□ reporter Yan Yanan
Du Fu once praised the poem he wrote: "Two chapters on the autumn moon, one word with Hua Xing." Ouyang Xiu praised his writings: "Alone in ancient texts, his pen strength is strong and strong, and his spirit is superb." "He is Yuan Jie, an outstanding politician, military expert and famous writer and realist poet in history, who opened the xinlefu movement and the tang dynasty ancient literature movement, occupying an important position in the history of Chinese literature.
In the courtyard of the First High School Attached to Lushan County, there is a Yuanci Mountain Stele dating back more than a thousand years, on which there is a tomb table written by Yan Zhenqing for Yuan Jie: "(Jie) Chongshan South East Province Jiedu Staff Officer ... Recruiting rebels, gao huang in the mountain shed and other rates of more than 5,000 people, a temporary annex, a big pressure on the thief realm..." In 1963, the monument was listed as a cultural relics protection unit in Henan Province; in 2006, it was announced by the State Council as the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. On October 19, the reporter stood here, sensing the past and legacy of the sages.
▎ Late completion of large instruments
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Yuan Jie (元杰), a native of Lushan County (鲁山, roughly modern Pingdingshan City) in the Tang Dynasty, was a tang dynasty grandson of King Zun of Later Wei. His ancestor's original surname was Tuoba (拓跋), and his surname was changed to Yuan during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei. His father, Yuan Yanzu, served as the master of Wei Cheng and Yan Tang Cheng.
He is indifferent to fame and fortune, has no intention of career, and has a heart of retreat.
"There are many kinds of Shangyu mountain medicinal materials and excellent quality, and since ancient times, there is a saying that 'medicine does not go through business and yu does not work'. More than 1,000 years ago, Yuan Yanzu traveled to Shangyu Mountain, southwest of Shangyukou Village, Malou Township, Lushan County, and found that the scenery here was beautiful and prolific elixirs, so he lived here in seclusion.
Shi Suixin, director of the Cultural and Historical Committee of the Lushan County CPPCC Committee, has studied Yuanjie for more than a decade, and he said that Yuanjie also spent a carefree infancy, childhood and adolescence in Shangyushan. Although he was born into a famous family, the road to entry was not smooth at all, and fortunately, there was a good teacher around him who had been teaching him.
Yuan Jie's brother Yuan Dexiu Zhongjinshi (元德秀中進士), Ren Xingzhou Nanhe (邢州南和尉), was no longer competent in military service because he fell from his horse and injured his foot, so he asked Ren Ton to be appointed to Lushan County. The 17-year-old Yuan Jie left Shangyushan, where he had lived for more than ten years, and moved to Lushan County, where he studied articles and music under his brother Yuan Dexiu. Yuan Dexiu was a generation of honest officials, with high literary attainments and excellent conduct, and the Old Book of Tang "Wen yuan" and the "New Book of Tang" "Zhuo Xing" were all passed down for him. Yuan Jie studied under Yuan Dexiu for 12 years, not only made great progress in learning, but also his thinking was quite influenced by Yuan Dexiu, established a lofty ambition to serve the country, and also made in-depth thinking about the strategy of governing the country.
In the sixth year of Tianbao (747 AD), the 29-year-old Yuan Jie went to Chang'an to examine the name of gong and wrote three "Emperor Mo" and ten "Erfeng Poems", and as a result, Li Linfu, the traitorous minister of the DPRK, seized power, fearing that there would be a scholar who would accuse him of his treacherous behavior when countermeasures, and did not admit anyone, and also cheekily said to Tang Xuanzong that "there is no wilderness", and all those who have the ability are in the dprk. Yuan Jie immediately returned to the Shangyu Mountains in anger and cultivated Xiwen. Many of the passages in the Yuanzi were written at this time.
Six years later, the 35-year-old Yuan Jie went to Chang'an again and finally passed the entrance examination. The "Wen Bian" was highly appreciated by Yang Jun, a waiter in the Examination Official Ceremonial Department.
▎ Talent explosion
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No one expected that the situation was changing, and two years after Yuan Jie zhongjinshi, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and Yuan Jie took his family to Xiangyang and Xixi (northwest of Ruichang, Jiangxi) for refuge, during which he compiled his own collection of essays "The Monkey Monkey" and wrote the book "Lang Shuo" and so on.
Chang'an fell, Tang Xuanzong abdicated, and Emperor Suzong ascended the throne, and a series of historical events followed.
In the second year of Tang Suzong's ascension to the throne, he announced to the world that officials who had been exiled from all over the world were invited to unite and fight against the rebels.
Yuan Jie received the news and immediately set off to rush to the front line of the resistance against the enemy. Emperor Suzong of Tang enfeoffed him as the Right Jin Wu Soldier Cao (曹) to join the army. Yuan Jie organized a militia of more than 5,000 people in his hometown of Henan, defeated the rebel Shi Siming, and successfully saved 15 cities. Yuan Jie wrote "Please Adopt the Orphan and Weak" and "Please Give the Soldiers' Parents Grain", and wrote to the imperial court to request that the people in the war be treated kindly. At his initiative, the imperial court began to pay attention to the lives of military parents and the adoption of war orphans. Yuan Jie's good deeds were respected by the people of the world, and it was said that he was both literate and martial, loyal and upright.
"Yuan Jie, because of his meritorious efforts in suppressing the rebellion, was promoted one after another, and for a moment he moved the government and the opposition." Shi Suixin said, "However, he has no interest in being an official at all, and after the Anshi Rebellion, Yuan Jie had the heart to retire, and he repeatedly asked to resign and return to his hometown, but he couldn't help himself." It was not until the Tang Dynasty that Yuan Jie's mother was seriously ill, and he was able to escape from the official field. ”
Helplessly, although the overall situation was decided at that time, the world was still not peaceful. Therefore, the 45-year-old Yuan Jie was appointed by the imperial court as the Assassin of Daozhou, taking into account his father's teachings in the early years- "And Cao Feng is too old to be in the world, he must not go from an anshan forest, and there is no near humiliation (as long as the country needs it, he can stand up at any time, it is a great festival and righteousness)", yuan jie, who received the edict, went out of the mountain again and went south to take office.
Daozhou (present-day Daoxian County, Hunan) was an important town in shonan, which had just experienced many years of war turmoil, ethnic contradictions were still very sharp, thieves and thieves were plundering continuously, the countryside was deserted, and the city was well-organized and devastated. Less than 50 days after Yuan Jie took office, he received more than 200 official documents from the imperial court urging the collection of taxes, and the seals marked that "those who lose their limits are guilty of debasement." Yuan Jie was furious and indignantly wrote two long poems, "Gangling Xing" and "Thief Retiring officials", attacking those bureaucrats who did not care about the people's lives to collect taxes, and risking "crime to the point of depreciation" to ask for the people's lives, and wrote the "Song of Exemption from Science" to play the imperial court to exempt the people from taxes, "rent mediocre envoys and city miscellaneous goods" 130,000 taels. After he left office, the People of Daozhou erected stones and built shrines to commemorate his merits.
A few years later, the area around Rongzhou (present-day Yulin, Guangxi) was affected by the Anshi Rebellion, and the local ethnic minorities gathered to make trouble, and most of the prefectures and counties were captured. The imperial court sent Yuan Jie to his post, and Yuan Jie was full of poetry and books, had great courage, and was not only proficient in the way of generals, but also familiar with the art of taming the people. He rode into the cave, personally caressed, negotiated with the leaders of ethnic minorities, and knew that in just 60 days, 8 states restored stability, showing the way of culture and martial arts in the Yuan Dynasty.
▎ Indulge in landscapes
——" Punch card" writing achievement "three cliffs"
Shi Suixin said: "Yuan Jie is still a hermit, and in addition to his official duties, he 'punches' everywhere between Yongzhou, Daozhou and other mountains and rivers. Everywhere he went, there were writings, or long scrolls, or short texts, or notes, or inscriptions, and carved stones. His love of landscapes is far greater than his love of official positions, and he repeatedly reveals the idea of retreating to the spot in his poems. ”
When Yuan Jie was serving as the Assassin of Daozhou, he inspected Jianghua County and named the small pavilion of the mountain stone "Han Pavilion" as "Han Pavilion"; You YanghuaYan, as "Yanghua Ming", was carved on the rock. Passing through the Xiangjiang River in Qiyang, Hunan, Yuan Jie was fascinated by the scenery of the landscape here, and later lived here for a long time on the grounds of the funeral of his mother.
Yuan Jie named the place where he lived "Huan Xi", named a high platform on the side of Huan Xi "Kun Tai", and built a mountain pavilion.
In the sixth year of the Gregorian calendar (771 AD), his literary friend and Comrade-in-arms of the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Zhenqing, came to See Him in Huanxi, and Yuan Jie asked this great calligrapher to write out his old work "Ode to the Tang Dynasty Zhongxing" from ten years ago, and asked someone to carve it on the cliff wall and become a scenery in his backyard. "Xiangjiang River east and west, Zhongzhi Huanxi, Shiya Tianqi." Can be polished and engraved, publish this praise, what a million years! This magnificent and smooth hymn, coupled with strong and free calligraphy, coupled with the giant rocks created by the gods and the exquisite technical carvings of masonry, is known as the "Three Absolute Cliffs", making it famous in Shenzhou and achieving the "Forest of Steles in The Hunxi River".
Since the Tang and Song dynasties, eunuchs and famous princes and grand secretaries have flocked to form a unique landscape culture by writing or improvising poems, competing for inscriptions on steep cliffs, caves and gaps.
"Yuan Jie has read a lot of books all his life, and his literary attainments are quite profound. No matter when and where, he can compose poems and express his heart. Shi Suixin said that even if he conquered the battlefield and ruled the government as an official, Yuan Jie also regarded the poetry composition as a big thing to do, which was also a point that he particularly admired and liked Yuan Jie. In particular, Yuan Jie's poetry creation reflects the people's livelihood and suffering, exposes the dark reality and the forces of decay, is simple and mellow, grateful and indignant, sharp in pen, and the prose is short and concise, both divine and form-like, and taoistic, which can be regarded as a model of realism. His essays "Right Creek Record", "Special Pavilion Record", "Mao Ge Record", "Han Pavilion Record", etc. are the pioneers of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan's landscape travels.
Poor is good at his own, Da is also good at the world, Yuan Jie can be called a model of ancient and modern times, he spent his life, practicing the life realm of "self-cultivation and family governance and world peace". In 2008, Yuanjie was rated as "Top Ten Historical Celebrities of Eagle City" by the Yanhuang Cultural Research Association of our city. In 2014, Yuan Jie was selected as one of the "Top Ten Historical Celebrities of Lushan".
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【Source: Pingdingshan Evening News】
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