LongXian is a county under the administration of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, located in the western part of the Guanzhong Plain and northwest of Baoji City. It is bordered by Qianyang County to the east, Chencang District to the south, and Qingshui County, Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County, Pingliang City, Huating County, Chongxin County and Lingtai County of Gansu Province to the northwest. There are 10 towns under its jurisdiction, between 106°26′32"-107°8′11"E longitude and 34°35′17"-35°6′45"N latitude, with a width of 57.6 km from north to south, 59.7 km from east to west, and a total area of 2277 square kilometers. According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Longxian County is 208482 people.
Longxian was called Longzhou in ancient times, because it was located in the east of Longshan Mountain, and got its name, Qin Xiang built the capital, Han set up Longguan, known as "Qin Capital Hanguan", is the first Xiongguan in the west out of Chang'an on the ancient Silk Road. Longxian has a good ecology, with a forest coverage rate of 60% and 49 large and small rivers, known as the "faucet" of Guanzhong, and is an important ecological barrier in western Shaanxi and a water source conservation area in Baoji City. Guanshan Grassland has the reputation of "Oriental Emmental, Chinese Three-dimensional Grassland", The Taoist holy land longmen cave is revered as the "Longmen Ancestral Garden", Longzhou Shehuo and Longzhou shadow puppetry are unique, and have the reputation of "treasure house of folk art".
In 2019, the GDP of Longxian County was 9.155 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 1.863 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 3.763 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry was 3.529 billion yuan, the proportion of the tertiary industry was 20.4:41.1:38.5, and the per capita GDP was 36331 yuan according to the resident population. In 2020, Longxian achieved a GDP of 10.03 billion yuan, an increase of 6.5%; the investment in fixed assets in the whole society was 15 billion yuan, an increase of 11%; the local fiscal revenue was 140 million yuan, an increase of 5%; and the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents was 31,730 yuan and 13,019 yuan, an increase of 7.5% and 8.5% respectively.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="58" > history</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="60" > the origin of the place name</h1>
Longxian was called Longzhou in ancient times, and was named because it was located on the eastern slope of Longshan Mountain. Yuanhe County Chronicle, Volume II: Longzhou "got its name from the mountain".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="62" > construction history</h1>
Xia and Shang "YuGong" contained in the territory of Yongzhou.
At the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou implemented a system of sub-feudalism, and the area around the upper reaches of the Huan River became a fief of yaguo. In the eighth year of King Xiao's reign (890 BC), the Qin chieftain Feizi made meritorious contributions to raising horses for the Zhou Dynasty between Feng and Wei, and in the thirteenth year (885 BC), FengFeizi was made a vassal and built the city of Qin on the shores of the Fanshui River (present-day Mo'eryuan, a dentistry township). In the sixth year of King You of Zhou (776 BC), Duke Xiang of Qin (a grandson of the fifth generation of his sons) moved the capital to Fengyi (present-day Zhengjiagouyuan, SoutheastErn Town).
Spring and Autumn, the land west of Qin Lingqi, belongs to Qin. In the fourth year of Duke Wen of Qin (762 BC), the capital was established in Fengyi for 14 years. Qin Mugong (659-621 BC) established the capital in the present-day southeast town of Goujiagou Village. In the twelfth year of Qin Xiaogong (350 BC), the county system was implemented, and the county system was changed to Wangyi County.
Qin, after Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms, still set up a county, which belongs to the internal history.
At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the western part of Fenfeng County was set up in Yuyi County (present-day Guguan Street East).
In the fourth year (23 years) of the New Mangdi Emperor, Yuyi County was changed to Yuping County, which belonged to the Right Fufeng.
The Eastern Han Dynasty abolished Yuping County and merged its jurisdiction into Fan County. In the sixth year of Emperor Zhongping (189), The county was changed to Han'an Commandery (汉安郡, in the northwest of present-day Baoji City). When the emperor was presented, the county was withdrawn, and the county was restored to the right fufeng.
At the beginning of the Three Kingdoms of Cao Wei, the jurisdiction of Kui Mi County was merged into Fan County.
During the Taikang period of the Western Jin Dynasty (280-289), it was divided into the western part of Feng County, and Longguan County was established at the former site of Yuyi County, which was later abolished, and the jurisdiction was still vested in Feng County, which belonged to Fufeng County.
In the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, in the first year of Zhao Jianping (330), Longdong Commandery was established in Fan County, and retreated. In the second year of Jianping (331), part of the territory west of Qianhe in Chencang County (present-day Chencang District) was transferred to the jurisdiction of Feng County, which belonged to Fufeng County.
In the second year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (436), Eastern Qin Prefecture was established in Fan County, and Longdong Commandery was re-established. Eastern Qin Prefecture led to 3 counties such as Longdong. In the first year of the Taiping Zhenjun (440), the Eastern Qin Prefecture was changed to Southern Qin Prefecture. In the fourth year of the Taiping Dynasty (443), it was abolished, and Longdong Commandery was transferred to Jing Prefecture (泾州, in modern Jingchuan, Gansu). In the sixth year of taiping zhenjun (445), it was changed to Fanyin County. In the second year (517) of Emperor Xiaoming's reign, the southern part of Yin County was placed in Nanyugukou (南由谷口) in Nanyu County (present-day Xiangquan Township, Baoji County), which was assigned to Wudu Commandery (治所苑川县, jinchencang County). In the third year of Zhengguang (522), parts of Qi Prefecture and Jing Prefecture were divided into Huanyin County, and Eastern Qin Prefecture was re-established, and the seat of governance was Wangyin County, which still led 3 counties. In the second year of Xiaochang (526), in the southeast of Jianfengyin County, Changshe County was established at the mouth of the Changshe River (present-day xiangquan Township, Baoji County), which belonged to Longdong County, Eastern Qin Prefecture. In the third year of Xiaochang (527), Eastern Qin Prefecture was occupied by Wan Qian ugly slaves. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Xiaowu (532), emperor Xiaowu restored the prefectures, counties, and counties in the village of Baozishen in present-day Duyang Township. Eastern Qin Prefecture still has 3 original counties, including The Seat of The Yin County, and longdong County, which leads to the yin and Changsnake counties.
In the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Wen of Western Wei (538), Nanyu County was abolished and its jurisdiction was merged into Fanyin County. In the second year of the abolition of Emperor Yuan Qin (553), the name of Wangyin County was changed to Duyang County, and the Eastern Qin Prefecture was changed to Longzhou, and the seat of Duyang County was ruled, and the name of Longzhou began. Lingpingliang, Longdong 2 counties. Longdong County is dominated by Duyang and Changsnake Counties.
In the second year of the Northern Zhou Ming Emperor (558), due to the avoidance of flooding, the prefecture, county, and county seat were moved to the site of the present county. In the fourth year of Emperor Wu's reign (569), Longzhou was incorporated into Qi Prefecture. In the fifth year of Tianhe (570), Changshe County was divided into Wangyang County and Fengyang County. Soon, the county was withdrawn, and The county was still part of Longdong County. In the second year of the elephant (580), Duyang County was changed to Fanyin County, Nanyu County was restored, Longzhou was restored, and the seat of Wangyin County was restored. It leads to 2 counties of Longdong and Pingyuan, and 4 counties of Longdong County: Yin, Changsnake, Nanyou and Wangyang.
In the third year of Emperor Wen of Sui's reign (583), he abolished Longdong Commandery (龍東郡) and took the county as a prefecture. Changsnake County was abolished, and the jurisdiction was merged into Nanyu County, which was later divided and re-established. In the fifth year (585), the county was changed to Fengyuan County. In the eighteenth year of the Kai Emperor (598), Changsnake County was renamed Wushan County. At the end of the Kai Emperor, Nanyu County was changed to Qi Prefecture. In the third year of Emperor Zhao's reign (607), Longzhou was abolished, and Fengyuan, Wushan, and Fengyang were transferred to Fufeng Commandery. In the second year of Yining (618), Longdong Commandery was re-established and the seat of The Seat of Fengyuan County was established.
In the first year of Tang Wude (618), Longdong Commandery was changed to Longzhou (陇州), which governed The County of Fengyuan (汧源), which led to four counties: Fengyuan, Fengyang, Wushan, and Huating (in present-day Gansu Province). In the first year of Wu De (618), Han Prefecture was established in Nanyu County, which was abolished in the fourth year (621), and Nanyu County was restored to Longzhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Longzhou was changed to Fengyang Commandery (汧阳郡), which governed Fengyuan County. In the first year of the Qianyuan Dynasty (758), it was restored to Longzhou, and the seat of government was Fengyuan County, which led to five counties: Fengyuan, Fengyang, Wushan, Nanyou, and Huating. In the second year of the First Yuan Dynasty (761), Wushan County was changed to Huashan County, and later renamed Wushan County. In the third year of Yuan He (808), Huating County was abolished, and the jurisdiction was merged into Fengyuan County, nanyou County was abolished, and the jurisdiction was merged into Wushan County. Longzhou is home to 3 counties: Wushan, Fengyuan and Fengyang.
After five generations, the Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou still set up Longzhou, which governed The County of Fengyuan and the three counties of Yinyang, Fengyuan, and Wushan. Later Zhou Shizong Xiandezhong (946-959), divided the northwestern part of Fengyuan County and restored Huating County, which was still under the jurisdiction of Longzhou.
In the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty (968), the western part of Wushan County was divided into Long'an County in the southern part of The County. At the beginning of the Taiping Revival (976), Huating County was changed to Pingliang Province. Longzhou led the four counties of Fengyuan, Fengyang, Wushan and Long'an, and governed Fengyuan County. In the fifth year of Xining (1072), Longzhou was changed to Qinfeng Road.
At the beginning of the Jin Dynasty, Qinfeng Road was changed to Xiqin Road, Long'an and Wushan Counties were abolished, and the jurisdiction was merged into Fengyuan County. In the 27th year of Dading (1187), Fengxiang Road was established in the east of The Qin Road, and Longzhou was changed to Fengxiang Road, and Wushan County was restored. In the eighth year of Taihe (1208), Long'an County was re-established. Longzhou led the four counties of Fengyuan, Fengyang, Wushan and Long'an, and governed Fengyuan County.
At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Longzhou was changed to Gongchang Road. In the seventh year of the Reign of the Emperor Shizu (1270), the two counties of Wushan and Long'an were abolished, and the jurisdiction was merged into Fengyuan County. Longzhou led to two counties, Fengyuan and Fengyang, and the administrative office was still set up in Fengyuan County. In November of the fourth year of Yanhu (1317), Fengyuan County was abolished, and the jurisdiction was directly administered by Longzhou, leading to a county of Fengyang.
In the second year of The Ming Dynasty (1369), Longzhou was subordinate to The Shaanxi Chengcheng Envoy Si Fengxiang Prefecture and led a county of Fengyang. In the 38th year of Jiajing (1559), Fengyang County was changed to Fengxiang Province, and Longzhou still belonged to Fengxiang Province.
In the second year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1663), Longzhou was transferred to the jurisdiction of Fengxiang Province.
In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Longzhou was changed to LongXian County, which belonged to Guanzhong Province. In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), the provincial system was abolished, and the county was led by the province, and Long County was directly under the Shaanxi Provincial Government. In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Ninth Administrative Inspector's Office of Shaanxi Province (Fengxiang). In the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), the Office of the Ninth Administrative Inspector moved to Baoji, and Longxian still belonged to its leadership.
After the founding of New China, with the approval of the State Council, in November 1958, the establishment of Qianyang County was abolished, and the territory was transferred to Longxian County, and the county Gong and Xinjie societies under the jurisdiction of Longxian County were transferred to the municipal administration. In September 1961, Qianyang County was restored, and the jurisdiction of Longxian County remained the same. [6]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="89" > administrative divisions</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="91" > zoning history</h1>
Map of Long County
Before the Ming Dynasty, there was no examination. Qianlong Thirty-one Years (1766) "Reconstruction of Fengxiang Fu Zhi" recorded that Longzhou 29 li, belonging to the county one, known as Wangyang, Jiajingzhong, analysis of The Fu. The local household of Longzhou is 28 miles. In the 38th year of the Qianlong Dynasty (1773), Longzhou was divided into 3 townships, with jurisdiction over 28 li, 381 jia, and 55 village forts.
At the beginning of the Republic of China, LongXian followed the administrative divisions of the Qing Dynasty. In the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), the armor protection system was implemented, with 6 districts, 17 joint guarantees, 201 guarantees, and 1948 A.
In July 1949, Longxian was liberated. At the beginning of August, 12 district offices and 1 Chengguan municipal government were established. Subsequently, the two districts of Chisha and Xiangquan were placed under the jurisdiction of Baoji, and Guguan District was added as 11 districts, 1 city and 65 townships. In June 1950, the new neighborhood was placed under the jurisdiction of Gonggong and Badu Districts, and the southeast district was placed under the jurisdiction of Chengguan City and Duyang District respectively, with 9 districts, 1 city, 60 townships, and 445 administrative villages. On May 27, 1951, the name of Chengguan City was abolished, and the districts were named in ordinal numbers from east to west, and the district government organs were district offices. On October 30, 1952, 14 townships in 3 districts of Xinjie, Southeast and Caojiawan were added, and 74 townships in 12 districts were added in Longxian County.
In 2011, Longxian county had jurisdiction over 12 towns and 1 management committee.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="97" > the current status of the district</h1>
As of 2019, LongXian has jurisdiction over 10 towns. The Longxian People's Government is stationed at No. 75 East Street, Chengguan Town.
<col>
Statistical zoning codes
name
610327100000
Cheng
610327101000
Dongfeng Town
610327102000
Badu Town
610327104000
Southeast Town
610327106000
Warm water town
610327107000
Tiancheng Town
610327108000
Caojiawan Town
610327109000
Guguan Town
610327112000
Hebei Town
610327113000
The town of Shinjikawa
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="121" > geographic environment</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="123" > location realm</h1>
Longxian is located in the western marginal area of the Weibei Plateau (the eastern foothills of Guanshan), east of Qianyang County, south of Chencang District, northwest of Gansu Province Tianshui City Qingshui County, Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County, Pingliang City Huating County, Chongxin County, Lingtai County, between 106 ° 26 ′ 32 " - 107 ° 8 ′ 11 "east longitude, 34 ° 35 ′ 17 " - 35 ° 6 ′ 45 "north latitude, 57.6 km wide from north to south, 59.7 km long from east to west, with a total area of 2277 square kilometers.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="127" > topography</h1>
Longxian is one of the few counties with diverse landform types and complex terrain fragmentation, it is located between Guanshan and Qianshan in the western part of the Weibei Plateau, and its county seat is located in the middle of the Qianhe Valley, with a total terrain of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Longxian has 3429 large and small mountains, 1746 large and small ditches, four major rivers, and 64 major tributaries of the four rivers, of which the largest thousand rivers flow from northwest to southeast, diagonally through the middle of the county, and the remaining three flow to the south and north, staggering and cutting, naturally forming a mountain overlap, ravines and ravines, liangya valley slopes, and a complex terrain that rises and falls. The formation of these complex and diverse types is the result of the comprehensive action of various natural conditions, and the dominant factors are geological conditions, followed by climate and other external forces. The geological conditions of Longxian are complex, and the geological structure system represents the synthesis of different structural forms, and the territory can be divided into five geomorphological units: Qianshan Low Hills, Loess Liang Gully Area, Hegu Stage Area, Guanshan Mountain Area, Liupan Hilly Hilly Mountain Area, and Jingfu Mountain District.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="129" > climate</h1>
Longxian belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate zone, and the territory can be roughly divided into three climate zones from north to south according to the characteristics of the topography and landform:
1. Semi-arid and mild climate zone in the north; 2. Cool semi-humid zone in shallow mountains in central and southern China; 3. Humid and cold zone in zhongshan in the south.
In the Chuandao area where the county seat is located, the annual average annual temperature is 10.7 °C, the average accumulated temperature of ≥0 °C is 4000 °C, the average accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 °C is 3400 °C; the average annual rainfall is 600.1 mm; the frost-free period is 200 days; the average annual sunshine is 2033.3 hours, the sunshine percentage is 46%, the average sunshine during the ≥0 °C is 1605.5 hours, and the average sunshine during the ≥ 10 °C is 1103.8 hours.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="133" > hydrology</h1>
The rivers in Longxian County belong to the two major river systems of weihe and jinghe. The area of the Weihe River Basin is 2174.9 square kilometers, accounting for 95.62% of the total land area of the county, and the basin area of the Jing River system is 99.7 square kilometers, accounting for 4.38% of the county's land area. Rivers are characterized by abundant runoff resources and uneven regional distribution, large seasonal and interannual variability, and strong erosion of surface water.
1. The Weihe River system
A Thousand Rivers
It is the main river in Longxian County, originating from Miaolingliang, Ma'an Township, Huating County, Gansu Province, entering from the Tangjia River in Guguan Township in the western part of the county, and exiting into Qianyang County at the junction village of Dongfeng Town. It runs through the east and west of the county, and the length of the river is 68.8 kilometers. The average ratio of the riverbed is 1:135, and the river channel is wide and there are more floodplains. The basin area is 1957.9 square kilometers, accounting for 90% of the total area of the Weihe River basin in the county and 85.60% of the county's land area. The annual runoff is 330 million cubic meters, and the annual average flow is 5.6 cubic meters per second. The upper reaches of the Qianhe River are larger than the drop, the water flow is rapid, it belongs to the granite, limestone, sandstone, gneiss mountainous area, the vegetation is good; the lower river valley terraces are wider, the land is fertile, the irrigation conditions are better, and it is a suitable agricultural area. There are 24 tributaries flowing into the Qianhe River on the north side and 25 on the south side. There are 10 rivers with a basin area of more than 100 square kilometers, including Shiguangou River, Xianyi River, Puyu River, Daduyanggou River, Lilin River, Xiakou River, Yangjia River and Sujia River, of which 7 are the main ones.
Distributed on the north side are:
North River
Originating from Yanglingzi in Huozhaozhai Township, it is formed by the confluence of five tributaries of Lijia River, Xiakou River, Tianjia River, Wenshuigou River and Water Galaxy, and enters the Qianhe River 0.5 kilometers east of the county town, with a length of 35.3 kilometers. The basin area is 413 square kilometers, the maximum peak flow is 653 cubic meters per second, and the average flow is 2.36 cubic meters per second. The Harvest Reservoir, with a capacity of 1,196,100 cubic meters, is located upstream of the tributary.
Daduyanggou River
It originates from Dayanwan Village in Hebei Township and enters Qianhe in Baozishen Village, Duyang Township, with a length of 23.4 kilometers. The basin area is 95.8 square kilometers, and the average flow rate is 0.55 cubic meters per second. The maximum flood flow is 108.1 m3/s.
Shiguangou River
Originating from Shangguan Township, Huating County, Gansu Province, it enters from Xinjichuan Township and flows into the Qianhe River in Caojiawan Township, with a length of 19.3 kilometers, a basin area of 133.4 square kilometers, and an average flow of 0.42 cubic meters per second.
The above three rivers are seasonal rivers, all originating from the northern Qianshan Loess Hilly And Gully Area, which is longitudinal and transverse, the terrain is broken, and the loess is covered. During the rainstorm season, the river rises sharply, the mud and sand fall, the rain falls, the sand is shallow, it dries up in the event of drought, and the stream is cut off.
Distributed on the south side are:
Salty River
It originates from Songlingou in Guanshan Township and flows into the Qianhe River in Liuqu Village, Caojiawan Township, with a length of 33.5 kilometers. The basin area is 163.2 square kilometers, and the average flow rate is 1.04 cubic meters per second.
Puyu River
It originates from Magou in Guanshan Township and flows into the Qianhe River in Weijiazhuang Village, Tiancheng Township, with a length of 35.8 kilometers. The basin area is 176.3 km², with an average flow of 1.12 m3/s.
Lilin River (also known as Pule River)
Its upper reaches are the Badu River. It originates from Nianpan Village in Badu Township and flows into the Qianhe River in Xigou Village, Dongfeng Town, with a length of 37.6 kilometers. The basin area is 218.9 square kilometers, and the average flow rate is 1.39 cubic meters per second.
Changgou River
It is another tributary of the Wei river system. Originating from Yeziwa, Malu Township, Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County, Gansu Province, it enters 300 meters down from the Mogou Gate in Guanshan Township, and leaves 1.3 kilometers south of Yangwan Village, which is called Malu River in the upper reaches and Changgou River in the county. The length of the river is 15 kilometers, and the basin area is 210 square kilometers. Located in the Middle of Guanshan Gorge, flowing through Fanjiatai Village and other places, the vegetation is good and the soil erosion is relatively light.
Second, the Jing River system
The rivers in Longxian County that belong to the Jing River system are the Dahei River and the Daxi River.
The Great Black River
It originates from the Wangjia River in Xinjichuan Township. It is formed by the Confluence of Shiyao River, Xiayaowan River, Nanchuan River, Xiangyang River, Liujia River and other rivers. It passes through Huating County, Gansu Province, and enters the Jing River in Chongxin County. The length of the river is 7 kilometers, and the basin area is 22.2 square kilometers.
Daxi River
It originates from Hanjiagou in Lijiahe Township. It is formed by the confluence of streams such as East and West Ditch, Baishi Ditch, South Ditch and Houjiasi Ditch, and is distributed in a network, and enters the Jing River in Lingtai County, Gansu Province. The length of the river is 10 kilometers, and the basin area is 77.5 square kilometers.
The above two rivers mostly flow through the laterite hilly area formed by the sand and gravel, with poor vegetation, strong seasonality and serious soil erosion.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="162" > natural disasters</h1>
The terrain in Longxian is complex, the climate is changeable, and natural disasters are frequent. Drought, hail and rain and flood disasters are the mainstay, followed by flood and wind disasters, and diseases, insects, animals and other disasters occur from time to time in local areas.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="164" > natural resources</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="166" > water resources</h1>
surface water
Longxian's surface water resources include two parts: self-produced runoff and inbound runoff. The total annual runoff guarantee rate of flat water is 50%, which is 590 million cubic meters; the guarantee rate is 75%, which is 460 million cubic meters. Among them: the self-produced runoff with a guarantee rate of 50% is 420 million cubic meters, and the inbound water volume is 170 million cubic meters; the self-produced water with a guarantee rate of 75% is 320 million cubic meters, and the inflow water is 140 million cubic meters. When the guarantee rate is 50% and 75%, the Qianhe water system accounts for 84.83% and 84.63% of the county's self-produced water, accounting for 29.41% and 30% of the total runoff in the county. Due to the limitations of terrain conditions, the utilization rate of self-produced water is low. The guarantee rate of available water in The Qianhe River is 50% and 75%, which are 160 million cubic meters and 120 million cubic meters respectively, accounting for 44% and 45% of the water produced by the Qianhe River.
groundwater
The main sources of groundwater recharge in Longxian are natural and artificial. Natural recharge includes atmospheric precipitation, lateral runoff, and river infiltration recharge. Artificial recharge includes channel leakage and irrigation regression infiltration recharge. The county's total supply is 7241. 940,000 cubic meters, the recoverable capacity is 3116. 290,000 cubic meters, its distribution according to the rock nature and spatial distribution of the water layer is divided into three types: clastic rock pore fracture water, carbonate rock fracture karst water, loose rock pore water.
Water
The river in the southwest of Longxian County has a small sediment content, a larger than a drop, a high drop, and great development value. According to estimates, the theoretical hydraulic reserves of rivers in the county are more than 115,000 kilowatts, and the exploitable amount is more than 42,000 kilowatts. At the end of 1990, there were 29 hydropower stations with an installed capacity of 3241 kilowatts, accounting for only 31.3% of the recently developable capacity. In 1991, the State Council issued a notice listing Longxian as one of the 200 rural primary electrification counties in rural hydropower during the Eighth Five-Year Plan period.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="173" > plant resources</h1>
The vegetation of Longxian County belongs to the deciduous broad-leaved forest area, and the dividing line between the warm temperate zone and the temperate zone passes through the northwest of the county, and 20% of the area of Longxian County is divided into the grassland area of the central Loess Plateau in the northern temperate zone, and the rest of the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest zone is divided into two sub-belts: the sub-zone of deciduous oak forest in the northern part of the warm temperate zone and the sub-zone of the southern tribe of the warm temperate zone. There are 1042 species of plants in the vegetation area of Longxian County, including 352 species of pasture grass and 385 species of trees.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="175" > animal resources</h1>
Longxian is located in the Ancient Northern Boundary, but it is also close to the Eastern Boundary. In the fauna, it is at the intersection of the five regions of North China, Mengxin, Qinghai-Tibet, Central China and Southwest China. Except for the desert species distributed in Central Asia that cannot penetrate the territory, the animal species distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in northern Eurasia and southern China can be extended here, which is a transitional area with more complex animal species. In 1979, the Shaanxi Institute of Zoology conducted a fauna survey of mammals at the Badu, Guanshan and Guguan selection points in the Guanshan area, and found that there were 49 species of mammals, classified into 5 orders, 20 species, and 44 genera. According to the fauna of mammals, 16 species of Palearctic components accounted for 32.6%, 19 species of Oriental boundary components accounted for 38.8%,, and 14 widely distributed species, accounting for 28.6%. Among the 16 paleo-northern components, 14 species are distributed in the northern Eurasian continent and 2 species are distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Among the 19 oriental components, 7 species belong to the Hengduan Mountains-Himalayas and 12 species belong to the China-Myanmar distribution.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="177" > population</h1>
As of the end of 2019, the total number of households in Longxian County was 80,219, down 0.3%; the registered population was 271,377 people, down 0.4%. By sex, 142,574 men ( 52.5 % ) and 128,803 women , or 47.5 percent , had sex ratio of 110.7:100. According to age, 22,792 people aged 0-17, 102,444 people aged 18-34, 100,297 people aged 35-59 years old, and 45,844 people over 60 years old, accounting for 8.4%, 37.7%, 37.0% and 16.9% of the total population, respectively. The county's permanent population was 252,000, down 0.2%. The annual birth rate was 8.81 per thousand, the mortality rate was 5.54 per thousand, and the natural growth rate was 3.27 per thousand.
According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Longxian County is 208482 people.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="208" > economy</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="210" > review</h1>
In 2019, Longxian achieved a regional GDP of 9.155 billion yuan, down 9.5% from the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1.863 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0%; the added value of the secondary industry was 3.763 billion yuan, down 27.9%; and the added value of the tertiary industry was 3.529 billion yuan, an increase of 7.0%. According to the calculation of the permanent population, the per capita GDP was 36,331 yuan, down 5.8% from the previous year. The labor productivity of the whole society was 57,580 yuan per person, down 5.8% from the previous year. The added value of the non-public economy in the whole year was 4.578 billion yuan, accounting for 50.0% of the county's total economic output. The proportion of the tertiary industry is 20.4:41.1:38.5. Among them, the proportion of the primary industry and the tertiary industry increased by 2.8 and 12.3 percentage points respectively over the previous year; the proportion of the secondary industry decreased by 15.1 percentage points compared with the previous year.
In 2020, Longxian achieved a GDP of 10.03 billion yuan, an increase of 6.5%; the investment in fixed assets in the whole society was 15 billion yuan, an increase of 11%; the local fiscal revenue was 140 million yuan, an increase of 5%; and the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents was 31,730 yuan and 13,019 yuan, an increase of 7.5% and 8.5% respectively.
Investment in fixed assets
In 2019, Longxian completed the investment in fixed assets of the whole society of 13.872 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1% year-on-year. Among them, urban fixed asset investment was 13.422 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8%; rural areas completed fixed asset investment of 450 million yuan. Private investment in fixed assets was 4.432 billion yuan, an increase of 1.1 times year-on-year. Urban fixed asset investment is divided into industries, the primary industry completed investment of 2.858 billion yuan, an increase of 62.2%; the secondary industry completed investment of 1.389 billion yuan, an increase of 2.0 times; the tertiary industry completed investment of 9.175 billion yuan, down 7.2%. The proportion of investment in the three industries was 21.3:10.3:68.4.
Fiscal and tax expenditures
In 2019, Longxian achieved local fiscal revenue of 189.88 million yuan, an increase of 6.7% year-on-year. Among them: industrial and commercial tax of 52.04 million yuan, down 33.0%; tobacco tax of 10.9 million yuan, down 18.0%; corporate income tax of 8.09 million yuan, an increase of 1.8%. Fiscal expenditure was 2.356 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5% year-on-year. Among them: general public service expenditure of 158.95 million yuan, an increase of 0.5% year-on-year; public security expenditure of 57.39 million yuan, down 14.1%; education expenditure of 574.15 million yuan, an increase of 5.0%; social security and employment expenditure of 336.67 million yuan, down 15.8%; medical and health expenditure of 168.88 million yuan, an increase of 3.1%; agriculture, forestry and water affairs expenditure of 391.82 million yuan, an increase of 3.0%.
People's lives
In 2019, the per capita disposable income of all residents in Longxian County was 17,622 yuan, an increase of 10.0% year-on-year. The ratio of urban and rural residents to income in the county was 2.46:1, a decrease of 0.11 over the previous year.
In 2019, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Longxian County was 29,516 yuan, an increase of 2,427 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 9.0%. Among them, the wage income was 20788 yuan, an increase of 8.6%; the net operating income was 3213 yuan, an increase of 9.0%; the net property income was 895 yuan, an increase of 10.5%; and the net transfer income was 4620 yuan, an increase of 10.1%. The per capita household consumption expenditure of urban residents was 16385 yuan, an increase of 1213 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 8.0%. The per capita housing area of urban residents was 32.2 square meters, an increase of 6.6%.
In 2019, the per capita disposable income of rural residents in Longxian County was 11,999 yuan, an increase of 1,091 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 10.0%. Among them, the wage income was 7106 yuan, an increase of 9.2%; the net operating income was 2940 yuan, an increase of 10.9%; the net property income was 41 yuan, an increase of 46.4%; and the net transfer income was 1912 yuan, an increase of 11.2%. The per capita expenditure of peasant households in the whole year was 9779 yuan, an increase of 9.4%; of which: the per capita living consumption expenditure was 7452 yuan, an increase of 8.7%. The per capita housing area of rural residents was 25 square meters, an increase of 4.2%.
In 2019, the consumer price of Longxian County increased by 2.6% over the previous year; the retail price of commodities increased by 2.2%; and the price of agricultural production materials increased by 1.2%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="223" > primary industry</h1>
In 2020, we will fully implement the strategy of rural revitalization and promote the development and transformation and upgrading of ecological agriculture. Accelerate the adjustment of the industrial structure and improve the quality and efficiency of the "Five Treasures of Longxian County". Improve the level of large-scale development of the dairy goat industry, with a total output of 600,000 dairy sheep and a total output of 190,000 tons of fresh milk. Implement the four major actions of full circle of 10,000 sheep farms, expansion of thousand sheep farms, promotion of moderate-sized farms and family farms, and promotion of "small upgrading regulations and scattered upgrading regulations". 10,000 mu of dwarf anvil apples were newly planted, 25,000 mu of apple age gardens were upgraded, 50,000 mu of walnut low-yield gardens were transformed, 30,000 mu of flue-cured tobacco were planted, and the total grain output remained above 100,000 tons. Deeply promote the improvement of the rural living environment, and continue to implement projects such as improving the appearance of villages, the "toilet revolution", garbage and sewage treatment, livestock and poultry manure and the resource utilization of agricultural waste. Completed the construction of forage planting and processing, Shaanxi Fruit Group's 10,000 mu of apples, 10,000 tons of fruit and vegetable processing, high-quality Chinese herbal medicine base and other projects. Strengthen the construction of a traceability supervision platform for the quality and safety of agricultural products, ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, and strive to create a national agricultural product quality and safety county.
Flue-cured tobacco industry in Longxian County
In 2019, Longxian achieved a total output value of 3.439 billion yuan in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them: agricultural output value of 1.849 billion yuan, an increase of 5.4%; forestry output value of 162 million yuan, an increase of 15.3%; animal husbandry output value of 1.159 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%; agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry output value of 267 million yuan, an increase of 9.3%. The added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 2.013 billion yuan, an increase of 5.4% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of agriculture was 1.141 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3%; the added value of forestry was 0.98 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1%; the added value of animal husbandry was 623 million yuan, an increase of 3.2%; the added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry was 150 million yuan, an increase of 9.4%.
Planting
In 2019, the sown area of grain crops in Longxian County was 490,800 mu, a decrease of 0.08 million mu over the previous year, a decrease of 0.2%. The total grain output was 104,300 tons, an increase of 0.17 million tons over the previous year, an increase of 1.7 percent. Wheat yielded 155 kg per mu, down 6.1% from the previous year; maize yielded 316 kg per mu, an increase of 6.8% over the previous year.
forestry
In 2019, the forest area of Longxian County was 1.966 million mu, and the forest coverage rate was 57.58%. The annual afforestation area was 37,400 mu, an increase of 33.6% over the previous year; the amount of timber harvested was 12,000 cubic meters, an increase of 27.8% over the previous year; and the forest land area was 2,360,500 mu. The annual walnut production was 10,165 tons, an increase of 23.5% over the previous year.
animal husbandry
In 2018, Longxian county had 65,200 livestock and 61,500 cattle, including 36,800 dairy cows, 105,900 sheep, 26,100 pigs, 232,300 poultry, and 5,284 tons of meat and 734,800 tons of milk.
Production conditions
As of the end of 2018, Longxian had a total power of 182,700 kilowatts of agricultural machinery, an increase of 1.2% over the previous year; large and medium-sized tractors reached 1519 units, down 16.2%; small tractors reached 2495 units, an increase of 15.7%. The annual area of machine cultivation was 370,900 mu, down 6.6%; the area of machine sowing was 370,800 mu, an increase of 20.2%. At the end of the year, the effective irrigation area of arable land was 70,300 mu, an increase of 0.6% year-on-year.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="235" > secondary industry</h1>
industry
In 2019, Longxian completed the industrial added value of 2.842 billion yuan, down 35.0% from the previous year; accounting for 31.0% of the gross domestic product. Among them, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 2.686 billion yuan, down 36.5%, accounting for 29.3% of the gross domestic product. The total output value of industries above designated size in the whole year was 6.264 billion yuan, down 36.0% from the previous year. According to the type of economy, the output value of joint-stock enterprises was 6.016 billion yuan, down 36.9%, and the output value of foreign-invested enterprises and hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan-invested enterprises was 248 million yuan, down 1.3%. According to the light and heavy industries, the output value of light industry was 5.288 billion yuan, an increase of 1.3 times; the output value of heavy industry was 976 million yuan, down 87.0%. In the whole year, industrial enterprises above designated size achieved a main business income of 6.225 billion yuan, down 34.1% year-on-year. From the perspective of registration type, the main business income of the limited liability company is 0.61 billion yuan; the main business income of the private enterprise is 5.979 billion yuan; and the main business income of the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan investment enterprises is 185 million yuan. The total profit and tax reached 1.046 billion yuan, down 4.7% year-on-year. According to the light and heavy industries, the profits and taxes of heavy industry are 104 million yuan; the profits and taxes of light industry are 942 million yuan. Industrial enterprises above designated size achieved tax revenue of 72 million yuan, down 35.5%.
Construction
In 2019, longxian construction industry achieved an added value of 922 million yuan, an increase of 9.1%. The two construction enterprise group companies with qualification levels and their 22 subordinate branches signed a total contract amount of 1.225 billion yuan in the whole year, an increase of 14.9%; the total output value of the construction industry completed in the whole year was 1.099 billion yuan, an increase of 19.1%,; and the average annual employee was 1481 people, an increase of 5.2%. The construction area of housing construction was 374,900 square meters, an increase of 12.6% year-on-year; the completed area of housing construction was 107,600 square meters, down 6.1%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="240" > tertiary industry</h1>
domestic trade
Guanshan Ranch
In 2019, Longxian achieved a total retail sales of social consumer goods of 2.971 billion yuan, an increase of 11.8% over the previous year. Among them, the retail sales of consumer goods above the limit reached 1.050 billion yuan, an increase of 27.3%, accounting for 35.3% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods; the retail sales below the limit were 1.921 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8%, accounting for 64.7% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods. According to the location of the sales unit, the retail sales of urban consumer goods were 2.740 billion yuan, an increase of 12.2%, and the retail sales of rural consumer goods were 231 million yuan, an increase of 7.6%. According to the consumption pattern, the wholesale industry achieved retail sales of 306 million yuan, an increase of 5.0%; the retail industry achieved retail sales of 2.361 billion yuan, an increase of 18.0%; the accommodation industry achieved retail sales of 0.49 billion yuan, down 24.7%; and the catering industry achieved retail sales of 255 million yuan, down 14.8%. Real estate
In 2019, Longxian real estate development enterprises completed an investment of 309 million yuan, an increase of 1.9 times over the previous year. The construction area of commercial housing was 147,800 square meters, an increase of 1.8 times; the completed area of commercial housing was 46,700 square meters, an increase of 7.8 times; and the sales area of commercial housing was 68,400 square meters, an increase of 1.2 times.
Post and telecommunications
In 2019, the total revenue of Longxian post and telecommunications business reached 112.89 million yuan, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year. Among them, the postal business revenue was 24.56 million yuan, an increase of 2.4%; the telecommunications revenue was 88.33 million yuan, an increase of 7.3%. At the end of the year, the number of telephone subscribers reached 198,700. Among them: 0.41 million fixed telephones; mobile phones reached 194,600 households, and the county's telephone penetration rate reached 788 units/1,000 people, an increase of 6.5% over the previous year. The number of newspapers and periodicals subscribed to 1,000 people reached 49, an increase of 16.7% over the previous year. The number of Internet broadband users in the county reached 40,275.
tourism
In 2019, Longxian received a total of 9.8812 million tourists, an annual increase of 5.8%, and achieved a comprehensive tourism income of 4.764 billion yuan, an increase of 23.9%. At the end of the year, there were 4 A-class scenic spots in the county, including 2 4A-class scenic spots, 1 3A-class scenic spot, and 1 2A-class scenic spot; 4 provincial-level characteristic tourist towns, 3 provincial-level rural tourism demonstration villages; 1 municipal industrial tourism demonstration site; 3 travel agencies, and 2 star-rated hotels.
Finance
As of the end of 2019, the balance of deposits of financial institutions in Longxian County was 10.486 billion yuan, an increase of 944 million yuan over the beginning of the year, an increase of 9.9% over the previous year. Among them, the balance of household deposits was 8.306 billion yuan, an increase of 684 million yuan over the beginning of the year, an increase of 9.0% over the previous year. The balance of loans of financial institutions in the county was 3.442 billion yuan, an increase of 550 million yuan over the beginning of the year, an increase of 19.0% over the previous year. Among them, the balance of short-term loans was 711 million yuan, an increase of 61.3%; the balance of medium- and long-term loans was 2.224 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%. Among the loans, rural commercial banks loaned 2.460 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9%; agricultural bank loans of 675 million yuan, an increase of 61.8%; Postal Savings Bank loans of 50.18 million yuan, an increase of 1.7 times; Chang'an Bank loans of 152 million yuan, an increase of 62.5%; village and township bank loans of 150 million yuan, an increase of 1.6 times.
insurance
In 2019, the insurance business revenue of Longxian Life and Property Insurance Company was 32.85 million yuan, down 33.8% year-on-year. Among them: property insurance business revenue of 19.76 million yuan, down 31.6%; life insurance business income of 13.09 million yuan, down 36.7%. The annual insurance business expenditure was 18.36 million yuan, down 47.9% year-on-year. Among them, the expenditure on property insurance business was 14.6 million yuan, down 26.6%, and the expenditure on life insurance business was 3.76 million yuan, down 75.6%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="254" > transportation</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="256" > traffic</h1>
As of the end of 2019, the total length of highway lines in Longxian reached 1794 kilometers, an increase of 9.5% over the previous year. [5]
The provincial and municipal highways through Longxian are Bao (Chicken) Ping (Liang) Highway and Bao (Chicken) Tian (Water) Highway. The Baoping Highway is called the Longxian section in longxian part, the branch line of the south road is called Dongba Road (Dongfeng Town to Badu Township), and the Baotian Highway is longguan highway (county seat to Guanshan) in Longxian county. The total length of these three roads in the county is 127.59 km.
Longxian section of Baoping Highway
From the junction village of Qian and Long, to the west of the Bridge Village Boundary Monument at the Junction of Shaanxi and Gansu, the total length is 51.69 kilometers. It was completed in the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939). In April 1964, it was diverted to the south of the ring road. After 1970, the dangerous section of the Red Cliff Bay Mountain Road was changed to the bottom of the mountain, and the whole line was paved with residual oil, and the vehicles were unimpeded. It is a national tertiary highway.
East 8 Highway
Dongfeng Town to Badu Township was originally connected by a small road. In March 1961, construction began, and it was completed in June of that year, with a total length of 15.4 kilometers. In the spring of 1976, after cutting, straightening and widening, the shuttle bus passed and connected with the Baoping Highway. The Baoji Municipal Transportation Bureau designated this line as the Baoji Ring Road and included it in the professional maintenance section.
Longguan Highway
In August of the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), the Fenglong Highway organized by the Second Section of the Construction Department of Shaanxi Province, from the county seat in the east to the three streams of water in Guanshan Township in the west, was completed on April 15, 1935. The original road is 140 miles long in Longxian County, and crosses the Guanshan Mountains through Guguan in Longxian County. This section of the highway has been widened and improved year by year, and has reached the national tertiary highway standard. In 1976, 16 kilometers from the county seat to Broom Beach were paved with residual oil.
The Baozhong Railway, Baohan Expressway and National Highway G344 run through the whole territory, and are the thoroughfares and border trade towns of the three provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="266" > shipping</h1>
In 2019, Longxian's cargo transportation volume was 1.46 million tons and cargo turnover was 90.59 million tons, an increase of 15.9% and 16.0% respectively year-on-year; the passenger traffic was 1.2147 million person-times, and the passenger turnover volume was 104.32 million kilometers, an increase of 16.3% and 17.0% respectively. At the end of the year, the county had 431 operating cars, down 46.9% year-on-year. Among them, 317 ordinary trucks, down 53.1%, 114 passenger cars, down 6.6%, and 100 registered taxis.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="268" > social cause</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="270" > education</h1>
As of the end of 2019, Longxian has 2 ordinary high schools with 4625 students, down 1.9%; 1 vocational middle school, with 953 students, an increase of 40.8%; 13 junior high schools, with 8208 students, down 1.5%; 58 primary schools, down 7.9%, 19922 students in school, an increase of 3.7%; 44 kindergartens, down 2.2%, and 9651 kindergarten children, down 2.5%. The enrolment rate of school-age children has reached 100 per cent, the rate of primary school graduation has reached 100 per cent, and the rate of junior secondary school graduation has reached 94.39 per cent. The number of people on the first line of the county's college entrance examination was 492, an increase of 26.2%; the number of people on the second line was 703, down 7.6%. [5]
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="272" > cultural undertakings</h1>
As of the end of 2019, Longxian has a total of 1 film screening unit, 1 art performance group, 11 cultural stations (museums), and 1 public library. There are 14,434 digital TV subscribers in the county, including: 9,278 rural subscribers, with a digital TV household penetration rate of 39.02%, 103 villages with digital TV, and 76 sets of digital TV programs.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="274" > health services</h1>
As of the end of 2019, there were 24 health institutions in Longxian County, with 1478 beds, including 1027 hospital beds and 451 health center beds. There are 1458 health technicians in the county, of which 366 are practicing physicians, down 25.8%, and 609 nurses and nurses, an increase of 11.9%. There are 186 medical points in rural areas, and 282 rural doctors and health personnel. There were 97 health and epidemic prevention personnel in the county, an increase of 2.1%,, and the proportion of women delivering in hospital reached 100%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="276" > labor employment</h1>
In 2019, the number of employees in Longxian Reached 159,000, down 0.2%; of which 130,800 were rural employees, down 0.3%,3%; the number of urban workers on the job was 0.97 million, down 1.0%. According to the three industries, the primary industry employs 68,300 people, down 0.3%,; the secondary industry employs 39,500 people, down 2.7%; the tertiary industry employs 51,200 people, an increase of 2.06%. In the whole year, 107725 people were transferred to employment, 1206 people were trained in skills, 2522 people were newly employed in cities and towns, 735 people were unemployed and reemployed in enterprises, and 5584 people participated in unemployment insurance. There are 10,001 people in work injury insurance, and the reimbursement amount is 1.84 million yuan. Unemployment benefits were 955,000 yuan. The registered urban unemployment rate is 3.0 per cent.
In 2019, the average salary of non-private workers in Longxian County was 63,652 yuan. Among them, the average wage of on-the-job employees of enterprise units is 32246 yuan, the average wage of on-the-job employees of public institutions is 68305 yuan, and the average wage of on-the-job employees of government units is 72695 yuan.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="279" > Social Security</h1>
In 2019, Longxian county participated in the basic old-age insurance for urban residents for 1,700 people and 129,092 people in rural residents. There are 13,261 urban workers with basic endowment insurance, and 8,601 people in government organs and institutions. In the whole year, 13,588 people participated in the medical insurance for urban workers, reimbursing 1,820 person-times and reimbursing the amount of 6.92 million yuan; 17,117 people in urban residents' medical insurance, reimbursing 1,880 person-times, with a reimbursement amount of 4.61 million yuan; and 225,554 rural residents' medical insurance, reimbursing 369,750 person-times, with a reimbursement amount of 174.12 million yuan. Medical assistance was 5.8 million yuan for 7,247 people; 56.71 million yuan was reimbursed for 85,512 people by the poor.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="281" > social welfare</h1>
As of the end of 2019, Longxian has 3 social welfare adoption units, with 435 beds and 203 adopted people. 2,302 people from 1,248 urban households received a minimum security deposit of 18.609 million yuan; 9,886 people from 4,145 households in rural areas received a minimum security deposit of 49.814 million yuan. Subsidies for the elderly were issued for 59,371 person-times and 10.81 million yuan; temporary assistance to 5,618 people from 1,473 households and 3,678,000 yuan was provided to the people in need.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="283" > poverty alleviation</h1>
In 2019, 83 people from 24 households were lifted out of poverty in Longxian County, and the incidence of poverty dropped to 0.997%. Continue to promote the "1265" industrial poverty alleviation model, providing 1500 jobs. The county has developed 1736 public welfare posts (including 536 rural public welfare posts, 224 employment poverty alleviation public welfare posts, and 976 independently developed rural affairs posts), resettled 1572 poor laborers, and transferred 1130 new poor laborers.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="285" > environmental protection</h1>
In 2019, the ratio of days with excellent air quality in Longxian County reached 78.1%, an increase of 16.1 percentage points over the previous year, and the proportion of centralized drinking water sources reaching or better than Class III. reached 100%. Chemical oxygen demand emissions of 223.76 tons, nitrogen oxygen emissions of 95.78 tons, sulfur dioxide emissions of 609.9 tons, nitrogen oxide emissions of 1480.28 tons; industrial wastewater and industrial soot emissions compliance rate of 100%; sewage treatment plant centralized treatment rate of 93.28%; the total amount of domestic garbage removal and transportation 32888 tons, domestic garbage harmless treatment rate of 99.7%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="287" > safe production</h1>
In 2019, there were 1 death in production safety accidents in Longxian County; 733 traffic accidents and 7 deaths; 2 fire accidents; 95 criminal cases and 143 criminal cases.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="289" > history and culture</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="291" > years</h1>
Spring Festival, Longxian is also called the New Year. After the eighth day of the first lunar month, families began to prepare New Year goods and prepare for the New Year. On the 23rd of the 23rd month, "Sending stove Jun", also known as "sending stove" and "sweeping house". On the 30th day of the 30th month, paste windows, paste window flowers, New Year paintings, paste couplets, door notes, door god paintings, prepare wine and vegetables, offer bread and vegetables to ancestors, burn incense, light candles, worship ancestral gods, set off firecrackers, and start the New Year. In the evening, the whole family gathers to eat vegetables and drink, the juniors pay homage to the elders, and the elders give the children and the new daughter-in-law money, saying the ancient road, talking about work, and telling the family. After midnight, a bunch of cypress leaf fires are lit in the courtyard, firecrackers are set off, incense is inserted to meet the gods, the old age is removed, and the new spring is ushered in, which is called "welcoming the joy and receiving the blessing". On the morning of the first day of the first lunar month, men, women and children wear new clothes and kowtow to their ancestors by burning incense. Eat dumplings or noodles for breakfast, set up a banquet for lunch, and eat steamed bread. After the second year of junior high school, carry gifts and visit relatives and friends, which is called "New Year's Greeting". During this period, each village dressed up as a community fire parade and set up a swing.
The "Lantern Festival" is an important part of the annual customs, and people in Longxian are known as "Little Junior One" and "Big Fifteenth". Lantern Festival activities mainly have three contents, one is to eat tangyuan; the second is to watch the flower lanterns, watch the fireworks, guess the riddles of the lights; and the third is to play with the social fire. After the fifth day of the first lunar month, various shapes of flower lanterns such as: warm pot lamps, fish lamps, tiger lights, rabbit baby lights, monkey child lights, watermelon lights, yarn lamps, palace lights, dragon lamps, lotus lamps, fire pot lights and other flower lamps are listed. From the beginning of the eighth year, the in-laws began to send lanterns to the unmarried daughter-in-law, and brought gifts or pastries. From the fourteenth to the sixteenth day of the first month, the Lantern Festival is an activity, and at night, the hanging sky lanterns, hanging door lamps, and hanging grave lights in the courtyards of urban and rural households, and children carry colored lanterns to the door and visit the houses. The first Lantern Festival of the new daughter-in-law should go to the man's uncle's house or aunt's house to "hide the lights". This custom is associated with folklore.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="294" > dialect</h1>
Longxian is the western gate of Shaanxi Province, and belongs to the dialect of Guanzhong Xifu in terms of linguistic division. Xifu dialect sounds similar to the Gansu accent, but in fact belongs to two different language families. The Longxian dialect dominates the middle Chinese vocabulary, which is also a manifestation of the thick history of the Longxian dialect. The village of Goujiagou here is the place where the Qin Mu gong built the capital in the Spring and Autumn Period, and through dialects, you can peek into the lives, culture, customs, and history of the people on this side of the water and soil.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="296" > social fire</h1>
Longzhou Shehuo has a history of about 2,000 years and flourished in the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties. According to the old chronicles of Longzhou, as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, longzhou folk had "hundred plays" tour and performance activities. In the first year of Hu Hai of Qin II (209 BC), the people of Gulongzhou choreographed the "Horn Arrival Drama" "Huanggong of the East China Sea" based on the Huanggong Fu White Tiger Incident. From the first year of the Han Zhao Emperor to the thirteenth year, Longzhou had a record of "every night with the first moon, filling the streets with strangers, beating drums to the sky, torching the ground, people wearing animal faces, men as women's clothes, strange shapes, filthy as joy, internal and external observation, and beasts do not avoid each other". During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the ancient temples in Longzhou would sing and sing the doutai stage, and the fires of the various societies in Longxian County were endless day and night, and they changed with the scene, which has formed the custom of the fire of the sai society.
The types of Longzhou Community Fire are: Horse Society Fire, Back Society Fire (i.e. Tsai She Fire), Lifting Society Fire, Mountain Society Fire, High Core, Stilts, Che She Fire, Autumn Migration, Seesaw, Lion Dance, Dragon Dance, Big Head, Ancient Army, Bamboo Horse, Dry Boat, Knife Dance, Stick Dance, Rice Song and Dance, Waist Encouragement, etc.
The performance form of Longzhou Shehuo: Except for stilts and bushe fire singing tunes and performances, most of the others are plastic arts. The performance content of Longzhou Shehuo: mostly with the spirit of the immortal Buddha, the ghost face of the god's head; the loyal martyrs, the robe Bingwu; the orphan son of the courtiers, the sorrow and joy; the cymbal knife to catch the stick, the adulterous and cursed. The content is mostly based on myths, legends and historical stories, but also has content such as seeking auspicious celebrations, praising the government and people, and publicizing economic development.
Characteristics of Longzhou Shehuo: Mashe Fire is the most common and largest social fire in Longzhou. In front of all kinds of social fire performance teams, there are "Black Tiger Spirit Officers" to open the road. The gong and drum teams of various social fire performance teams have a large lineup, fierce rhythm, majestic and deafening, and the performers stand tall and energetic. It shows the majesty of the brave men of the western part of the Loess Land. The exaggerated Longzhou Shehuo face mask forms the main feature.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="301" > Facebook</h1>
Shehuo is purely a form of pantomime performance, it performs for a long time similar to dance sculpture in broad daylight, and the audience can only read the content from the face of the character painted by shehuo, which requires the face design to have a spectrum to follow.
Longzhou folk artists make bold and meticulous creations based on their understanding of the characters they play. The use of color patterns and interspersed changes in lines is portrayed very meticulously, concretely, intuitively, and gives people a sense of original clarity in highlighting the facial features of the characters.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="304" > embroidery</h1>
Longxian flower cake
Longzhou embroidery art, with a long history and passed down from generation to generation. It is simple and rich in local flavor, it is romantic, extensive, intense, natural, colorful shape, giving people a beautiful appreciation. It is exaggerated in pattern, finely embroidered, tight needle corners, rich in local earthy atmosphere, and each needle and thread is poured with the women's inner thoughts and good wishes.
Longzhou embroidery varieties are: embroidered pillows, embroidered curtains, embroidered shoes, embroidered insoles, embroidered wall hanging, hundred flower tents, ten thousand umbrellas, five poisonous belly, sachets, tiger head hats, dog head hats, sleeve guards, tiger head shoes, cat head shoes, tiger pillows, cat pillows, pig pillows, five poisonous ear pillows, Qin pillows, salmon pillows, fish pillows, hanging lions, hanging dragons, hanging tigers and other types.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="308" > shadow puppet</h1>
Shadow puppetry has a long tradition in Longzhou, about the development of paper cutting. Because the shadow puppet class is quite simple to organize, there are not many personnel required, and the performance is witty and full of rural interest, which is deeply loved by the broad masses of the people. There are still 7 shadow puppet classes active in the countryside in Longxian County. The original style of Xilu shadow puppetry is more completely preserved.
Longzhou shadow puppet production is mainly the late veteran artist Chen Zhaoxian, his production art, for the main representative of Shaanxi West Road shadow puppet production, he produced more than a thousand shadow puppet production (powder), reflecting the superb carving technology and skilled white painting skills. Chen Zhaoxian has been practicing art for more than 40 years, and has carved more than 3,000 traditional and modern theatrical characters and shadow puppets. More than 150 pieces of shadow puppets were collected by the National Art Museum of China, and many works won awards in various exhibitions, and in 1989 he was selected into the "Who's Who of Chinese Folk Artists".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="311" > flower lamp</h1>
Flower lantern production: Every year the Lantern Festival has the custom of children's lanterns. There are many folk categories and strange styles. There are flower blue, drums, fire pots, lithium fish, rabbits, cars, etc., all of which are hand-held lanterns. There are also hanging palace lamps, yarn lamps, turning lights, etc., all of which belong to the category of hanging lamps. Hanging lamps must be made by good workers: portable small lamps are all homemade. At the beginning of the first month, it is hand-tied, and after the tenth day of the first month, the square paper paste is dyed and painted and decorated for sale. The scope of personnel establishment gradually expanded from the southern townships to the villages of Longxian County.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="313" > window flowers</h1>
Longzhou window flowers have two types: painting and clipping. It is mainly used by women and children for their own use, forming the main products of the Spring Festival celebration and cloth decoration houses. Listed for sale before the Spring Festival. From the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, it was carved and cut on solid color paper, without painting and dyeing, and the patterns were mainly flowers, birds and figures. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, monochrome window flowers have been replaced by dyed window flowers, and their fine engraving, skillful knife technique, concentrated composition and distinctive dyeing are loved by the broad masses of the people in urban and rural areas. At the end of each year, in the streets of Longxian County, some townships and villages, you can see window flowers and paper cuts carved by Longzhou folk artists everywhere, forming a beautiful folk folk scenery.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="315" > scenic spots</h1>
Dragon Gate Cave
One of the five major hanging Taoist temples in China, Qiu Chuji founded the Taoist Dragon Gate Sect, which is a unique ecological and cultural scenic spot integrating Taoist scenic spots, primitive forests and karst karst landscapes.
Longmen Cave is the "Longmen Ancestral Garden" of quanzhen sect, because of the strange, dangerous, steep and quiet terrain, enjoying the reputation of "Second Huashan" and a national AAAA-level scenic spot. The scenic spot is composed of three scenic spots: Longmen Cave, Jingfu Mountain and Leishen Mountain, with jurisdiction over 6 mountains, 3 rivers, 26 peaks and 118 scenic spots, which are known as 36 caves with immortals and 24 ponds and ponds with hidden dragons as good stories. The scenic area is lush with trees, strange peaks, streams, and turbulent streams. The pavilions and pavilions take advantage of the situation to become a scene, the ladders of the boardwalk are hanging in the air, the cliffs and cliffs are magical, and the landscape and forest are integrated with the Taoist architecture, which fully demonstrates the idea of the unity of heaven and man. In August 2014, Longxian successfully held the China Baoji Longxian LongmenDongdao Cultural Forum.
Duanjiaxia Reservoir
Duanjiaxia Reservoir is a medium-sized water conservancy project that is mainly based on irrigation and flood control, and is also used for power generation and water supply, aquaculture and other comprehensive utilization. It was founded in 1970, completed in 1972, started the reinforcement of the reservoir in February 2004, completed at the end of October 2005, and was accepted by the relevant provincial and municipal departments in December 2006. The original design flood control standard of the reservoir was designed according to the 50-year flood, and the corresponding peak flow of the 200-year flood check was 680 cubic meters/s and 1100 cubic meters/s, respectively. Since September 2003, the reservoir has been designed according to the 50-year flood and checked once in 1000 years, and the corresponding peak flows are 580 cubic meters/s and 1270 cubic meters/s, respectively. The total flood volume was 57.3 million cubic meters and 121 million cubic meters, respectively.
Mixed Yuan Temple
Also known as Lei Yin Mountain, it is located at the foot of Guanshan Mountain in Longxian County, on the banks of the Puyu River, where Fanjiaying Village in Tiancheng Town is located, and it is the place where Fan Zhongyan resisted the enemy and camped.
Lei Yin Mountain Scenic Area is a national AAA-level tourist attraction, covering an area of more than 4,000 acres, consisting of five major sections: tourism area, leisure resort area, folk custom experience area, fishing entertainment area, and zong activity area. The scenic area is backed by Guanshan Mountain, facing Pushui, surrounded by mountains and water.
The scenic spot is 10 kilometers away from the county seat of Longxian County, 45 kilometers away from the Guanshan Grassland Scenic Area, 50 kilometers away from the Longmendong Scenic Area, and 86 kilometers away from Baoji City.
Guanshan Grassland
Located in the southwest of Longxian County, 134 kilometers away from Baoji City and 300 kilometers away from Xi'an City, it is a provincial scenic spot with European style with alpine meadows as the main body in the northwest inland area of Northwest China, and a national AAAA-level tourist scenic spot. In 776 BC, Qin Xianggong moved to Build Fengyi, located in Zhengjiagou, Southeast Township, Longxian County, which became the first capital of the Qin State, which lasted until 762 BC, up to 14 years, the Qin people started from animal husbandry in the Longshan mountain grasslands, and completed the transformation process from nomadic to agricultural peoples; it was also in the Qianhe Plain that the princely states were established, towards the Guanzhong Plain, and then unified China. Therefore, the Longshan Mountains and the Qianhe River Basin are the places where Qin culture is carried forward, and it is also one of the birthplaces of the formation of the unified Han culture of the Chinese nation.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="328" > local specialties</h1>
sea buckthorn
Longxian sea buckthorn is a specialty of Longxian County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. Sea buckthorn fruit contains a lot of vitamin C and is known as the king of Vc, and its juice is a fine drink. The sea buckthorn resources of Longxian County cover the northern and southern mountainous areas of the territory, and the annual output is more than 2 million kilograms.
The climate and soil conditions in Guanshan and Qianshan Mountains in Longxian Are Extremely Suitable for Sea Buckthorn Production, and there are 3883 hectares of wild sea buckthorn in Longxian County, of which 40% have reached the first and second levels of coverage, and the annual output of fresh fruit is 1500 tons. Longxian can be used to develop nearly 20,000 hectares of arable land and barren mountain slopes for sea buckthorn, and the conditions for building a large-scale seabuckthorn base are superior. The growth environment of sea buckthorn meets the ecological requirements of "green food", and sea buckthorn beverage is a health-care beverage, which adapts to the development trend of non-pollution, low sugar and high nutrition of beverages. Sea buckthorn oil and sea buckthorn fruit are important medicinal raw materials.
chili pepper
Chili pepper is the traditional characteristic industry of Longxian County, and its products are known as the "King of Qin Pepper" with its characteristics of fine red color, uniform wrinkles, thick and spicy flesh, high oil, high calcium content of lexicon and high vitamin content. The 20,000 mu of peppers in Longxian County are listed as pollution-free pepper production bases. In order to improve the popularity and influence of peppers, Longxian County has established a pepper demonstration garden in 500 mu of land transferred in Zhangjiazhuang Village, Southeast Town, adopting the production mode of "company + farmer + technology + base", which is uniformly operated and implemented by the pepper cooperative, and unified technical guidance by provincial and municipal experts. At the National Chili Pepper Expert Meeting held on September 2, 2011, the demonstration garden was identified as a visiting point.
walnut
Walnut is one of the characteristics of Longxian fruit industry. According to historical records, in the second year of the Qing Dynasty (1910), Longxian began to cultivate walnuts artificially, and by the 1960s and 1970s, the green-skinned walnuts were planted, the 1980s were planted with walnuts, and since 2002, they have been planted continuously. In December 2012, Longxian was named "China's Walnut Town" by the China Economic Forestry Association, and is one of the key counties of 12 walnut economic forest bases in Shaanxi, the national walnut standardized production demonstration area, and the provincial walnut fine seed base county. Longxian "Xiangling" walnut variety won the gold medal at the first China Walnut Festival. In 2014, the Longxian Green Walnut Standardization Production Demonstration Zone Project passed the acceptance of the Expert Group of the State Standardization Committee and was awarded the title of "National Green Walnut Production Standardization Demonstration Zone", becoming the county and district in Shaanxi Province that won this honor.
Longzhou American ginseng
American ginseng
It is a rare and precious Chinese medicine that nourishes Yin shengjin, and was tried in 1979 and planted in a large area since 1985, with an area of 100,000 square meters and an annual output of 15,000 kilograms.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="340" > special snacks</h1>
Horseshoe puff pastry
Also known as honey stuffing, because of the shape of a horseshoe and named, was originally a valuable pastry when visiting relatives and friends in Longxian County, it is made of fine powder, lard oil, honey and sugar as raw materials, brownish yellow in color, clear grain layer, crisp and sweet, and resistant to storage.
Horseshoe puff pastry was the original wife of Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty, Empress Eldest Sun, and when she returned to her hometown, she was introduced to her hometown of Longzhou. Empress Eldest Sun was originally from Xiangquan Township, Longzhou, and now Sun Jiazhuang still has the ruins of Niangniang's tomb. The ruins of the Niangniang Temple under xianggong mountain in Dongfeng Township, Longxian County, are ancestral halls built in the Tang Dynasty to commemorate the xianliang's eldest grandson, Empress Dowager, who played the sacred role in reducing the taxes of the people of Longzhou.
Cool skin
Red peppers, white cool skin. Longxian Liangpi, like Xifu Liangpi, uses flour to go through multiple processes such as soaking, washing and steaming, and there are two kinds of rolling dough and dough.
Lamb soak
The characteristics of Longzhou lamb bubble are heavy material, thick meat soup, attractive aroma, endless aftertaste after eating, and the function of warming the stomach. Especially in winter, there are often queues to eat. Longxian lamb bubbles and other parts of the Xifu mutton bubbles are different, steamed bun (white-noodle scone) customers break by hand, put in a bowl, hot soup, add some vermicelli sheep blood, sprinkle with green onions, sugar garlic, is one of the daily breakfasts of Longxian people.
Oil swirls, crispy buns, dog tongues
Longxian's oil spinning cake and short steamed bun are also two of the local characteristics. The oil swirl is made by roasting the noodles in a charcoal hot pot and rolled with crushed walnut peanut kernels, fragrant but not oily, crisp and delicious. The oil spinning cake is also the size of a burnt cake, thick on all sides and thin in the middle, and the layers around the circle are all baked dry, and the taste is very unique.
Longzhou crispy steamed buns, the skin is crispy and sweet. The bread noodles are baked with sugar filling.
Dog tongue is a kind of cake similar to oil spinning, but the dog tongue is large, very crispy, with walnut residue on it, and the taste is very suitable for teenagers, and the elderly to eat.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="353" > city honors</h1>
Edit The Voice
In 2007-2008, the national county (city) scientific and technological progress assessment passed the county.
In 2008, it was an advanced county with high-quality family planning services at the provincial level.
In 2009, it was awarded the provincial garden city.
In 2011, it was awarded the national health county.
In 2011, it was awarded the provincial double support model county.
In 2011, it was awarded the national ecological demonstration county.
In 2011, it won the national safe agricultural machinery demonstration county.
In 2011, the national county (city) scientific and technological progress assessment passed the county.
In 2011, it was awarded the qualified county for the balanced development of compulsory education in Shaanxi Province.
In 2011, it was awarded the National Cataract Barrier-free County.
In 2013, it was awarded the title of "National Garden County".
On March 26, 2019, it was awarded the title of "Strong Education County of Shaanxi Province" by the People's Government of Shaanxi Province.
On November 14, 2019, it was officially named by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment as the third batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties.
In March 2020, it was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China for charity and public welfare in 2020.
In May 2020, it was selected into the 2020 China County All-ecological Top 100 List.
In July 2020, it was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China's autumn leisure in 2020.
In October 2020, it won the "2020 Shaanxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation Award" Organizational Innovation Award.
On July 15, 2021, it was selected into the list of the fourth batch of counties (districts) that meet the standards for water-saving social construction of the Ministry of Water Resources.