title of "Gao Junyu and Shi Pingmei Taoran". Their stories were also adapted into a TELEVISION series and broadcast nationwide.
Soul Return!
And ended with the eulogy of Li Jianwu, a student of Shi Pingmei: "She herself is a poet, and her short life, as the poet sang, is only a poem, a poem full of despair and crying at the bottom of the rainbow." We see her smiling face, her joy and kindness, and we cannot detect the hatred hidden under the floating face; we see the ethereal of the lonely hong, the high and the outstanding, but we cannot hear the voice outside her voice. ”
Takashi's love is a mournful and poignant tragedy, a remnant of a lotus in the vast smoke wave love lake. "Leave the remnants to listen to the rain"!
Shi Pingmei's prose creation
The lives of the four talented women of the Republic of China are not yet twenty-seven years old; Her career was only six years. Poetry, novels, screenplays, reviews and other genres, she has mastered; But its success lies in prose. After her death, her works were edited by Lu Yin, Lu Jingqing and other friends into two collections, "Tao Language" and "Accidental Grass", which were published by Shengjing Bookstore (later changed to Beixin Bookstore) and Cultural Bookstore. In 1983, the Beijing Bibliographic Literature Publishing House compiled and published a three-volume "Collection of Works of Shi Pingmei". The first volume is prose, including "Tao Language", "Accidental Grass", and works that have not been included in the past; The second volume is poetry and novels; The third volume is a script, a long travelogue, and a letter. In the same year, the Shanxi People's Publishing House published a comprehensive "Selected Works of Stone Commentaries".
Shi Pingmei, a modern thin-lived talented woman, is being familiar and loved by more and more contemporary readers.
Love and sorrow, and tears together to judge The stone commented that Mei once said: "It is to experience life by throwing yourself into tragedy." ”
Her life was a very beautiful tragedy. However, her years are indeed too hurried, and for this great work of life, she has just read the "Love Chapter", "Friendship Chapter", and "BitterNess Chapter", and is about to use her intelligent and sensitive mind to touch all aspects of life more broadly and deeply, and this life masterpiece suddenly closed. Therefore, in Shi Pingmei's prose, although there are also descriptions of "external events", "bloody storms", and natural scenery, such as: "After the suspension of the report, the female teacher's university - Jingqing on the shore of The Cui Lake", "The experience of the great tragedy of the female teacher - sending a message to Jingqing", "Blood corpse", "Crying and Jane", "In the infinite red smoke and dust", etc., it is written about major social events; "Trenches", "Social Drama", "The Noble Lady Who Came by Chance", "Dong Erjie", etc., wrote about social life and the world; The long travelogue "The Vague Afterglow - The Travelogue of the Second Group of Domestic Tour Groups of the Female High School", "The Afterglow of Yanxia", etc., writes about the observations of the southern journey and the scenery of the western suburbs of Beijing, including many excellent works; However, from the overall point of view, she wrote the most and the best, or the three major themes of love, friendship and bitterness.
Love, which is the theme of Shi Pingmei's lyricism dipped in blood and tears, constitutes the essence of the author's prose.
Most of Shi Pingmei's love words are written after the curtain of her love tragedy falls, so it has a strong memory and reflection color. Memories and reflections make its lyricism more lingering and profound. In Shi Pingmei's pen, we clearly read a grief-stricken and remorseful heart, in loneliness and misery, alone tracking, interpreting, and chewing on that beautiful and painful, unforgettable and unforgettable dust dream: in front of the hospital bed, she and Jun Yu looked at each other with tears in their eyes, and their hearts were tacit ("The Last Scene"); Under the sunset of Taoran Pavilion, she and JunYu walked side by side, talking low and low ("I Only Buried the Desolate Hill Alone"); On a stormy night, Jun Yu comes to visit the sick Ping mei at a critical moment of escaping the persecution of the enemy ("Storm Night"); On that miserable and lonely night, she sat alone under the lamp, with the remains of JunYu in front of her, silently bowing her head and weaving a rope robe until she fell asleep on the table ("Father's Rope Robe"); On the snowy day, she drove alone to Taoran Pavilion, stepped on the snow across the small bridge, came to the tomb of Junyu, held the tombstone, called low, and the hot tears melted the snow beside her, and when she left, she also wrote the three words "I came" with her fingers on the stone table covered by snow, and then decided to leave ("I only buried the desolate mound alone"); In the time when the snow is paved and the new moon is in the sky, her intestines are broken, she weeps and cries, and hates that she cannot use her tears to save Junyu in the tomb and recall the soul of the deceased ("Broken Heart Broken Tears Into Ice"); She faced the coffin, shaking the lamp, full of remorse. She scolded herself: "For several years of ice and snow friendship, until now we have only won hatred for eternity, and weep in the coffin!" She complained about the deceased: "Why don't you bleed to death on the battlefield, why don't you die in prison?" But you want to smile at the corpse in the rose bush, let the needle penetrate your heart, let the blood bury your body, stand in front of your corpse to mourn and cry, not the people of the whole country, but a person with a different embrace and a deep love for you. ("After the Dream Returns to the Lonely Lamp") Whether it is blame or special people, it comes from her wise heart and is full of affection.
On the Qingming Festival in 1927, she wrote a gripping "Tombside Lament" on the side of the tomb of Gao Junyu in Taoranting to pay tribute to the undead. She would like to lie drunk next to the tombstone, let the frost dew invade, and never wake up again.
When we read these sad and lamented love confessions, it is not difficult to find that in Shi Pingmei's concept of love, there is certainly a modern consciousness with personality liberation as the core; But what is more precipitated is the traditional cultural and moral factors. Her emotional world is basically closed; Her lyrical approach is basically self-sufficient. Like those red-faced and talented women of Chinese dynasties, they regard love as a spiritual and emotional "holy relic", wind and rain, self-pity and self-hatred; Deep in the countryside, self-pity and self-pity, chewing on the taste of sweetness and misery. Perhaps it is the complexity of this love psychology that makes Shi Pingmei's love talk with a strong classical entanglement. You see: put on the robe embroidered with butterflies, and walk to the dressing table blocked by the dust net. scold! In the mirror, I saw my haggard face, like a pale and withered pear blossom trembling in the wind and rain.
I love, I originally wanted to recover that beautiful face, sacrifice to your grassy tomb, who knows that the buds of youth have been buried with you.
This mood, this charm, this atmosphere, and even this imagery will have a harmonious resonance for the hearts of readers who have accumulated classical Chinese culture psychologically.
Friendship and family affection constitute the second theme of Shi Pingmei's prose. Shi Pingmei, who has been regarded as a pearl in the palm of her hand by her parents since childhood, naturally has a deep attachment to her parents; When the storm of life hits, parental affection is the protection of his soul. Not only like "Mother" and "Return", she wrote a piece of her affection for her parents; Even in cases like "Father's Rope" and "Sorrow after Waking Up"; In these essays that mourn Junyu, there are also calls to parents from time to time: she said, "After Tianxin's death, I have completely knelt down under my parents' seats"; She told her mother about her "strange dream."
Of course, in the miserable rain of life, it is still Lu Yin and Lu Jingqing who give Shi Pingmei relief and comfort from time to time. Their friendship is an "ark" in the sea of their hardships, and therefore the common theme of their prose.
Like "Yu Wei", "Lu Sha", "Mei Yin", "Shu Yu", "Su Xin", "To Lu Yin", "Sending Yu Xiao in the Mountains", "Jing Jun", "Sending the Seaside Deceased" in Shi Pingmei's prose, etc., are all the voices of friendship.
In this type of prose, she conveys each other's messages to friends, exposes her secrets, and pours out her inner bitterness; At the same time, she deeply sympathizes with and comforts the pain and misfortune of others. Try to read his "Sending the Seaside Deceased", this article was written in the year after Gao Junyu's death, it is obvious that the trauma of Shi Pingmei's soul has not yet fully healed, but she is comforting the unfortunate Lu Sha. She said: "Half a year, the silence of our message is my intentional isolation, you who are struggling in this fierce wind and waves, you who are spreading in this bitter weeping, I hope that at this time you will not think of me, and I will reluctantly forget you." I wish you to cover your tears and look at the flame of your life, from the remnants to the ashes, and then from the mourning of mourning the ashes of death, ambush another fire, and erupt the flame of your future life. He also advised Lusha not to "be depressed and annihilate your literary genius and wonderful spiritual thoughts", and hoped that she would "be able to extricate herself from grief and decadence", and use her own trauma and experience life to vent her resentment for "friends who have suffering and cannot speak", which is also a good deed that she hopes to use this repentance to pin on.
Shi Pingmei and his close friends, the same as the "fallen people at the end of the world", although they are scattered and impermanent, but their hearts are always connected and comforted: they hold hands and rely on each other in this "empty and empty world", holding hands and leaning on each other, in the corner of the world, whispering their fate in the same voice, only they "understand the lament of the lone goose" and "understand the sad song of the nightingale", and understand each other. ("Little Apple").
Shi Pingmei's birth and experience are destined to accompany sorrow and tears throughout her life. Her prose is her delicate, sharp, sentimental heartstrings, trembling in the bitter rain of life.
The root of Shi Pingmei's sorrow comes from the contradiction between ideal and reality, as well as from her own psychological conflict. The former is inherently incapable of changing; The latter is more difficult to surpass. The tragedy of her love is, in essence, a psychological tragedy.
Therefore, in love, on the one hand, she loves so persistently; On the one hand, she loved so much.
Feelings and reason, love and morality, always at war in the heart; But in the end, he failed to break through the barriers he had built and achieve self-transcendence. It was not until after Gao Junyu's death that she realized the "mistake of being too serious in life before"; However, this "enlightenment" does not achieve true liberation from the shackles of thought; Instead, she bound herself to another traditional concept, and she wanted to be a "martyr" and use self-sacrifice to compensate for her love debt. This could not help but cause her to continue to struggle in the pain of love.
In terms of her outlook on life, Shi Pingmei also showed contradictory bitterness. She said that her mood, "sometimes calm like an old monk meditating next to an ancient Buddha, sometimes rushing like a war horse galloping on the battlefield, sometimes a flowing spring, sometimes a pool of ice lakes; Therefore, sometimes even in the mountains, she will feel a kind of hustle and bustle similar to the city, and in the city she will be as lonely as if she were in the mountains."
She sometimes fantasizes about dominating fate: "Fate is the mud in our hands, and the casting of all life is like the mud in our hands", "How do we shape ourselves?" Also only care about ourselves"; But in turn, I fell into the pessimism of fate: "I also feel that in these many years, only fate has molded me, how dare I cast fate." She said that she would like to be a "galloping horse", carrying her life on a small saddle, trampling over the axis of the world, flying the dust and sand of the universe", so that the whole world shakes at her feet, and the whole universe is destroyed under her iron hooves; However, she could not become a Pegasus in the end, because she was not a Pegasus, and whenever she saddled herself to drive to the enemy, there was always a human bondage that made her ruin her clothes and sigh. She ever wondered whether it was society or herself who caused her fate? In the end, she could not find the answer: she also tried to explore the end of life, and also did not get the answer. She felt the confusion of faith; She even had doubts about the love she was obsessed with pursuing, she said: "The only nourishment for young people is love, but I first doubt love", thinking: what "sweet, lost love, sea oath mountain alliance, life and death are the same fate", this set is "deception", "a big deception in the universe", only "emptiness" is "eternal", therefore, she wants to live in "emptiness", and put her heart into "emptiness" ("To Lu Yin") It can be said that Shi Pingmei's prose is the struggle and cry of her soul.