<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >01, the origin of the Red Army</h1>
On November 13, 1927, the famous Jute Uprising broke out in the Eyu-Anhui region.
Among the many founding generals, 25 directly participated in the jute uprising, including 2 generals: Xu Haidong and Wang Shusheng, and 5 admirals: Xu Shiyou, Chen Zaidao, Wang Jian'an, Zhou Chunquan, and Wang Hongkun.
Hundreds of founding generals joined the Red Army under the influence of this uprising (such as the founding general Han Xianchu).
Therefore, this uprising was a large-scale and far-reaching uprising second only to the three major uprisings (Nanchang Uprising, Autumn Harvest Uprising, and Guangzhou Uprising).
Jute Uprising
What is less well known is that the reason why the Red Army is called the Red Army is actually due to this uprising.
When the jute rebel army conquered the county seat of Huang'an, Mr. Wu Lanxuan (Dong Biwu's cousin), a famous calligrapher in the county, improvised and wrote a couplet:
Hate the Green Forest Soldiers, pretending to be blue sky and white sun, darkness and darkness buried naked;
Restore Huang'an County, try to see the blue clouds and purple qi, and the Red Army is supported by cangsheng and jiji.
It was this couplet that first proposed the name of the Red Army, from which the name of the Red Army originated.
Mr. Wu Lanxi couplet
Since then, the name of the Red Army has not gone away and has been accepted by the vast number of soldiers.
On December 11, 1927, the Guangzhou Uprising broke out, and the banner of the Guangzhou Uprising troops was the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
On May 25, 1928, the Central Military Commission promulgated the "Outline of Military Work", which clearly stipulates:
"The armies established in the divided areas may be officially named the Red Army, and the former workers' and peasants' revolutionary army shall be abolished."
After the promulgation of this outline, the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army throughout the country was officially named the Red Army.
In 1930, it was renamed the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, still referred to as the Red Army.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >02, Red Army number</h1>
In the history of the Red Army, there are a total of 70 Red Army units with military ranks
Due to the vagaries in the development of the Red Army troops at that time, the Central Military Commission did not make unified regulations on the sequence and number of each army, and the poor connection between the various base areas, the phenomenon of duplication of the numbers set by the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in various localities was very common.
The 70 Red Army had a total of 35 numbers from the Red 1st Army to the Red 35th Army.
Among these 35 numbers, the same number is used only once: the Red 2nd Army, the 7th Army, the 16th Army, the 17th Army, the 18th Army, the 23rd Army, the 24th Army, the 25th Army, the 31st Army, the 33rd Army, the 34th Army, the 35th Army, a total of 12 red armies;
The same number was shared twice: the Red 1st Army, the 5th Army, the 10th Army, the 13th Army, the 14th Army, the 22nd Army, the 26th Army, the 27th Army, the 28th Army, the 29th Army, the 30th Army, and the 32nd Army, a total of 12 Red Army numbers and 24 Red Army corps;
The same number was shared three times: the Red 3rd Army, the 4th Army, the 8th Army, the 9th Army, the 11th Army, the 12th Army, the 15th Army, the 19th Army, the 20th Army, and the 21st Army, a total of 10 Red Army numbers and 30 Red Army;
The same number is shared four times: the Red 6Th army, a total of 1 number and 4 Red Army.
It can be seen from the above that the most used number in the history of the Red Army is not the Red 1 Army, nor the famous Red 4 Army, but the Red 6 Army.
These 4 Red 6 Armies are all heroic units.
The three main divisions of the Long March Red Army will be divisions
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >03, Red 6 Army</h1>
In the order of formation, the four Red 6 Armies are as follows.
The first was the Changyang Red 6th Army.
In July 1929, the 6th Red Army of Changyang in western Hubei, commander Li Xun, deputy commander Chen Shoushan, chief of staff Li Zijun.
Under the jurisdiction of the 1st Division (division commander Liu Liangchen), the 2nd Division (division commander Chen Ziqing), the whole army a total of about 3,000 people.
The second is the 6th Red Army in southwest Jiangxi.
In January 1930, the Red Army's independent 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th regiments and guerrillas formed the 6th Red Army in southwest Jiangxi, with commander Huang Gongluo, political commissar Liu Shiqi, chief of staff Chen Qihan, and director of the Political Department Mao Zeqin.
Under the jurisdiction of the 1st Column (Column Commander Ke Wudong), the 2nd Column (Column Commander Luo Binghui), the 3rd Column (Column Commander Liu Zuoshu), the whole army a total of about 2600 people.
In July 1930, the Red 6th Army in southwest Jiangxi was changed to the Red 3rd Army and incorporated into the Red 1st Army.
The third is the 6th Red Army in western Hubei.
In February 1930, the Red 6th Army reorganized by the 1st and 2nd Columns of the Independent Corps of Western Hubei, with Sun Deqing, military commander, and Zhou Yiqun, political commissar.
Under the jurisdiction of the 1st Column (column commander Duan Dechang and deputy commander, political commissar Wang He), the 2nd Column (column commander Duan Yulin, political commissar Xu Guangda), the 3rd column, the whole army a total of about 8,000 people.
In July 1930, the 6th Red Army in western Hubei and the Red 2nd Army led by He Long (commander He Long, political commissar Zhu Mianzhi, and chief of staff Zhang Yingnan) were in hubei public security division, and the two armies were merged into the Red Second Army.
In January 1931, Duan Dechang led a regiment of the Red 6th Army back to Honghu lake, reorganized the Red 6th Army with some of the wounded left by the Red 2nd Army, and continued to persist in the revolution in the Honghu area, so it was also called the Honghu Red 6th Army. Duan Dechang was appointed as the commander.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >04, four commanders</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="33" > Li Xun</h1>
Li Xun, commander of the Changyang Red 6th Army, is a local Tujia family in Changyang, born in 1899, studied at Yichang Commercial School, and returned to his hometown as a primary school teacher after graduation.
In 1925, Li Xun abandoned his pen and became the regimental commander of a local militia regiment, and was later admitted to the Henan Jianguo Army Officers' School.
In 1926, after graduating from the military academy, Li Xun went to Guangzhou to study at the peasant movement training institute sponsored by Mao Zedong and became a student of Mao Zedong.
Under the influence of Mao Zedong, he joined the Party honorably and soon participated in the Northern Expedition.
After the defeat of the Great Revolution, Li Xun served as deputy education chief of the Military and Political Training Institute of the 43rd Army, engaged in secret military movement work.
In November 1928, Li Xun was appointed deputy commander of the Changyin County Defense Regiment and began to organize an uprising.
In July 1929, The West Bay Uprising was held by the regiment under the command of Li Xun.
After the uprising, the rebel forces were reorganized into the Red 6th Army, with Li Xun as its commander.
Marshal He Long during the Red Army
In August of the same year, Li Xun led his troops to Hefeng to transfer to the Fourth Army Division of the Helong Department, and as a result, they encountered an enemy ambush at Ziqiu and were surrounded by the enemy with superior troops, and the Changyang Red 6th Army was almost completely destroyed, and more than 70 military cadres died heroically, which was a very magnificent scene in the history of the Red Army.
After Li Xun led his troops to break through, he led the rest of his troops to meet the local divine soldiers at Wudi Riguan to form the 38th Regiment of the Red 6th Army.
At the end of September of that year, Li Xun personally led 16 people back to Changyang to prepare to launch an uprising of the local leader of the Divine Soldiers, but unfortunately he was killed by traitors and died heroically, at the age of 30.
With Li Xun's qualifications, if he lived to be awarded the title in 1955, it is likely that he would be a general.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="35" >2, Huang Gongluo</h1>
Huang Gongluo, commander of the 6th Red Army in southwest Jiangxi, formerly known as Han Soul, a native of Xiangxiang, Hunan, was born on January 24, 1898.
Huang Gongluo's father was a private school master, and he studied with his father since childhood.
In 1914, after Huang Gongliu succeeded in his studies, his son inherited his father's business and returned to his hometown to serve as a private school master.
In 1915, at the age of 17, Huang Gongluo joined the Dharma Protector Movement and began his military career as a platoon leader in the Xiang Army.
In 1916, Huang Gongluo studied at the Hunan Army Lecture Hall and was a classmate of Peng Dehuai, and the two became acquainted and became close comrades-in-arms.
In August 1923, after graduating from the Army's Daowutang, Huang Gongluo returned to the 6th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade of the 2nd Division of the Xiang Army as a deputy company commander and company commander.
In July 1926, Huang Gongluo participated in the Northern Expedition and served as the deputy regimental deputy of the 30th Regiment of the 2nd Division.
In January 1927, Huang Gongliu was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy and became a third-term student of the Whampoa Military Academy.
In the same year, Huang Gongluo participated in the Guangzhou Uprising and secretly joined the Party.
In March 1928, Huang Gongliu returned to Hunan to serve as the deputy principal of the 5th Independent Division of the National Revolutionary Army and the commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 3rd Regiment.
At that time, Huang Gongluo's classmate Peng Dehuai was the leader of the 1st Regiment.
At that time, Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo developed party branches in the army, set up a camp school, and absorbed young people in the army, and Peng Shaohui enthusiastically participated and became the backbone of the school.
On July 22, Peng Dehuai, Teng Daiyuan, Huang Gongluo and others led more than 800 soldiers of the 5th Division to launch the famous Pingjiang Uprising.
On July 24, the rebel forces were reorganized into the 13th Division of the 5th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
Peng Dehuai served as commander of the Red 5th Army and commander of the 13th Division, Teng Daiyuan as the military party representative and division party representative, Deng Ping as the chief of staff of the army, Huang Gongluo as the party representative of the 13th division of the Red 5 army and the member of the Red 5 army military commission.
In October, the Red 5th Army and the guerrillas around Pingjiang and Liuyang were combined into three columns.
In December, Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan led the 1st and 3rd Columns of the Red 5th Army to Jinggangshan to join the Red 4th Army and changed to the 5th Column of the Red Army;
The second column was commanded by Huang Gongluo and remained in Xiang'e and Gansu to persist in guerrilla struggle.
In August 1929, Peng Dehuai led the Red 5th Army back to the Pingliu area and met with Huang Gongluo.
In September, the two armies re-formed the Red 5th Army, with Peng Dehuai as the commander, Teng Daiyuan as the political commissar, Huang Gongliu as the deputy commander, Deng Ping as the chief of staff, and Wu Shuzhi as the director of the political department.
In the early days of the creation of the Central Revolutionary Base Area, Chiang Kai-shek referred to the Central Red Army as "Zhu, Mao, Peng, and Huang."
Huang Gongluo, together with Zhu De, Mao Zedong and Peng Dehuai, said that this shows how much of a role it has.
In January 1930, Huang Gongluo was transferred to the Red 6th Army.
In July, the Red 6th Army and the Red 3rd Army joined forces to form the First Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, directly under the command of Mao Zedong and Zhu De.
Subsequently, Huang Gongluo served as the commander of the Red 3rd Army.
Huang Gongluo led his troops to participate in the first to third "anti-encirclement and suppression" campaigns, and gradually became a major general of the Central Red Army, together with Lin Biao, Peng Dehuai, and Wu Zhonghao, and was called the four generals of Mao Zedong.
36 military experts Huang Gongluo
In particular, in the second "anti-encirclement and suppression" Huang Gongluo skillfully turned the blockade battle into an ambush battle, the divine soldiers descended from the sky, suddenly disrupted the command system of the enemy's 38th Division, the enemy army suddenly collapsed, and fled in a daze, most of the enemy's 38th Division was annihilated, and the division commander Gong Bingfan was only spared.
The heroic gesture of Huang Gongluo's army descending from the sky left a deep impression on Mao Zedong, who observed the battle at Baiyun Mountain.
Mao Zedong specially gave Huang Gongluo a nickname - "Flying General", Mao Zedong's term "Fisherman's Pride and Anti-Second Encirclement and Suppression":
The clouds at the head of Baiyun Mountain want to stand, the cry under Baiyun Mountain is urgent, and the dead wood decay plants are working hard together. Gunfired, the flying general threw himself into the air.
On the fifteenth day of the seven-hundred-mile drive, the Ganshui River was vast and the Mountains were blue, sweeping through a thousand armies like a sweep. Some people cry, for the camp step by step!
The Flying General in the word refers to Huang Gongluo.
In June 1930, Mao Zedong led the Red 4th Army to write the famous "Butterfly Loves Flowers" on the way from western Fujian to Changsha. From Tingzhou to Changsha
In June, the Heavenly Soldiers conscripted corruption, and the Ten Thousand Elders wanted to tie up the Kunpeng.
The red corner of Ganshui is on the other side, and the partial division borrows Huang Gongluo.
Millions of workers and peasants rushed to sweep across Jiangxi and Directly attack Xiang and Hubei. An international lament song, a wild ride for me to fall from the sky.
Huang Gongluo thus became the most famous of the 36 military writers to enter Mao Zedong's poetry.
Huang Gongluo had been through hundreds of battles and had never been wounded, but he fell on an ordinary march.
On September 15, 1931, Huang Gongluo led his troops to participate in the pursuit of Fangshiling and annihilated the enemy's 52nd Division.
In the process of commanding the transfer of troops, Huang Gongluo was attacked by enemy aircraft at Ji'an Donggu Liudu Pass, in order to cover the rescue troops, Huang Gongluo jumped up from a safe hiding place, commanded the shooting to attract enemy aircraft, but unfortunately was shot and killed, only 33 years old.
After Huang Gongluo's death, Mao Zedong wrote an inscription for him at the memorial service:
The Guangzhou riots did not die, the Pingjiang riots did not die, and now they were sacrificed, and they hated the catastrophe that fell from the sky.
Revolutionary wars have made meritorious contributions, guerrilla warfare has made meritorious contributions, and he has been brave all his life, so as to teach future generations to succeed the king.
In August 1994, Huang Gongluo was selected as one of the 36 military experts, and he was the first of the 36 military leaders to die.
If he had not sacrificed himself and lived to be awarded the rank in 1955, it would most likely have been the rank of field marshal, which is really stifling.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="37" >3, Sun Deqing</h1>
Sun Deqing, formerly known as Sun Yiwei, a soldier of the 6th Red Army in western Hubei, was born in 1904 in Shou County, Anhui.
In May 1924, Sun Deqing was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy and became a first-term student of the Whampoa Military Academy, and in the same year he was honored to join the Party.
During the Northern Expedition, Sun Deqing successively served as the commander of the 1st Battalion of the Yeting Independent Regiment of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and the commander of the 75th Regiment of the 25th Division of the Fourth Army.
In August 1927, Sun Deqing participated in the Nanchang Uprising and served as the commander of the 75th Regiment of the 25th Division (Division Commander Zhou Shidi) of the 11th Army (Commander Ye Ting).
In October 1929, Sun Deqing was ordered to the Honghu area of Hubei Province to form the Red 6 Army and serve as the commander of the Red 6 Army.
In July 1930, Sun Deqing was appointed chief of staff of the Red Second Army and commander of the 2nd Army.
In March 1931, the Red Second Army was reorganized into the Xiang'e Western Red 3rd Army, with commander He Long, political commissar Deng Zhongxia, chief of staff Sun Deqing, director of the Political Department Liu Zhixun, and Sun Deqing also concurrently served as the commander of the 7th Division.
He Long's general Sun Deqing
Sun Deqing was a fierce general under He Long, and He Long respected him a lot.
In 1932, Sun Deqing was unfortunately killed at the age of 28.
With Sun Deqing's qualifications, if he can live until the founding of the people's republic of China in 1955, he is likely to be awarded the title of general.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="39" >4, Duan Dechang</h1>
Duan Dechang, commander of the Honghu Red 6th Army, was born in 1904 in Nanxian County, Hunan, and Duan Dechang was a fourth-term student of the Whampoa Military Academy.
During the Northern Expedition, Duan Dechang served as the secretary of the Political Department of the 5th Division of the 8th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the secretary general of the Political Department of the 2nd Division, and the party representative of the 20th Army (Commander He Long) 3rd Division and 2nd Regiment.
In August 1927, Duan Dechang participated in the Nanchang Uprising.
After the Nanchang Uprising, Duan Dechang transferred to the countryside around western Hubei to engage in the peasant movement and lead the Nianguan rebellion in Gong'an County.
Duan Dechang was Peng Dehuai's introduction to the party.
From June 1928, Duan Dechang served as chief of staff, commander of the Independent Division, and acting commander of the Western Hubei Guerrilla Corps.
In February 1930, after the establishment of the Red 6th Army, Duan Dechang served as deputy commander, Sun Deqing as military commander, Zhou Yiqun as political commissar, Duan Dechang as deputy commander and commander of the 1st Column, and Xu Guangda as chief of staff.
Soon after, he left his post due to illness and was succeeded by Kuang Jixun.
Subsequently, Duan Dechang succeeded Kuang Jixun as the third commander of the Red 6th Army.
In early December 1930, Duan Dechang was transferred to the red guard of the Xiang'e-Xilian County Government, and soon reorganized the Red 6th Army as its commander.
After March 19313, the Red 6th Army was reorganized into the 9th Division of the Red 3rd Army (Commander He Long), with Duan Dechang as the division commander.
Duan Dechang was a famous changsheng general under He Long, who was deeply admired by the Red Army.
People give the nickname "Fire Dragon General", and "Water Dragon General" is He Long,
On May 1, 1933, Duan Dechang was mistakenly killed by Xia Xi at the age of 29.
The first martyr of the Republic, 36 military experts Duan Dechang
In 1952, Mao Zedong issued the First Martyr's Certificate of the Central People's Government, and the name on the certificate was Duan Dechang.
In 1955, the founding general Xu Guangda said sadly that if Duan Dechang did not sacrifice, he would be a marshal.
When Xu Guangda went to ask his old boss He Long what rank he would be awarded if Duan Dechang did not die.
He Long pondered a little and replied, "It may be the Great General." ”
In 1980, Major General Fan Zhexiang said: "Duan Dechang is a general who has always won, and I have served as a staff officer with him. He was only two years older than me, and if he wasn't killed by Xia Xi, he might be a marshal, and Xu Guangda was his division commander and a general.
On November 30, 1989, Duan Dechang was selected as one of the 36 military experts.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > epilogue,</h1>
The above is the biography of the four first commanders of the Red 6 Army, the revolutionary struggle is extremely arduous, and the 4 first commanders of the Red 6 Army have all died heroically.
If they do not sacrifice, they are likely to become generals, and it is even possible to become marshals.
The victory of the revolution is not easy, and this prosperous world was all bought with the lives of revolutionary martyrs.